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Luo L, Xue J, Shao Z, Zhou Z, Tang W, Liu J, Hu H, Yang F. Recent developments in Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides: Isolation, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1139201. [PMID: 36937857 PMCID: PMC10020221 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, natural polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention and research because of their value in the medicine, beauty and food fields. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a traditional Chinese herb that has been used for thousands of years and has antidiabetic, antifibrotic, neuroprotective, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory and other effects. It mainly includes rosmarinic acid, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, tanshinone IIB, procatechualdehyde, polysaccharide and salvianolic acids. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide is a polysaccharide extracted and isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza and has diverse biological functions, including antioxidation, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory and cardioprotective effect. In this review, the extraction, purification, structural characterization and biological activity of SMPs are summarized and new perspectives for the future work of SMPs were also proposed, we hope our research can provide a reference for further research on SMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Shao
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqian Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongfei Hu
- School of Clinical Medical, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Yang,
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Zheng D, Li X, Chu Y, Li Y, Li D, Ju A, Wu Y, Xie Y, Li W. Interaction study of Salvianolic acids for injection on pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in rats by LC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5463. [PMID: 35895507 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Salvianolic acids for injection (SAI) is developed from traditional Chinese medicine and approved for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Clopidogrel is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, which is often prescribed to patients in combination with SAI. This present study is aiming to assess the influences of SAI on the pharmacogenomics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel, thereby ensuring the safety and efficacy of the co-administration. In vitro Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes assays were performed in human liver microsomes by LC-MS/MS method to assess the metabolites of CYPs substrates. The influences of SAI on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics behavior of clopidogrel were investigated in rats. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, bleeding time and inhibition of platelet aggregation were measured to evaluate the effects of pharmacodynamics. In our study, SAI at the clinical dose has no significant inhibitory effect on clopidogrel-related liver microsomes metabolic CYP450 isoenzymes. Moreover, SAI didn't affect the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel both single dose and multiple dose in rats. In pharmacodynamics study, SAI has no effect on the platelet aggregation rate, PT and APTT time of clopidogrel, but could significantly prevent the risk of bleeding caused by clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China.,Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yazhuo Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Dekun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Aichun Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuesheng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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Combined Therapy with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Antiplatelet Drugs for Ischemic Heart Disease: Mechanism, Efficacy, and Safety. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9956248. [PMID: 34745309 PMCID: PMC8566037 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9956248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a significant risk factor that threatens human health, and antiplatelet drugs are routinely used to treat cases in clinical settings. Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSCM) can often be combined with antiplatelet drugs to treat ischemic heart disease. PBCRBSCM can inhibit platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation; moreover, PBCRBSCM in combination with antiplatelet drugs exerts antiplatelet effects. The mechanism is related to several factors, including the inhibition of platelet activation and aggregation, improvement of the hemodynamic status and coagulation function, and correction of metabolism and inflammation. PBCRBSCM can also regulate the absorption and metabolism of conventional antiplatelet drugs and protect the gastric mucosal epithelial cells against damage induced by conventional antiplatelet drugs. Randomized controlled trials have confirmed that PBCRBSCM preparations and the active ingredients in these preparations can reduce resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel so that the combination of these drugs can exert their antiplatelet effects. In the perioperative treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, and acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention therapy, preparations of the active ingredients of PBCRBSCM combined with antiplatelet drugs and other conventional Western medicine treatments have been proven effective. The efficacy and safety of such combinations have also been extensively verified. Considerable progress has been made to understand the antiplatelet mechanism of PBCRBSCM. However, most clinical studies had problems, such as limited sample size and inappropriate research design, which has limited the translational use of PBCRBSCM in antiplatelet therapy. A large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled study with cardiovascular events as the endpoint is still to be conducted to provide evidence for the combined application of PBCRBSCM and antiplatelet drugs in the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Qin Y, Zheng B, Yang GS, Yang HJ, Zhou J, Yang Z, Zhang XH, Zhao HY, Shi JH, Wen JK. Salvia miltiorrhiza-Derived Sal-miR-58 Induces Autophagy and Attenuates Inflammation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:492-511. [PMID: 32679544 PMCID: PMC7360890 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is associated with the cytoprotection of physiological processes against inflammation and oxidative stress. Salvia miltiorrhiza possesses cardiovascular protective actions and has powerful anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects; however, whether and how Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) protect vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by inducing autophagy across species are unknown. We first screened and identified Sal-miR-58 from Salvia miltiorrhiza as a natural autophagy inducer. Synthetic Sal-miR-58 suppresses chronic angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in mice, as well as induces autophagy in VSMCs and attenuates the inflammatory response elicited by Ang II in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Sal-miR-58 downregulates Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) expression through direct binding to the 3' UTR of KLF3, which in turn relieves KLF3 repression of E3 ubiquitin ligase neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (NEDD4L) expression, whereas NEDD4L upregulation increases the ubiquitination and degradation of the platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase (PFKP), subsequently leading to a decrease in the activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and facilitating VSMC autophagy induced by Sal-miR-58 in the context of chronic Ang II stimulation and aneurysm formation. Our results provide the first evidence that plant-derived Sal-miR-58 induces autophagy and attenuates inflammation in VSMCs through cross-species modulation of the KLF3/NEDD4L/PFKP regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Gao-Shan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Hao-Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Endocrine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050005, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Science and Technology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050005, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Hong-Ye Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jian-Hong Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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