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Wang Y, Peng J, Yang D, Xing Z, Jiang B, Ding X, Jiang C, Ouyang B, Su L. From metabolism to malignancy: the multifaceted role of PGC1α in cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1383809. [PMID: 38774408 PMCID: PMC11106418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1383809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PGC1α, a central player in mitochondrial biology, holds a complex role in the metabolic shifts seen in cancer cells. While its dysregulation is common across major cancers, its impact varies. In some cases, downregulation promotes aerobic glycolysis and progression, whereas in others, overexpression escalates respiration and aggression. PGC1α's interactions with distinct signaling pathways and transcription factors further diversify its roles, often in a tissue-specific manner. Understanding these multifaceted functions could unlock innovative therapeutic strategies. However, challenges exist in managing the metabolic adaptability of cancer cells and refining PGC1α-targeted approaches. This review aims to collate and present the current knowledge on the expression patterns, regulators, binding partners, and roles of PGC1α in diverse cancers. We examined PGC1α's tissue-specific functions and elucidated its dual nature as both a potential tumor suppressor and an oncogenic collaborator. In cancers where PGC1α is tumor-suppressive, reinstating its levels could halt cell proliferation and invasion, and make the cells more receptive to chemotherapy. In cancers where the opposite is true, halting PGC1α's upregulation can be beneficial as it promotes oxidative phosphorylation, allows cancer cells to adapt to stress, and promotes a more aggressive cancer phenotype. Thus, to target PGC1α effectively, understanding its nuanced role in each cancer subtype is indispensable. This can pave the way for significant strides in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianing Peng
- Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dengyuan Yang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongjie Xing
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Ouyang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Zhang S, Liao Z, Li S, Luo Y. Non-metabolic enzyme function of PKM2 in hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35571. [PMID: 37861491 PMCID: PMC10589597 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors with the highest incidence and mortality in the world, causing a serious burden on society. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is one of the principal metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis. Studies have shown that PKM2 is highly expressed in HCC and can be translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with various transcription factors and proteins such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1a, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 and histone H3, exerting non-metabolic enzyme functions to regulate the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, immune escape, migration, and invasion, as well as HCC angiogenesis and tumor microenvironment. This review is focused on the recent progress of PKM2 interacting with various transcription factors and proteins affecting the onset and development of HCC, as well as natural drugs and noncoding RNA impacting diverse biological functions of liver cancer cells by regulating PKM2 non-metabolic enzyme functions, thereby providing valuable directions for the prognosis improvement and molecular targeted therapy of HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhangxiu Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Right River Basin Characteristic Ethnic Medicine Research in Guangxi, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Shubo Li
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
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3
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Xu H, Ba Z, Liu C, Yu X. Long noncoding RNA DLEU1 promotes proliferation and glycolysis of gastric cancer cells via APOC1 upregulation by recruiting SMYD2 to induce trimethylation of H3K4 modification. Transl Oncol 2023; 36:101731. [PMID: 37478669 PMCID: PMC10375852 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES APOC1 has been reported to promote tumor progression. Nevertheless, its impact on cell proliferation and glycolysis in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be probed. Hence, this study explored the related impacts and mechanisms. METHODS DLEU1, SMYD2, and APOC1 expression was detected in GC cells. Afterward, ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were conducted in GC cells, followed by measurement of cell proliferation, glucose uptake capability, lactic acid production, ATP content, extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA expression. In addition, interactions between DLEU1 and SMYD2 were analyzed with RIP and RNA pull down assays, and the binding of SMYD2 to APOC1 promoter and the methylation modification of SMYD2 in H3K4me3 were assessed with a ChIP assay. The ectopic tumor formation experiment in nude mice was conducted for in vivo validation. RESULTS DLEU1, SMYD2, and APOC1 were highly expressed in GC cells. The downregulation of DLEU1 or APOC1 inhibited glucose uptake capability, lactic acid production, ECAR, the expression of GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA, ATP contents, and proliferation but augmented OCR in GC cells, which was also verified in animal experiments. Mechanistically, DLEU1 interacted with SMYD2 and recruited SMYD2 to APOC1 promoter to promote H3K4me3 modification, thus facilitating APOC1 expression. Furthermore, the effects of DLEU1 silencing on GC cell proliferation and glycolysis were negated by overexpressing SMYD2 or APOC1. CONCLUSION LncRNA DLEU1 recruited SMYD2 to upregulate APOC1 expression, thus boosting GC cell proliferation and glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Zhichang Ba
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Chunxun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China.
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4
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Kwon HH, Ahn CH, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Park JE, Park SY, Kim B, Shim BS, Kim SH. The Apoptotic and Anti-Warburg Effects of Brassinin in PC-3 Cells via Reactive Oxygen Species Production and the Inhibition of the c-Myc, SIRT1, and β-Catenin Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13912. [PMID: 37762214 PMCID: PMC10530901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Though Brassinin is known to have antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects in colon, prostate, breast, lung, and liver cancers, the underlying antitumor mechanism of Brassinin is not fully understood so far. Hence, in the current study, the apoptotic mechanism of Brassinin was explored in prostate cancer. Herein, Brassinin significantly increased the cytotoxicity and reduced the expressions of pro-Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), pro-caspase 3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in PC-3 cells compared to DU145 and LNCaP cells. Consistently, Brassinin reduced the number of colonies and increased the sub-G1 population and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the PC-3 cells. Of note, Brassinin suppressed the expressions of pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as glycolytic proteins in the PC-3 cells. Furthermore, Brassinin significantly reduced the expressions of SIRT1, c-Myc, and β-catenin in the PC-3 cells and also disrupted the binding of SIRT1 with β-catenin, along with a protein-protein interaction (PPI) score of 0.879 and spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.47 being observed between SIRT1 and β-catenin. Of note, Brassinin significantly increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the PC-3 cells. Conversely, ROS scavenger NAC reversed the ability of Brassinin to attenuate pro-PARP, pro-Caspase3, SIRT1, and β-catenin in the PC-3 cells. Taken together, these findings support evidence that Brassinin induces apoptosis via the ROS-mediated inhibition of SIRT1, c-Myc, β-catenin, and glycolysis proteins as a potent anticancer candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (H.H.K.); (C.-H.A.); (H.-J.L.); (D.Y.S.); (J.E.P.); (S.-Y.P.); (B.K.); (B.-S.S.)
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Critical Investigation of the Usability of Hepatoma Cell Lines HepG2 and Huh7 as Models for the Metabolic Representation of Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174227. [PMID: 36077764 PMCID: PMC9454736 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are fundamental for the development of diagnostic screening and therapeutic intervention since energy metabolism plays a central role in differentiated hepatocytes. In HCC research, hepatoma cell lines (HCLs) like HepG2 and Huh7 cells are still the gold standard. In this study, we characterized the metabolic profiles of primary human hepatoma cells (PHCs), HCLs and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) to determine their differentiation states. PHCs and PHHs (HCC-PHHs) were isolated from surgical specimens of HCC patients and their energy metabolism was compared to PHHs from non-HCC patients and the HepG2 and Huh7 cells at different levels (transcript, protein, function). Our analyses showed successful isolation of PHCs with a purity of 50–73% (CK18+). The transcript data revealed that changes in mRNA expression levels had already occurred in HCC-PHHs. While many genes were overexpressed in PHCs and HCC-PHHs, the changes were mostly not translated to the protein level. Downregulated metabolic key players of PHCs revealed a correlation with malign transformation and were predominantly pronounced in multilocular HCC. Therefore, HCLs failed to reflect these expression patterns of PHCs at the transcript and protein levels. The metabolic characteristics of PHCs are closer to those of HCC-PHHs than to HCLs. This should be taken into account for future optimized tumor metabolism research.
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Pan Y, Hu GY, Jiang S, Xia SJ, Maher H, Lin ZJ, Mao QJ, Zhao J, Cai LX, Xu YH, Xu JJ, Cai XJ. Development of an Aerobic Glycolysis Index for Predicting the Sorafenib Sensitivity and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637971. [PMID: 34094917 PMCID: PMC8169983 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly tumor with high heterogeneity. Aerobic glycolysis is a common indicator of tumor growth and plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Heterogeneity in distinct metabolic pathways can be used to stratify HCC into clinically relevant subgroups, but these have not yet been well-established. In this study, we constructed a model called aerobic glycolysis index (AGI) as a marker of aerobic glycolysis using genomic data of hepatocellular carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Our results showed that this parameter inferred enhanced aerobic glycolysis activity in tumor tissues. Furthermore, high AGI is associated with poor tumor differentiation and advanced stages and could predict poor prognosis including reduced overall survival and disease-free survival. More importantly, the AGI could accurately predict tumor sensitivity to Sorafenib therapy. Therefore, the AGI may be a promising biomarker that can accurately stratify patients and improve their treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Geng-Yuan Hu
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Shi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Jie Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hendi Maher
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Jiang Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Xin Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Hua Xu
- Department of Oncology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jie Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China
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Mossenta M, Busato D, Dal Bo M, Toffoli G. Glucose Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role and Possible Implications in Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1668. [PMID: 32585931 PMCID: PMC7352479 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metabolism is redirected to glycolysis to enhance the production of metabolic compounds employed by cancer cells to produce proteins, lipids, and nucleotides in order to maintain a high proliferative rate. This mechanism drives towards uncontrolled growth and causes a further increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could lead to cell death. HCC overcomes the problem generated by ROS increase by increasing the antioxidant machinery, in which key mechanisms involve glutathione, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α). These mechanisms could represent optimal targets for innovative therapies. The tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts a key role in HCC pathogenesis and progression. Various metabolic machineries modulate the activity of immune cells in the TME. The deregulated metabolic activity of tumor cells could impair antitumor response. Lactic acid-lactate, derived from the anaerobic glycolytic rate of tumor cells, as well as adenosine, derived from the catabolism of ATP, have an immunosuppressive activity. Metabolic reprogramming of the TME via targeted therapies could enhance the treatment efficacy of anti-cancer immunotherapy. This review describes the metabolic pathways mainly involved in the HCC pathogenesis and progression. The potential targets for HCC treatment involved in these pathways are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mossenta
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy; (M.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Busato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy; (M.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy; (M.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy; (M.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.)
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Guan Y, Cao Z, Du J, Liu T, Wang T. Circular RNA circPITX1 knockdown inhibits glycolysis to enhance radiosensitivity of glioma cells by miR-329-3p/NEK2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:80. [PMID: 32190004 PMCID: PMC7071619 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as vital modulators of human malignancies, including glioma. Whereas, the functional role of circRNA Pituitary Homeo Box 1 (circPITX1) in the radioresistance of glioma cells remains largely uncertain. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or western blot analysis was employed to examine the expression of circPITX1, microRNA (miR)-329-3p and NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2). 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine cell viability. Glycolysis was assessed by commercial kits and western blot analysis. Colony formation assay was conducted to analyze cell survival and clonogenicity capacity. The relationship among circPITX1, miR-329-3p and NEK2 was confirmed via dual-luciferase reporter assay. The in vivo function of circPITX1 was evaluated by tumor xenograft assay. Results Expression of circPITX1 and NEK2 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cells, while miR-329-3p exhibited reverse trend. CircPITX1 knockdown repressed viability, glycolysis and colony formation, but promoted radiosensitivity of glioma cells, as well as inhibited tumor growth in vivo. MiR-329-3p was a target miRNA of circPITX1 and miR-329-3p deficiency reversed knockdown of circPITX1-mediated glycolysis inhibition and radioresistance reduction. MiR-329-3p exerted inhibitory effects on glycolysis and radioresistance of glioma cells by targeting NEK2. CircPITX1 facilitated NEK2 expression by sponging miR-329-3p. Glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) disposition weakened the promoted impact on glycolysis caused by circPITX1. Conclusion CircPITX1 knockdown reduced glycolysis to contribute to radiosensitivity in glioma through miR-329-3p/NEK2 axis, providing a possible mechanism of circPITX1 in the development of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
| | - Jinghua Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
| | - Tingzhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000 Liaoning China
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