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Huang J, Ma Z, Peng X, Yang Z, Wu Y, Zhong G, Ouyang T, Chen Z, Liu Y, Wang Q, Chen J, Chen T, Zeng Z. Discovery of Novel Potent and Fast BTK PROTACs for the Treatment of Osteoclasts-Related Inflammatory Diseases. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2438-2465. [PMID: 38321747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an attractive target in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the effectiveness of BTK inhibitors is limited by side effects and drug resistance. In this study, we report the development of novel BTK proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) with different classes of BTK-targeting ligands (e.g., spebrutinib) other than ibrutinib. Compound 23 was identified as a potent and fast BTK PROTAC degrader, exhibiting outstanding degradation potency and efficiency in Mino cells (DC50, 4 h = 1.29 ± 0.3 nM, t1/2, 20 nM = 0.59 ± 0.20 h). Furthermore, compound 23 forms a stable ternary complex, as confirmed by the HTRF assay. Notably, 23 down-regulated the BTK-PLCγ2-Ca2+-NFATc1 signaling pathway activated by RANKL, thus inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and attenuating alveolar bone resorption in a mouse periodontitis model. These findings suggest that compound 23 is a potent and promising candidate for osteoclast-related inflammatory diseases, expanding the potential of BTK PROTACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zeli Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaopeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 314000, China
| | - Zichao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Guanghong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tianfeng Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qirui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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Zheng H, Liu Y, Deng Y, Li Y, Liu S, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Li B, Sheng W, Liu J, Peng C, Wang W, Yu H. Recent advances of NFATc1 in rheumatoid arthritis-related bone destruction: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Mol Med 2024; 30:20. [PMID: 38310228 PMCID: PMC10838448 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial tissue and joint bone destruction, often leading to significant disability. The main pathological manifestation of joint deformity in RA patients is bone destruction, which occurs due to the differentiation and proliferation of osteoclasts. The transcription factor nuclear factor-activated T cell 1 (NFATc1) plays a crucial role in this process. The regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclast differentiation is influenced by three main factors. Firstly, NFATc1 is activated through the upstream nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling pathway. Secondly, the Ca2+-related co-stimulatory signaling pathway amplifies NFATc1 activity. Finally, negative regulation of NFATc1 occurs through the action of cytokines such as B-cell Lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6), interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), MAF basic leucine zipper transcription factor B (MafB), and LIM homeobox 2 (Lhx2). These three phases collectively govern NFATc1 transcription and subsequently affect the expression of downstream target genes including TRAF6 and NF-κB. Ultimately, this intricate regulatory network mediates osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and the degradation of both organic and inorganic components of the bone matrix. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in understanding the mechanism of NFATc1 in the context of RA-related bone destruction and discusses potential therapeutic agents that target NFATc1, with the aim of offering valuable insights for future research in the field of RA. To assess their potential as therapeutic agents for RA, we conducted a drug-like analysis of potential drugs with precise structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuexuan Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yasi Deng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yunzhe Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wenbing Sheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jinzhi Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Caiyun Peng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Huanghe Yu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Dong W, Gong Y, Yang B, Li B. Bioinformatics analysis and reveal potential crosstalk genetic and immune relationships between atherosclerosis and periodontitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10381. [PMID: 37369700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory and immune-related disease with links to several systemic diseases, and the pathological process of atherosclerosis also involves inflammatory and immune involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the common immune cells and potential crosstalk genes between periodontitis (PD) and atherosclerosis (AS). By analyzing the weighted gene co-expression network of differentially immune infiltrating cells in two diseases to obtain important module genes, and taking the intersection of the module genes, we obtained 14 co-expressed immune-related genes, and evaluated the predictive value of 14 immune-related genes using three machine learning models.Two potential immune-related crosstalk genes (BTK and ITGAL) were finally obtained by taking intersections of WGCNA intersection genes, DEGs and IRGs.Then, the diagnostic column line graphs were constructed based on the 2 crosstalk genes, and the calibration curves, DCA curves and clinical impact curves indicated that the two genes had strong disease prediction ability, and we further validated the accuracy of the two potential crosstalk genes for disease diagnosis in the validation dataset.Single gene GSEA analysis showed that both genes are jointly involved in biological processes such as antigen presentation and immune regulation, and single sample GSEA analysis showed that macrophages and T cells play an important role in periodontitis in atherosclerosis.This study explored the genetic correlation between atherosclerosis and periodontitis using bioinformatics tools. BTK and ITGAL were found to be the most important crosstalk genes between the two diseases and may have an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. Macrophage and T cell mediated inflammatory and immune responses may play an important role in periodontitis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Dong
- Second hospital of Shanxi medical university, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Yuxin Gong
- Second hospital of Shanxi medical university, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Second hospital of Shanxi medical university, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Bao Li
- Second hospital of Shanxi medical university, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
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Liu J, Wang J, Ren J, Yang Q, Zhan W, Wang M, Hao L, Yue Y. Inhibition of receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 in the necroptosis pathway attenuates inflammatory bone loss in experimental apical periodontitis in Balb/c mice. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1538-1547. [PMID: 33896018 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the role of necroptosis in apical periodontitis (AP), this study investigated necroptosis in a Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn)-induced AP model of Balb/c mice and explored related intracellular signalling pathways in L929 cells affected by Fn. METHODOLOGY For the in vivo experiments, expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) was inhibited using an adeno-associated virus and then the Balb/c mice model of AP was established by injecting Fn into the root canal of the first mandibular molars. Bone loss and number of osteoclasts were measured via micro-computed tomography and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, respectively; expression of RIP3 and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL) was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting; expression of mRNA of inflammatory cytokines was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). For the in vitro experiments, L929 cells transfected with RIP3-Mus-siRNA or negative control siRNA were co-cultured with Fn; thereafter, western blotting, detection of cell death and viability and qRT-PCR analyses were performed to assess the activation of necroptosis pathway and expression of mRNA of inflammatory cytokines. Data were analysed with unpaired t-test and one-way analysis of variance with significance set at p < .05. RESULTS The Fn-induced apical lesions were associated with apical bone loss, an increased number of osteoclasts, enhanced expression of pMLKL and increased mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines(IL-1α and IL-1β); all these effects were alleviated by RIP3 inhibition (p < .05). L929 cells infected with Fn displayed increased expression of pMLKL and increased cell death (p < .05), together with decreased cell viability (p < .05), whilst transfection with RIP3-Mus-siRNA decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α and IL-6, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Necroptosis may be involved in AP progression. RIP3 inhibition ameliorated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and bone resorption in Fn-induced AP lesions in Balb/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Weicheng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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