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Bordin A, Chirivì M, Pagano F, Milan M, Iuliano M, Scaccia E, Fortunato O, Mangino G, Dhori X, De Marinis E, D'Amico A, Miglietta S, Picchio V, Rizzi R, Romeo G, Pulcinelli F, Chimenti I, Frati G, De Falco E. Human platelet lysate-derived extracellular vesicles enhance angiogenesis through miR-126. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13312. [PMID: 35946052 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key biological mediators of several physiological functions within the cell microenvironment. Platelets are the most abundant source of EVs in the blood. Similarly, platelet lysate (PL), the best platelet derivative and angiogenic performer for regenerative purposes, is enriched of EVs, but their role is still too poorly discovered to be suitably exploited. Here, we explored the contribution of the EVs in PL, by investigating the angiogenic features extrapolated from that possessed by PL. METHODS We tested angiogenic ability and molecular cargo in 3D bioprinted models and by RNA sequencing analysis of PL-derived EVs. RESULTS A subset of small vesicles is highly represented in PL. The EVs do not retain aggregation ability, preserving a low redox state in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and increasing the angiogenic tubularly-like structures in 3D endothelial bioprinted constructs. EVs resembled the miRNome profile of PL, mainly enriched with small RNAs and a high amount of miR-126, the most abundant angiogenic miRNA in platelets. The transfer of miR-126 by EVs in HUVEC after the in vitro inhibition of the endogenous form, restored angiogenesis, without involving VEGF as a downstream target in this system. CONCLUSION PL is a biological source of available EVs with angiogenic effects involving a miRNAs-based cargo. These properties can be exploited for targeted molecular/biological manipulation of PL, by potentially developing a product exclusively manufactured of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Maila Chirivì
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy (IBBC-CNR), Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Milan
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Ca'Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Eleonora Scaccia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Orazio Fortunato
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Xhulio Dhori
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Marinis
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Fabio Pulcinelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzili, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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Tu H, Xiao E, Liu O. Taking Microbiota into Consideration in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research. J Dent Res 2022; 101:880-886. [PMID: 35196924 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221077986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy in regenerative medicine, but the clinical efficacy has yet to be identified, because the functions of MSCs are modulated by many factors, including the age and health condition of donors, origin of the tissue, and several other unknown factors. Recently, it has been revealed that, besides host factors, the microbiota that inhabits the human body is a modulator of MSCs as well. Here, we highlight the role of microbiota in the alteration of MSCs functions, with a specific focus on the self-renewal ability, multiple differentiation potential, and the immunomodulation capacity of MSCs. We also review the clinical trials and model research on the synergic and antagonistic effects of microbiota in stem cell therapy. In addition, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of the interplay between microbiota and MSCs, which are elucidated using omics approaches followed by verification experiments. As oral and maxillofacial tissues are important sources of MSCs, as well as a major access to diverse microbes, further studies are needed to elucidate these interactions in the oral field to make greater advancements in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research and Human 3D Printing Engineering Research Central of Oral Care and Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health and Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - E Xiao
- Beijing Maybio Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd., Changsha City, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - O Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research and Human 3D Printing Engineering Research Central of Oral Care and Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health and Xiangya Stomatological Hospital and Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, P.R. China
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Reliability of Screening Methods to Diagnose Oral Dryness and Evaluate Saliva Secretion. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8030102. [PMID: 32887247 PMCID: PMC7558334 DOI: 10.3390/dj8030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the reliability and reproducibility of widely implemented salivary flow rate and oral dryness tests. In experiment 1, twenty young and healthy Japanese participants volunteered to participate. For each participant, the oral moisture (OM) level, unstimulated whole saliva volume (U-WSV), and stimulated whole saliva volume (S-WSV) were measured at the same time on two separate days. In experiment 2, twenty-seven patients who were over 65 years of age volunteered to participate. The OM level and U-WSV were measured at the same time on two separate days. In Experiment 1, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) corresponding to the S-WSV, U-WSV, and OM level were 0.23, 0.28, and 0.16, respectively, for the young participants. In Experiment 2, the ICCs corresponding to the U-WSV/spitting and OM level were 0.83 and 0.12, respectively, for the older participants. The results of Bland–Altman analysis confirmed the absence of systematic error, with the exception of the OM level results in Experiment 2, which indicated systematic bias. In conclusion, we believe that there is currently no consistent and reliable screening test for assessing salivary flow rate and oral dryness, although the spitting test was determined to be highly reliable.
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Ge X, Li Z, Jing S, Wang Y, Li N, Lu J, Yu J. Parathyroid hormone enhances the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via ERK and P38 MAPK pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1209-1221. [PMID: 31276209 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a main systemic mediator of calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the bone. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been extensively studied in the regeneration of bone and tooth tissues. This paper aims to uncover the influences of PTH on the proliferative ability and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, as well as the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The optimal concentration of PTH on DPSCs was determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, ALP staining and western blot analysis. Proliferative ability and cell cycle distribution of DPSCs were analyzed by Cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine assay, and flow cytometry. Osteo/odontogenic capacity of DPSCs was evaluated and finally, the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was assessed. RESULTS Purified DPSCs were obtained by enzymatic digestion, which presented a typical fibroblast-like morphology. 10-9 mol/L PTH was concerned as the optimal concentration for DPSCs induction. 10-9 mol/L PTH treatment did not change the proliferative rate of DPSCs (p > .05). Relative expressions of DSPP/DSPP, RUNX2/RUNX2, OSX/OSX, and ALP/ALP were upregulated in PTH-treated DPSCs relative to control group. Particularly, their mRNA/protein levels at Day 7 were markedly higher relative to those at Day 3 (p < .05 or p < .01). Mineralized nodules were formed after PTH induction, and calcium content increased by cetylpyridinium chloride quantitative analysis. Mechanistically, the protein levels of p-ERK and p-P38 significantly increased after PTH treatment, and the inhibitors targeting MAPK were identified that weakened the effects of PTH on the committed differentiation of DPSCs. CONCLUSIONS PTH enhances the osteo/odontogenic differentiation capacity of DPSCs via ERK and P38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zehan Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuanglin Jing
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiamin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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