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Must A, Eliasziw M, Bowling A, Magaña S, Stanish H, Bandini L, Curtin C, Kral TVE. Relationship between Childhood Obesity and Autism Spectrum Disorder Varies by Child's Age and Parents' Weight Status in a Sample of Sibling Dyads. Child Obes 2022. [PMID: 35994016 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to have obesity compared to children without ASD, but studies may report biased estimates because of limitations accounting for potentially important factors that may differ between these two groups of children. This study of siblings in "simplex" families (i.e., families that include only one offspring with ASD) avoids these potential pitfalls. Methods: The Simons Simplex Collection was used to create sibling dyads comprising a child with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of ASD and a full sibling without ASD within the same biological family. Child obesity, determined from measured heights and weights, was compared across three child age strata (4-7.9, 8-10.9, 11-18.0 years) and by parents' weight status using generalized estimating equations log-binomial regression models. Results: Among 1378 sibling dyads, 4-18 years of age, the prevalence of obesity significantly increased with age, with larger sibling differences at older ages. For ages 4-7.9 years, the obesity prevalence for children with ASD was 15.0% compared to 16.2% for siblings (p = 0.57). For ages 11-18.0 years, prevalence for children with ASD was 30.7% compared to 21.4% for siblings (p = 0.003). Parental obesity significantly affected sibling obesity. Conclusion: From this unique data resource that accounted for shared family environments, the prevalence of obesity diverged significantly at older ages between children with ASD and their full siblings without ASD and was associated with parental obesity status similarly for children with and without a diagnosis of ASD. Recognizing these age-related differences has important implications for targeting preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Must
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Misha Eliasziw
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - April Bowling
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, USA
| | - Sandra Magaña
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Heidi Stanish
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Robert and Donna Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda Bandini
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Carol Curtin
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tanja V E Kral
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences (Nursing), School of Nursing and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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