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Fosnacht KG, Pluth MD. Activity-Based Fluorescent Probes for Hydrogen Sulfide and Related Reactive Sulfur Species. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4124-4257. [PMID: 38512066 PMCID: PMC11141071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is not only a well-established toxic gas but also an important small molecule bioregulator in all kingdoms of life. In contemporary biology, H2S is often classified as a "gasotransmitter," meaning that it is an endogenously produced membrane permeable gas that carries out essential cellular processes. Fluorescent probes for H2S and related reactive sulfur species (RSS) detection provide an important cornerstone for investigating the multifaceted roles of these important small molecules in complex biological systems. A now common approach to develop such tools is to develop "activity-based probes" that couple a specific H2S-mediated chemical reaction to a fluorescent output. This Review covers the different types of such probes and also highlights the chemical mechanisms by which each probe type is activated by specific RSS. Common examples include reduction of oxidized nitrogen motifs, disulfide exchange, electrophilic reactions, metal precipitation, and metal coordination. In addition, we also outline complementary activity-based probes for imaging reductant-labile and sulfane sulfur species, including persulfides and polysulfides. For probes highlighted in this Review, we focus on small molecule systems with demonstrated compatibility in cellular systems or related applications. Building from breadth of reported activity-based strategies and application, we also highlight key unmet challenges and future opportunities for advancing activity-based probes for H2S and related RSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin G. Fosnacht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
| | - Michael D. Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
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Aggarwal T, Wang L, Gutierrez B, Guven H, Erguven H, Izgu EC. A Small-Molecule Approach to Bypass In Vitro Selection of New Aptamers: Designer Pre-Ligands Turn Baby Spinach into Sensors for Reactive Inorganic Targets. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.29.551132. [PMID: 38168427 PMCID: PMC10760011 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.29.551132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent light-up aptamer (FLAP) systems are promising biosensing platforms that can be genetically encoded. Here, we describe how a single FLAP that works with specific organic ligands can detect multiple, structurally unique, non-fluorogenic, and reactive inorganic targets. We developed 4-O-functionalized benzylidene imidazolinones as pre-ligands with suppressed fluorescent binding interactions with the RNA aptamer Baby Spinach. Inorganic targets, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), can specifically convert these pre-ligands into the native benzylidene imidazolinones, and thus be detected with Baby Spinach. Adaptation of this approach to live cells opened a new opportunity for top-down construction of whole-cell sensors: Escherichia coli transformed with a Baby Spinach-encoding plasmid and incubated with pre-ligands generated fluorescence in response to exogenous H2S or H2O2. Our approach eliminates the requirement of in vitro selection of a new aptamer sequence for molecular target detection, allows for the detection of short-lived targets, thereby advancing FLAP systems beyond their current capabilities. Leveraging the functional group reactivity of small molecules can lead to cell-based sensors for inorganic molecular targets, exploiting a new synergism between synthetic organic chemistry and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Bryan Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Hakan Guven
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Huseyin Erguven
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Enver Cagri Izgu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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A “turn-on” chalcone-based probe for hydrogen sulfide and imaging applications in lysosomes of living cells and zebrafish. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Highly Selective Electrochemiluminescence Chemosensor for Sulfide Enabled by Hierarchical Reactivity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5091-5098. [PMID: 35302353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a well-known toxic gas with the odor of rotten eggs. Several reaction-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) chemosensors for H2S have been developed; however, no homogeneous ECL probe with high selectivity toward H2S in aqueous media has been reported. Herein, we report an iridium(III) complex-based ECL chemodosimetric probe employing two 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl (NBD) groups known as a photo-induced electron transfer quencher and a reaction site for the selective detection of H2S; the detection mechanism involves H2S being clearly distinguished from biothiols based on the different cleavage rates of the two NBD groups and extremely weak ECL interferences caused by reaction by-products. The probe was rationally designed to improve selectivity toward H2S within the ECL analysis platform by enabling the removal of nonspecific background signals observed via fluorescence analysis. This analytical system exhibited remarkable selectivity toward H2S, a rapid reaction rate, and high sensitivity (LOD = 57 nM) compared to conventional fluorescence methods. Furthermore, the probe could successfully quantify H2S in tap water samples and commercial ammonium sulfide solutions, which demonstrates the effectiveness of this probe in field monitoring.
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Novel fluorescent probe for the ratiometric detection of β-galactosidase and its application in fruit. Food Chem 2020; 328:127112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yu Y, Li G, Wu D, Zheng F, Zhang X, Liu J, Hu N, Wang H, Wu Y. Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Wines Based on Chemical-Derivatization-Triggered Aggregation-Induced Emission by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:876-883. [PMID: 31670510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A chemical-derivatization-triggered aggregation-induced emission (AIE) method for the highly selective determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in wine matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was developed. The detection strategy was developed based on the chemical derivatization of H2S using a low-cost AIE-active fluorescence derivatization reagent, N-(3-iodine-2-oxopropyl)pyrene methamine (NIPM), to trigger specific AIE at 475 nm, which was red-shifted sharply to the maximum emission wavelength as compared with NIPM monomers of 375 nm, effectively quenching the interference from other thiol-containing compounds. With the aid of specific AIE and the effective separation of HPLC, the proposed method showed high selectivity and sensitivity toward H2S. The limits of detection (LODs) at the sub-nM level of 0.25 nmol/L in the wine-beer sample and 0.30 nmol/L in red wine sample were obtained. To certify its applicability, this proposed strategy was successfully applied for the determination of H2S in wine matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , China
| | - Di Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang 314006 , China
| | - Fuping Zheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety , Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining 810001 , China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining 810001 , China
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment; Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science , China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment , Beijing 100050 , China
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Bartelmess J, Valderrey V, Rurack K. Development of a "Turn-on" Fluorescent Probe-Based Sensing System for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquid and Gas Phase. Front Chem 2019; 7:641. [PMID: 31616654 PMCID: PMC6763594 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A “turn-on” fluorescence sensing system based on a BODIPY-cobaloxime complex for the detection of H2S in liquid and gas phase was developed. To that aim, two cobaloxime complexes bearing an axial pyridyl-BODIPY ligand were initially evaluated as sensitive fluorescent HS− indicators in aqueous solution. The sensing mechanism involves the selective substitution of the BODIPY ligand by the HS− anion at the cobalt center, which is accompanied by a strong fluorescence enhancement. The selection of a complex with an ideal stability and reactivity profile toward HS− relied on the optimal interaction between the cobalt metal-center and two different pyridyl BODIPY ligands. Loading the best performing BODIPY-cobaloxime complex onto a polymeric hydrogel membrane allowed us to study the selectivity of the probe for HS− against different anions and cysteine. Successful detection of H2S by the fluorescent “light-up” membrane was not only accomplished for surface water but could also be demonstrated for relevant H2S concentrations in gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Bartelmess
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Virginia Valderrey
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
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