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Shu VA, Eni DB, Ntie-Kang F. A survey of isatin hybrids and their biological properties. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10883-z. [PMID: 38833124 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of diverse infections worldwide, which is a serious global threat to human existence, necessitates the urgent development of novel therapeutic candidates that can combat these diseases with efficacy. Molecular hybridization has been established as an efficient technique in designing bioactive molecules capable of fighting infections. Isatin, a core nucleus of an array of compounds with diverse biological properties can be modified at different positions leading to the creation of novel drug targets, is an active area of medicinal chemistry. This review containing published articles from 2005 to 2022 highlights isatin hybrids which have been synthesized and reported in the literature alongside a discussion on their biological properties. The enriched structure-activity relationship studies discussed provides insights for the rational design of novel isatin hybrids with tailored biological properties as effective therapeutic candidates inspired by nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Asoh Shu
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Donatus Bekindaka Eni
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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2
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Podila N, Penddinti NK, Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Konidala SK, Pulusu VS, Bhandare RR, Shaik AB. Design, synthesis, biological and computational screening of novel pyridine-based thiadiazole derivatives as prospective anti-inflammatory agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29390. [PMID: 38655368 PMCID: PMC11036016 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel series of pyridine-based thiadiazole derivatives (NTD1-NTD5) were synthesized as prospective anti-inflammatory agents by combining substituted carboxylic acid derivatives of 5-substituted-2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole with nicotinoyl isothiocyanate in the presence of acetone. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. First, the compounds underwent rigorous in vivo testing for acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity and the results revealed that three compounds-NTD1, NTD2, and NTD3, displayed no acute toxicity and significant anti-inflammatory activity, surpassing the efficacy of the standard drug, diclofenac. Notably, NTD3, which featured benzoic acid substitution, emerged as the most potent anti-inflammatory agent among the screened compounds. To further validate these findings, an in silico docking study was carried out against COX-2 bound to diclofenac (PDB ID: 1pxx). The computational analysis demonstrated that NTD2, and NTD3, exhibited substantial binding affinity, with the lowest binding energies (-8.5 and -8.4, kcal/mol) compared to diclofenac (-8.4 kcal/mol). This alignment between in vivo and in silico data supported the robust anti-inflammatory potential of these derivatives. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted, extending over 100 ns, to examine the dynamic interactions between the ligands and the target protein. The results solidified NTD3's position as a leading candidate, showing potent inhibitory activity through strong and sustained interactions, including stable hydrogen bond formations. This was further confirmed by RMSD values of 2-2.5 Å and 2-3Ǻ, reinforcing NTD3's potential as a useful anti-inflammatory agent. The drug likeness analysis of NTD3 through SwissADME indicated that most of the predicted parameters including Lipinski rule were within acceptable limits. While these findings are promising, further research is necessary to elucidate the precise relationships between the chemical structures and their activity, as well as to understand the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects. This study lays the foundation for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics, potentially offering improved efficacy and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Podila
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Konidala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Veera Shakar Pulusu
- Ohio University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Athens, OH, USA, 45701
| | - Richie R. Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, P O Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, P O Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- St. Mary's College of Pharmacy, St. Mary's Group of Institutions Guntur, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Chebrolu, Guntur, 522212, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India
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3
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Basheeruddin M, Khan S, Ahmed N, Jamal S. Effect of pH on Diclofenac-Lysozyme Interaction: Structural and Functional Aspect. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:872905. [PMID: 35898307 PMCID: PMC9309515 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.872905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, diclofenac (DCF) is used in the treatment of a variety of human ailments. It has already been reported that the use of this class of drugs for a longer duration is associated with numerous side effects such as cardiovascular implications, reno-medullary complications, etc. In the present study, the effect of DCF on the structure, stability, and function of lysozyme was studied. The study was designed to examine the effect of DCF only at various pH values. Heat-induced denaturation of lysozyme was analyzed in the presence and absence of various molar concentrations of DCF at different pH values. The values of thermodynamic parameters, the midpoint of denaturation (T m), enthalpy change at T m (ΔH m), constant pressure heat capacity change (ΔC p), and Gibbs energy change at 25°C (ΔG D o), thus obtained under a given set of conditions (pH and molar concentration of DCF), demonstrated the following 1) DCF destabilized lysozyme with respect of T m and ΔG D o at all the pH values, 2) the magnitude of protein destabilization is lesser at acidic pH than at physiological pH, 3) structural changes in lysozyme are less projecting at pH 2.0 than at pH 7.0, and 4) quenching is observed at both pH values. Furthermore, the process of protein destabilization in the presence of DCF is entropically driven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shazia Jamal
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
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4
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Cheke RS, Patil VM, Firke SD, Ambhore JP, Ansari IA, Patel HM, Shinde SD, Pasupuleti VR, Hassan MI, Adnan M, Kadri A, Snoussi M. Therapeutic Outcomes of Isatin and Its Derivatives against Multiple Diseases: Recent Developments in Drug Discovery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030272. [PMID: 35337070 PMCID: PMC8950263 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isatin (1H indole 2, 3-dione) is a heterocyclic, endogenous lead molecule recognized in humans and different plants. The isatin nucleus and its derivatives are owed the attention of researchers due to their diverse pharmacological activities such as anticancer, anti-TB, antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anti-HIV, and so on. Many research chemists take advantage of the gentle structure of isatins, such as NH at position 1 and carbonyl functions at positions 2 and 3, for designing biologically active analogues via different approaches. Literature surveys based on reported preclinical, clinical, and patented details confirm the multitarget profile of isatin analogues and thus their importance in the field of medicinal chemistry as a potent chemotherapeutic agent. This review represents the recent development of isatin analogues possessing potential pharmacological action in the years 2016–2020. The structure–activity relationship is also discussed to provide a pharmacophoric pattern that may contribute in the future to the design and synthesis of potent and less toxic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwar S. Cheke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. Rajendra Gode College of Pharmacy, Malkapur 443101, Maharashtra, India;
- Correspondence: (R.S.C.); (V.R.P.)
| | - Vaishali M. Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Delhi-NCR, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Sandip D. Firke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India; (S.D.F.); (I.A.A.); (H.M.P.)
| | - Jaya P. Ambhore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. Rajendra Gode College of Pharmacy, Malkapur 443101, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Iqrar A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India; (S.D.F.); (I.A.A.); (H.M.P.)
| | - Harun M. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India; (S.D.F.); (I.A.A.); (H.M.P.)
| | - Sachin D. Shinde
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri. R. D. Bhakt College of Pharmacy, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 44800, Sabah, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru 28291, Riau, Indonesia
- Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (R.S.C.); (V.R.P.)
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Ha′il 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Adel Kadri
- Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Chemistry, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, P.O. Box 1988, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Ha′il 2440, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), University of Monastir, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Al-Nour MY, Arbab AH, Parvez MK, Mohamed AY, Al-Dosari MS. In-vitro Cytotoxicity and In-silico Insights of the Multi-target Anticancer Candidates from Haplophyllum tuberculatum. BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 2021. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v4i3.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum(Forsk.) aerial parts ethanol extract and fractions and reveal the potential anticancer targets, binding modes, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity properties of its phytoconstituents. MTT assay was used to investigate the anticancer activity. TargetNet, ChemProt version 2.0, and CLC-Pred web servers were used for virtual screening, and Cresset Flare software was used for molecular docking with the 26 predicted targets. Moreover, pkCSM, swiss ADME, and eMolTox web servers were used to predict pharmacokinetics and safety. Ethanolic extracts of H. tuberculatum on HepG2 and HeLa cell lines showed promising activities with IC50 values 54.12 and 48.1 µg/mL, respectively. Further, ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values 41.7 and 52.31 µg/mL. Of 70 compounds screened virtually, polygamain, justicidin A, justicidin B, haplotubine, kusunokinin, and flindersine were predicted as safe anticancer drugs candidates. They showed the highest binding scores with targets involved in cell growth, proliferation, survival, migration, tumor suppression, induction of apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Our findings revealed the potency of H. tuberculatum as a source of anticancer candidates that further studies should support.
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Varpe BD, Kulkarni AA, Jadhav SB, Mali AS, Jadhav SY. Isatin Hybrids and Their Pharmacological Investigations. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1182-1225. [PMID: 33302835 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201209213029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization is an important strategy to design molecules that can be effectively used to treat fatal diseases known to mankind. Molecular hybrids and their pharmacological investigations aided in discovering several potent isatin (Indole 2, 3 dione) derivatives with anti-HIV, antimalarial, antitubercular, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Indole-2,3-dione and their derivatives have diverse pharmacological properties and have a prominent role in the discovery of new drugs. To understand the various approaches for designing new molecules based on isatin nucleus analysis of various pharmacophore hybrids, spacers/linkers between pharmacophores and isatin for hybridization and their biological activities are important. This review discusses the progress in developing isatin hybrids as biologically effective agents and their crucial aspects of design and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan D Varpe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol A Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailaja B Jadhav
- PES's Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, 411044, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil S Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DKSS's Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Swami Chincholi, Dist-Pune, 413130 Maharashtra, India
| | - Shravan Y Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, DBF Dayanand College of Arts & Science, Solapur 413002, Maharashtra, India
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An Insight of Co-Encapsulation Nigella sativa and Cosmos caudatus Kunth Extracts as Anti-Inflammatory Agent Through In Silico Study. JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI 2021. [DOI: 10.14710/jksa.24.5.152-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes anti-inflammatory activity from extracts of Nigella sativa and Cosmos caudatus Kunth co-encapsulated through in silico molecular docking. The LC-MS results revealed that extracts of N. sativa mostly contained thymoquinone and alpha-hederin, whereas quercetin and kaempferol were the major compounds in C. caudatus K. Nevertheless, the bioactive compounds are usually susceptible to degradation by exposure to light, heat, oxygen, which may limit its biological activity. Therefore, encapsulation is one of the promising techniques to protect bioactive compounds. Ligands were encapsulated with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate as wall materials. Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as the target enzymes were docked with a combination of these active compounds (non-encapsulated and encapsulated), using the HEX 8.0 program, and visualized using the Discovery studio visualizer software v16.1.0.15350. Interestingly, docking results of the combination of encapsulated ligands showed no interactions to COX-1 but interacted with COX-2. Therefore, co-encapsulation of extracts combinations has been suggested to act as anti-inflammatory agents targeted specifically to the COX-2 enzyme. The total energy of the encapsulated of combination of extract compounds to COX-2 were -1425.88 (mol/cal) for thymoquinone + quercetin; -1435.87 (mol/cal) for thymoquinone + kaempferol; 1175.97 (mol/cal) for quercetin + alpha hederin; -957.74 (mol/cal) for kaempferol + alpha hederin; and -283.3 (mol/cal) for diclofenac sodium, as a control NSAID drug. These suggest that encapsulated active compounds in N. sativa and C. caudatus K. have potency as a drug candidate for the selective NSAIDs category, which can be subjected to further in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Mahmoud M. Hamed, El-Dean AMK, Abdel-Mohsen SA, Tolba MS. New Diclofenac Derivatives as Anti-Microbial, Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Screening, and Molecular Docking Study. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Schiff Bases of Isatin and Adamantane-1-Carbohydrazide: Synthesis, Characterization and Anticonvulsant Activity. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6659156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is the most common neurological condition and cause of substantial morbidity and mortality. In the present study, the molecular hybridization tool was adopted to obtain six Schiff bases of isatin and adamantane-1-carbohydrazide (18–23). Then, their anticonvulsant activity was evaluated using pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ-) induced seizure model using phenobarbitone as a positive control. Our findings showed that compounds 18–23 provided significant protection against PTZ-induced seizure, and maximum activities were associated with compound 23. Moreover, all investigated compounds increased the latency of induced convulsion and reduced the duration of epilepsy with compound 23 being the best. Interestingly, most of the synthesized molecules showed reduction in neurological symptoms and severity of the seizure. Molecular docking studies suggest GABA-A receptor as a potential target, and in silico ADME screening revealed that the pharmaceutical properties of compound 23 are within the specified limit. Thus, compound 23 was identified as a promising candidate that warrants further drug discovery processes.
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Dantas LLSFR, Fonseca AG, Pereira JR, Furtado AA, Gomes PATM, Fernandes-Pedrosa MF, Leite ACL, Rêgo MJBM, Pitta MGR, Lemos TMAM. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of the isatin derivative (Z)-2-(5-chloro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-N-phenyl-hydrazinecarbothioamide in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e10204. [PMID: 32901685 PMCID: PMC7485313 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x202010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several isatin derivatives have shown important biological activities, which have attracted interest from researchers. For this reason, the present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of the isatin derivative (Z)-2-(5-chloro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-N-phenyl-hydrazinecarbothioamide (COPHCT) in mice. Three doses of this compound were tested: 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model and the zymosan-induced air pouch model. The evaluation of the antinociceptive effect was performed through the formalin test and the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test. The paw edema assay demonstrated that all doses of the compound showed a significant reduction of the edema in the second hour evaluated, but a better response was observed in the fourth hour. The zymosan-induced air pouch model indicated that the compound, in all doses, significantly reduced leukocyte migration and total protein concentration levels. In the formalin test, the doses 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg of COPHCT showed activity only in the second phase, with reduction in paw pain time of 73.61, 79.46, and 73.85%, respectively. The number of abdominal writhings decreased with the increasing dose, but only 5.0 mg/kg COPHCT exhibited a significant response, with a reduction of 24.88%. These results demonstrated the ability of this compound to interfere in the anti-inflammatory activity of edema, vascular permeability, and cell migration. In addition, its possible antinociceptive effect may be related to the dose used.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L S F R Dantas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - A G Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - J R Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - A A Furtado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - P A T M Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M F Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil.,Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - A C L Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil.,Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M J B M Rêgo
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M G R Pitta
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - T M A M Lemos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Inovação Tecnológica em Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
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11
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Al-Nour MY, Ibrahim MM, Elsaman T. Ellagic Acid, Kaempferol, and Quercetin from Acacia nilotica: Promising Combined Drug With Multiple Mechanisms of Action. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 5:255-280. [PMID: 32226726 PMCID: PMC7100491 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-019-00181-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological activity of Acacia nilotica's phytochemical constituents was confirmed with evidence-based studies, but the determination of exact targets that they bind and the mechanism of action were not done; consequently, we aim to identify the exact targets that are responsible for the pharmacological activity via the computational methods. Furthermore, we aim to predict the pharmacokinetics (ADME) properties and the safety profile in order to identify the best drug candidates. To achieve those goals, various computational methods were used including the ligand-based virtual screening and molecular docking. Moreover, pkCSM and SwissADME web servers were used for the prediction of pharmacokinetics and safety. The total number of the investigated compounds and targets was 25 and 61, respectively. According to the results, the pharmacological activity was attributed to the interaction with essential targets. Ellagic acid, Kaempferol, and Quercetin were the best A. nilotica's phytochemical constituents that contribute to the therapeutic activities, were non-toxic as well as non-carcinogen. The administration of Ellagic acid, Kaempferol, and Quercetin as combined drug via the novel drug delivery systems will be a valuable therapeutic choice for the treatment of recent diseases attacking the public health including cancer, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammatory systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosab Yahya Al-Nour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Musab Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Tilal Elsaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
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