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Hung HS, Yang YC, Kao WC, Yeh CA, Chang KB, Tang CM, Hsieh HH, Lee HT. Evaluation of the Biocompatibility and Endothelial Differentiation Capacity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Polyethylene Glycol Nanogold Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234265. [PMID: 34883774 PMCID: PMC8659436 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, where inflammation occurs in the blood vessel wall, are one of the major causes of death worldwide. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)-based treatment coupled with nanoparticles is considered to be a potential and promising therapeutic strategy for vascular regeneration. Thus, angiogenesis enhanced by nanoparticles is of critical concern. In this study, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) incorporated with 43.5 ppm of gold (Au) nanoparticles was prepared for the evaluation of biological effects through in vitro and in vivo assessments. The physicochemical properties of PEG and PEG–Au nanocomposites were first characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFMs). Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species scavenger ability as well as the hydrophilic property of the nanocomposites were also investigated. Afterwards, the biocompatibility and biological functions of the PEG–Au nanocomposites were evaluated through in vitro assays. The thin coating of PEG containing 43.5 ppm of Au nanoparticles induced the least platelet and monocyte activation. Additionally, the cell behavior of MSCs on PEG–Au 43.5 ppm coating demonstrated better cell proliferation, low ROS generation, and enhancement of cell migration, as well as protein expression of the endothelialization marker CD31, which is associated with angiogenesis capacity. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory and endothelial differentiation ability were both evaluated through in vivo assessments. The evidence demonstrated that PEG–Au 43.5 ppm implantation inhibited capsule formation and facilitated the expression of CD31 in rat models. TUNEL assay also indicated that PEG–Au nanocomposites would not induce significant cell apoptosis. The above results elucidate that the surface modification of PEG–Au nanomaterials may enable them to serve as efficient tools for vascular regeneration grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-S.H.); (W.-C.K.); (C.-A.Y.); (K.-B.C.)
- Translational Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407204, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chien Kao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-S.H.); (W.-C.K.); (C.-A.Y.); (K.-B.C.)
| | - Chun-An Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-S.H.); (W.-C.K.); (C.-A.Y.); (K.-B.C.)
| | - Kai-Bo Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-S.H.); (W.-C.K.); (C.-A.Y.); (K.-B.C.)
| | - Cheng-Ming Tang
- College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Hsien-Hsu Hsieh
- Blood Bank, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407204, Taiwan;
| | - Hsu-Tung Lee
- Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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