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Morales-Ubaldo AL, Rivero-Perez N, Valladares-Carranza B, Madariaga-Navarrete A, Higuera-Piedrahita RI, Delgadillo-Ruiz L, Bañuelos-Valenzuela R, Zaragoza-Bastida A. Phytochemical Compounds and Pharmacological Properties of Larrea tridentata. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175393. [PMID: 36080156 PMCID: PMC9458016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, traditional medicine from plants (phytotherapy) was the only treatment for infectious and non-infectious diseases. Although it is still practiced in several countries with excellent therapeutic results, it is frequently underestimated because, unlike Western medicine, it is not based on an empirical scientific foundation. However, interest in the search for plant-based therapeutic resources has been stimulated by disciplines such as phytochemistry and the side effects of conventional pharmacological therapies. For example, Larrea tridentata is a perennial shrub used in traditional medicine in northern Mexico and the southern United States to treat infertility, rheumatism, arthritis, colds, diarrhea, skin problems, pain, inflammation and excess body weight. Scientific research has revealed its beneficial effects—antioxidant, antitumor, neuroprotective, regenerative, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal and insecticidal—although reports indicate that some compounds in Larrea tridentata may be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic. Therefore, the aim of this review was to highlight the updates regarding phytochemical compounds and the pharmacological properties of Larrea tridentata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca 50090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Madariaga-Navarrete
- Área Académica de Ciencias Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isabel Higuera-Piedrahita
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán 54714, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Kilómetro 31.5 Carretera Panamerica, Fresnillo 98500, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Rómulo Bañuelos-Valenzuela
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Kilómetro 31.5 Carretera Panamerica, Fresnillo 98500, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Jain P, Hassan N, Khatoon K, Mirza MA, Naseef PP, Kuruniyan MS, Iqbal Z. Periodontitis and Systemic Disorder-An Overview of Relation and Novel Treatment Modalities. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1175. [PMID: 34452136 PMCID: PMC8398110 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a major oral disease, affects a vast majority of the population but has been often ignored without realizing its long-fetched effects on overall human health. A realization in recent years of its association with severe diseases such as carditis, low birth weight babies, and preeclampsia has instigated dedicated research in this area. In the arena of periodontal medicines, the studies of past decades suggest a link between human periodontal afflictions and certain systemic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, respiratory disorders, preterm birth, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Although, the disease appears as a locoregional infection, the periodontal pathogens, in addition their metabolic products and systemic mediators, receive access to the bloodstream, thereby contributing to the development of systemic disorders. Mechanism-based insights into the disease pathogenesis and association are highly relevant and shall be useful in avoiding any systemic complications. This review presents an update of the mechanisms and relationships between chronic periodontal infection and systemic disorders. Attention is also given to highlighting the incidence in support of this relationship. In addition, an attempt is made to propose the various periodonto-therapeutic tools to apprise the readers about the availability of appropriate treatment for the disease at the earliest stage without allowing it to progress and cause systemic adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (P.J.); (N.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Nazia Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (P.J.); (N.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Karishma Khatoon
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (P.J.); (N.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Mohd. Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (P.J.); (N.H.); (K.K.)
| | | | - Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (P.J.); (N.H.); (K.K.)
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