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Guarino B, Katari V, Adapala R, Bhavnani N, Dougherty J, Khan M, Paruchuri S, Thodeti C. Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Induce Abnormal Angiogenesis via TRPV4 Downregulation and Subsequent Activation of YAP and VEGFR2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:790489. [PMID: 35004649 PMCID: PMC8733651 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.790489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is initiated and maintained by the tumor microenvironment through secretion of autocrine and paracrine factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Although tumor-derived EVs (t-EVs) have been implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth and metastasis, most studies on t-EVs are focused on proangiogenic miRNAs and growth factors. We have recently demonstrated that conditioned media from human lung tumor cells (A549) downregulate TRPV4 channels and transform normal endothelial cells to a tumor endothelial cell-like phenotype and induce abnormal angiogenesis in vitro, via t-EVs. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of t-EVs on endothelial cell phenotypic transition and abnormal angiogenesis in vivo remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that t-EVs downregulate TRPV4 expression post-translationally and induce abnormal angiogenesis by activating Rho/Rho kinase/YAP/VEGFR2 pathways. Further, we demonstrate that t-EVs induce abnormal vessel formation in subcutaneously implanted Matrigel plugs in vivo (independent of tumors), which are characterized by increased VEGFR2 expression and reduced pericyte coverage. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that t-EVs induce abnormal angiogenesis via TRPV4 downregulation-mediated activation of Rho/Rho kinase/YAP/VEGFR2 pathways and suggest t-EVs and TRPV4 as novel targets for vascular normalization and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Guarino
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Venkatesh Katari
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Ravi Adapala
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Neha Bhavnani
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Julie Dougherty
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sailaja Paruchuri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Charles Thodeti
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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Predicting liver metastases growth patterns: Current status and future possibilities. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 71:42-51. [PMID: 32679190 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is highly incident worldwide and presents a health burden with elevated mortality rate despite prevention, detection, and treatment, mainly due to metastatic liver disease. Histological growth patterns of colorectal cancer liver metastases have emerged as a reproducible prognostic factor, with biological implications and therapeutic windows. Nonetheless, the histological growth patterns of colorectal cancer liver metastases are only known after pathological examination of a liver resection specimen, thus limiting the possibilities of pre-surgical decision. Predicting the histological growth pattern of colorectal cancer liver metastases would provide valuable information for patient-tailored medicine. In this article, we perform a review of the histological growth patterns and their implications, with a focus on the possibilities for their prediction.
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