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Scolaro C, Brahimi S, Falcone A, Beghetto V, Visco A. Mechanical and Physical Changes in Bio-Polybutylene-Succinate Induced by UVC Ray Photodegradation. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1288. [PMID: 38732759 PMCID: PMC11085343 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bio-polybutylene succinate (PBS) is a biodegradable polymer obtained from renewable feedstock having physical-mechanical properties like traditional low-density polyethylene (LDPE). PBS is employed by many manufacturing sectors, from biomedical to agri-food and cosmetics. Although some studies have already evaluated the resistance of PBS to photodegradation caused by natural outdoor solar exposure (UVA-UVB), a systematic study on the resistance to degradation caused by exposure to UVC rays, which is the subject of this study, has not yet been carried out. PBS was exposed to UVC either neat or filled with 2% carbon black (CB). Mechanical and physical characterization (tensile, hardness, calorimetry, contact angle, morphology, and surface roughness analyses) indicates that the bulk and surface properties of the polymer matrix changes after exposure to UVC radiations, due to a severe degradation. However, the presence of carbon black compensates for the degradation phenomenon. Because UVC rays are used for the sterilization process, necessary in applications such as biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food, and other products, a comparison of the protocol used in this paper with the literature's data has been reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Scolaro
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C. da Di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Salim Brahimi
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C. da Di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Aurora Falcone
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C. da Di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Valentina Beghetto
- Crossing S.r.l., Viale della Repubblica 193/b, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca’ Foscari of Venice, Via Torino5 155, 30172 Mestre, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi (CIRCC), Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Visco
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C. da Di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.B.); (A.F.)
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—CNR IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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Smola-Dmochowska A, Lewicka K, Macyk A, Rychter P, Pamuła E, Dobrzyński P. Biodegradable Polymers and Polymer Composites with Antibacterial Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087473. [PMID: 37108637 PMCID: PMC10138923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to global health and food security today. It becomes increasingly difficult to treat infectious disorders because antibiotics, even the newest ones, are becoming less and less effective. One of the ways taken in the Global Plan of Action announced at the World Health Assembly in May 2015 is to ensure the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. In order to do so, attempts are made to develop new antimicrobial therapeutics, including biomaterials with antibacterial activity, such as polycationic polymers, polypeptides, and polymeric systems, to provide non-antibiotic therapeutic agents, such as selected biologically active nanoparticles and chemical compounds. Another key issue is preventing food from contamination by developing antibacterial packaging materials, particularly based on degradable polymers and biocomposites. This review, in a cross-sectional way, describes the most significant research activities conducted in recent years in the field of the development of polymeric materials and polymer composites with antibacterial properties. We particularly focus on natural polymers, i.e., polysaccharides and polypeptides, which present a mechanism for combating many highly pathogenic microorganisms. We also attempt to use this knowledge to obtain synthetic polymers with similar antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Smola-Dmochowska
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Kamila Lewicka
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Alicja Macyk
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Rychter
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Dobrzyński
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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Zhao Q, Gao S. Poly (Butylene Succinate)/Silicon Nitride Nanocomposite with Optimized Physicochemical Properties, Biocompatibility, Degradability, and Osteogenesis for Cranial Bone Repair. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040231. [PMID: 36412871 PMCID: PMC9680472 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital disease, tumors, infections, and trauma are the main reasons for cranial bone defects. Herein, poly (butylene succinate) (PB)/silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanocomposites (PSC) with Si3N4 content of 15 w% (PSC15) and 30 w% (PSC30) were fabricated for cranial bone repair. Compared with PB, the compressive strength, hydrophilicity, surface roughness, and protein absorption of nanocomposites were increased with the increase in Si3N4 content (from 15 w% to 30 w%). Furthermore, the cell adhesion, multiplication, and osteoblastic differentiation on PSC were significantly enhanced with the Si3N4 content increasing in vitro. PSC30 exhibited optimized physicochemical properties (compressive strength, surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and protein adsorption) and cytocompatibility. The m-CT and histological results displayed that the new bone formation for SPC30 obviously increased compared with PB, and PSC30 displayed proper degradability (75.3 w% at 12 weeks) and was gradually replaced by new bone tissue in vivo. The addition of Si3N4 into PB not only optimized the surface performances of PSC but also improved the degradability of PSC, which led to the release of Si ions and a weak alkaline environment that significantly promoted cell response and tissue regeneration. In short, the enhancements of cellular responses and bone regeneration of PSC30 were attributed to the synergism of the optimized surface performances and slow release of Si ion, and PSC30 were better than PB. Accordingly, PSC30, with good biocompatibility and degradability, displayed a promising and huge potential for cranial bone construction.
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Iyigundogdu Z, Basar B, Couvreur R, Tamrakar S, Yoon J, Ersoy OG, Sahin F, Mielewski D, Kiziltas A. Thermoplastic elastomers containing antimicrobial and antiviral additives for mobility applications. COMPOSITES. PART B, ENGINEERING 2022; 242:110060. [PMID: 35754456 PMCID: PMC9212865 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has been shown through droplets generated by infected people when coughing, sneezing, or talking in close contact. These droplets either reach the next person directly or land on nearby surfaces. The objective of this study is to develop a novel, durable, and effective disinfecting antimicrobial (antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal) styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) based thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). TPE incorporated with six different formulations was investigated for mechanical and antiviral performance. The formulations consist of a combination of zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB), disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), and chlorhexidine (CHX). ZnPT and DOT incorporated TPE showed a reduction of microbes such as bacteria by up to 99.99%, deactivated Adenovirus, Poliovirus, Norovirus, and reduced a strain of the coronavirus family by 99.95% in 60 min on TPE samples. Control samples had higher tensile strengths among all formulations and tensile strength decreased by around 14%, 21% and 27% for ZnPT and DOT combinations compared to control samples. The elongation at break decreased by around 7%, 9% and 12% with ZnPT and DOT combinations, where it reached minimum values of 720%, 702% and 684%, respectively. The 100% Modulus and 300% Modulus slightly increased with ZnPT and NaB combination (reaching values from 1.6 to 1.9 MPa and 2.6-2.9 MPa respectively) in comparison with control samples. The MFI also decreased with antimicrobial and antiviral additives (decreasing values from 64.8 to 43.3 g/10 min). ZnPT and NaB combination showed the lowest MFI (43.3 g/10 min) and reduced the MFI of control sample by around 33%. TPE samples containing ZnPT and DOT combination showed biocidal activity against the microorganisms tested and can be used to develop antimicrobial products for multiple touchpoints within a vehicle and micro-mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Iyigundogdu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, 01250, Saricam, Adana, Turkey
| | - Basak Basar
- Ravago Petrokimya Üretim A.Ş., R&D Center, Taysad OSB 1. Cd. No:18 Çayırova, Kocaeli, 41420, Turkey
| | - Rachel Couvreur
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Innovation Center, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Sandeep Tamrakar
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Innovation Center, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Jaewon Yoon
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Innovation Center, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Osman G Ersoy
- Ravago Petrokimya Üretim A.Ş., R&D Center, Taysad OSB 1. Cd. No:18 Çayırova, Kocaeli, 41420, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Deborah Mielewski
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Innovation Center, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Alper Kiziltas
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Innovation Center, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
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Sukthavorn K, Nootsuwan N, Jongrungruangchok S, Veranitisagul C, Koonsaeng N, Laobuthee A. Effect of nano‐silver coated carbon black on curing, mechanical, antimicrobial, and electrical properties of natural rubber composite. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kankavee Sukthavorn
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Nollapan Nootsuwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Chatchai Veranitisagul
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Nattamon Koonsaeng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Apirat Laobuthee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
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Effect of Silver Nanopowder on Mechanical, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties of Kenaf/HDPE Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223928. [PMID: 34833227 PMCID: PMC8620207 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of AgNPs on the mechanical, thermal and antimicrobial activity of kenaf/HDPE composites. AgNP material was prepared at different contents, from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 to 10 wt%, by an internal mixer and hot compression at a temperature of 150 °C. Mechanical (tensile, modulus and elongation at break), thermal (TGA and DSC) and antimicrobial tests were performed to analyze behavior and inhibitory effects. The obtained results indicate that the effect of AgNP content displays improved tensile and modulus properties, as well as thermal and antimicrobial properties. The highest tensile stress is 5.07 MPa and was obtained at 10wt, TGA showed 10 wt% and had improved thermal stability and DSC showed improved stability with increased AgNP content. The findings of this study show the potential of incorporating AgNP concentrations as a secondary substitute to improve the performance in terms of mechanical, thermal and antimicrobial properties without treatment. The addition of AgNP content in polymer composite can be used as a secondary filler to improve the properties.
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Abstract
Fly ash (FA) is produced from coal power plants’ combustion. FA is used in the concrete industry, as an ingredient in the brick and paving. Knowledge of the chemical composition and toxic metal content in FA is essential for evaluating its environmental risks. This study aimed to assess FA purification effect on its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, by calculating percent bacterial reduction. Moreover, centrifugation time effect on the purification process was evaluated. Chemical composition and properties of purified FA were determined and compared with raw FA, using Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR); X-ray diffraction (XRD); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); energy-dispersive X-ray (EDXA); carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS) elemental analysis; moisture content; and loss-of-ignition. Particle size was predicted by using dynamic laser scattering, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CHNS results showed that purified FA contains the highest carbon content (88.9%), as compared to raw FA (82.1%). The particle size distribution (PSD) of FA microspheres ranges from 48.53 ± 17.9 to 52.98 ± 19.4 µm by using SEM. PSD, using dynamic laser scattering, showed polydispersed and non-uniform size in raw FA, ranging in size from 107.1 to 1027 nm, while purified FA manifests a monodispersed size from 103.3 to 127.3 nm. FA showed the least bacterial growth reduction %, while the purified fly ash (FA2) showed the highest bacterial growth reduction %, as compared to the control bacterial broth culture without fly ash.
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