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Wu G, Wang D, Xiong F, Wang Q, Liu W, Chen J, Chen Y. The emerging roles of CEACAM6 in human cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:27. [PMID: 38240103 PMCID: PMC10836497 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)‑related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is a cell adhesion protein of the CEA family of glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol anchored cell surface glycoproteins. A wealth of research has demonstrated that CEACAM6 is generally upregulated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, non‑small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer and other cancers and promotes tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. The transcriptional expression of CEACAM6 is regulated by various factors, including the CD151/TGF‑β1/Smad3 axis, microRNA (miR)‑146, miR‑26a, miR‑29a/b/c, miR‑128, miR‑1256 and DNA methylation. In addition, the N‑glycosylation of CEACAM6 protein at Asn256 is mediated by α‑1,6‑mannosylglycoptotein 6‑β‑N‑acetylglucosaminyltransferase. In terms of downstream signaling pathways, CEACAM6 promotes tumor proliferation by increasing levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin‑dependent kinase 4 proteins. CEACAM6 can activate the ERK1/2/MAPK or SRC/focal adhesion kinase/PI3K/AKT pathways directly or through EGFR, leading to stimulation of tumor proliferation, invasion, migration, resistance to anoikis and chemotherapy, as well as angiogenesis. This article provides a review of the expression pattern, biological function and relationship with prognosis of CEACAM6 in cancer. In summary, CEACAM6 may be a valuable diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for human cancers exhibiting overexpression of CEACAM6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Wu
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Wenzheng Liu
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China
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Jancewicz I, Śmiech M, Winiarska M, Zagozdzon R, Wisniewski P. New CEACAM-targeting 2A3 single-domain antibody-based chimeric antigen receptor T-cells produce anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:30. [PMID: 38279989 PMCID: PMC10821984 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Recently, a breakthrough immunotherapeutic strategy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells has been introduced to hematooncology. However, to apply this novel treatment in solid cancers, one must identify suitable molecular targets in the tumors of choice. CEACAM family proteins are involved in the progression of a range of malignancies, including pancreatic and breast cancers, and pose attractive targets for anticancer therapies. In this work, we used a new CEACAM-targeted 2A3 single-domain antibody-based chimeric antigen receptor T-cells to evaluate their antitumor properties in vitro and in animal models. Originally, 2A3 antibody was reported to target CEACAM6 molecule; however, our in vitro co-incubation experiments showed activation and high cytotoxicity of 2A3-CAR T-cells against CEACAM5 and/or CEACAM6 high human cell lines, suggesting cross-reactivity of this antibody. Moreover, 2A3-CAR T-cells tested in vivo in the BxPC-3 xenograft model demonstrated high efficacy against pancreatic cancer xenografts in both early and late intervention treatment regimens. Our results for the first time show an enhanced targeting toward CEACAM5 and CEACAM6 molecules by the new 2A3 sdAb-based CAR T-cells. The results strongly support the further development of 2A3-CAR T-cells as a potential treatment strategy against CEACAM5/6-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Jancewicz
- 4Cell Therapies S.A., 59C Bojkowska Street, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Śmiech
- 4Cell Therapies S.A., 59C Bojkowska Street, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Winiarska
- 4Cell Therapies S.A., 59C Bojkowska Street, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Nielubowicza St., Building F, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Zagozdzon
- 4Cell Therapies S.A., 59C Bojkowska Street, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
- Laboratory of Cellular and Genetic Therapies, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 5 Roentgena Street, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Pawel Wisniewski
- 4Cell Therapies S.A., 59C Bojkowska Street, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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Burgos M, Cavero-Redondo I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Galán-Moya EM, Pandiella A, Amir E, Ocaña A. Prognostic value of the immune target CEACAM6 in cancer: a meta-analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359211072621. [PMID: 35082925 PMCID: PMC8785271 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211072621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of membrane proteins differentially expressed on tumor cells is a key step in drug development. The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is a cell adhesion protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Here, we explore the prognostic role CEACAM6 expression on patient outcome in cancer. METHODS A systematic search for studies evaluating the association between tumor expression of CEACAM6 and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was performed. Hazard ratios (HR) were pooled in a meta-analysis using generic inverse variance and random effect modeling. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on tumor type and method of HR extraction. RESULTS Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. CEACAM6 expression was associated with worse OS [HR = 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.51-2.53], and DFS (HR = 2.49, 95% CI = 2.01-3.07) with subgroup analysis showing no significant differences between disease site subgroups. CONCLUSIONS High expression of CEACAM6 is associated with worse OS and DFS in different malignancies. CEACAM6 is a target for the future development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Burgos
- Translational Research Unit, Translational Oncology Laboratory, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, SpainCentro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Castilla-La Mancha University (CRIB-UCLM), Albacete, SpainDepartment of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, SpainRehabilitation in Health Research Center (CIRES), Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Health and Social Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Eva María Galán-Moya
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Castilla-La Mancha University (CRIB-UCLM), Albacete, SpainFaculty of Nursing, Castilla-La Mancha University (UCLM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, SpainCIBERONC, Salamanca, SpainConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eitan Amir
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 610 University Avue, 700U, 7-721, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos and CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, SpainCentro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Castilla-La Mancha University (CRIB-UCLM), Albacete, Spain
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