1
|
Saldanha Melo H, Monnerat JADS, Costa NDS, Bento Bernardes T, Magliano DC, Pereira AD, Almeida PP, Lima GF, Ferreira de Brito FC, Stockler Pinto MB, Kindlovits R, Nogueira AB, Sepúlveda-Fragoso V, Nóbrega ACLD, Motta NAVD, Medeiros RF. Impact of Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.) Supplementation on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and the Vascular Reactivity of Wistar Rats When Submitted to a Hypersodium Diet. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:559-568. [PMID: 34156903 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1925995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introdution: Endothelium integrity is a key that maintains vascular homeostasis but it can suffer irreversible damage by blood pressure changes, reflecting an imbalance in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.) (BN) supplementation (10% in chow, wt/wt) on the vascular reactivity of Wistar rats during chronic exposure to a sodium overload (1% in water).Methods: First, male Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: Control Group (CG) and the Hypersodic Group (HG) for 4 weeks. Afterward, the CG was divided into the Brazil Nut Group (BNG) and the HG Group into the Hypersodic Brazil Nut Group (HBNG) for a further 8 weeks, totaling 4 groups. Blood pressure was measured during the protocol. At the end of the protocol, the vascular reactivity procedure was performed. Glucose, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation were analyzed in the serum. Body composition was determined by the carcass technique.Results: The groups that were supplemented with the BN chow presented less body mass gain and body fat mass, together with lower serum glucose levels. The HG Group presented an increase in blood pressure and a higher platelet aggregation, while the BN supplementation was able to blunt this effect. The HG Group also showed an increase in contractile response that was phenylephrine-induced and a decrease in maximum relaxation that was acetylcholine-induced when compared to the other groups.Conclusion: The BN supplementation was able to prevent an impaired vascular function in the early stages of arterial hypertension, while also improving body composition, serum glucose, and platelet aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Saldanha Melo
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia da Silva Costa
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thais Bento Bernardes
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Morphological and Metabolic Analyses, Department of Morphology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline D'Avila Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pereira Almeida
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ferreira Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Ferreira de Brito
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler Pinto
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Nutrition Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel Kindlovits
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anna Beatriz Nogueira
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Sepúlveda-Fragoso
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Lucas da Nóbrega
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nadia Alice Vieira da Motta
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Frauches Medeiros
- Cardiovascular Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Nutrition Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Because arginine is the substrate for nitric oxide synthesis, which is pivotal to vascular homeostasis and linked to the insulin response, it has long been posited that supplemental arginine could benefit cardiometabolic health. RECENT FINDINGS Recent data have supported the view that supplemental arginine could alleviate the initiation and development of endothelial dysfunction and also shown that it may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. One important finding is that these effects may indeed vary as a function of the amount of arginine, its form and notably the metabolic status of the population. Some studies have shown that low doses of slow-release arginine are better used for nitric oxide synthesis and beneficial in individuals with abnormal arginine metabolism/bioavailability. Pathophysiological data in rodents have emphasized the importance of arginase activation during the development of cardiometabolic risk, which lends credence to a potential benefit for arginine supplements. Likewise, epidemiological evidence suggests that alterations to arginine bioavailability are important regarding the cardiometabolic risk. However, other metabolic mechanisms linked to the multiple pathways of arginine metabolism may also play a role. SUMMARY Further studies are needed to confirm and analyze how and when supplemental arginine is beneficial to cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Mariotti
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|