Review: On Segmentation of Nodules from Posterior and Anterior Chest Radiographs

Oblique views of chest radiography from a designed rotation angle recommendation increase the contrast ratio between obscured lesions and surrounding structures

Background

Chest radiography (CXR) is the main tool used to detect pulmonary nodules. Lateral views of CXR are less effective and the aim of our study was to develop a rotation angle recommendation model to obtain the best oblique CXR with significantly increased contrast between lesions and surrounding normal structures in order to enhance the detection rate for potential obscured lesions on traditional posterior and anterior (PA) CXR.

Methods

A total of 140 subjects receiving low‐dose lung computed tomography (CT) screening were enrolled from the health check‐up database. An additional 14 cases with lung lesions on chest CT were included. Demography was also reviewed. Gross, left and right cardiothoracic ratios (CTR) were measured. All CT images were transformed to CXR to detect the best rotation angles and produce different views of CXR. Contrast ratio was calculated in the transformed CXR from CT with lesions. Comparison of contrast ratio among oblique, posterior‐anterior and lateral views was performed.

Results

CXR shows smaller gross CTR and left CTR but larger heart width and thoracic width in men than in women. Correlation evaluation displays gross CTR, heart width and left CTR are positively correlated with age only for the women group. The most important factor for the best rotation angle is right CTR for left rotation angle and left CTR for right rotation angle. The contrast ratio of the lesion to surrounding structures is significantly better on the oblique views in the designed angles than that on the traditional views.

Conclusion

CXR oblique views in the assigned angle from the 10‐degree rotation angle recommendation are able to enhance contrast ratio between the possible obscured lesions and surrounding structures on CXR.