1
|
Carrasco G, Stavrou I, Treanor-Taylor M, Beetham H, Lee M, Masalmeh R, Carreras-Soldevila A, Hardman D, Bernabeu MO, von Kriegsheim A, Inman GJ, Byron A, Brunton VG. Involvement of Kindlin-1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:24. [PMID: 38982038 PMCID: PMC11233684 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Kindler syndrome (KS) is a rare genodermatosis resulting from loss-of-function mutations in FERMT1, the gene that encodes Kindlin-1. KS patients have a high propensity to develop aggressive and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Here we show in non-KS-associated patients that elevation of FERMT1 expression is increased in actinic keratoses compared to normal skin, with a further increase in cSCC supporting a pro-tumorigenic role in this population. In contrast, we show that loss of Kindlin-1 leads to increased SCC tumor growth in vivo and in 3D spheroids, which was associated with the development of a hypoxic tumor environment and increased glycolysis. The metalloproteinase Mmp13 was upregulated in Kindlin-1-depleted tumors, and increased expression of MMP13 was responsible for driving increased invasion of the Kindlin-1-depleted SCC cells. These results provide evidence that Kindlin-1 loss in SCC can promote invasion through the upregulation of MMP13, and offer novel insights into how Kindlin-1 loss leads to the development of a hypoxic environment that is permissive for tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Carrasco
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
| | - Ifigeneia Stavrou
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | | | - Henry Beetham
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Martin Lee
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Roza Masalmeh
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Artur Carreras-Soldevila
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - David Hardman
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Miguel O Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, UK
- The Bayes Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9BT, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Gareth J Inman
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Adam Byron
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gelmi MC, de Ru AH, van Veelen PA, Tjokrodirijo RTN, Stern MH, Houy A, Verdijk RM, Vu THK, Ksander BR, Vaarwater J, Kilic E, Brosens E, Jager MJ. Protein and mRNA Expression in Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines Are Related to GNA and BAP1 Mutation Status. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:37. [PMID: 39042403 PMCID: PMC11268447 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.8.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cell lines are being used in preclinical uveal melanoma (UM) research. Because not all cell lines harbor typical GNAQ or GNA11 hotspot mutations, we aimed at better classifying them and determining whether we could find genetic causes to explain the protein and mRNA expression profiles of the cell lines. Methods We studied protein and mRNA expression of 14 UM cell lines and determined the presence of single nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions with next-generation sequencing and copy number alterations with a single nucleotide polymorphism array. The lists of differentially expressed proteins and genes were merged, and shared lists were created, keeping only terms with concordant mRNA and protein expression. Enrichment analyses were performed on the shared lists. Results Cell lines Mel285 and Mel290 are separate from GNA-mutated cell lines and show downregulation of melanosome-related markers. Both lack typical UM mutations but each harbors four putatively deleterious variants in CTNNB1, PPP1R10, LIMCH1, and APC in Mel285 and ARID1A, PPP1R10, SPG11, and RNF43 in Mel290. The upregulated terms in Mel285 and Mel290 did not point to a convincing alternative origin. Mel285 shows loss of chromosomes 1p, 3p, partial 3q, 6, and partial 8p, whereas Mel290 shows loss of 1p and 6. Expression in the other 12 cell lines was related to BAP1 expression. Conclusions Although Mel285 and Mel290 have copy number alterations that fit UM, multi-omics analyses show that they belong to a separate group compared to the other analyzed UM cell lines. Therefore, they may not be representative models to test potential therapeutic targets for UM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Gelmi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud H. de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A. van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marc-Henri Stern
- Inserm U830, DNA Repair and Uveal Melanoma (D.R.U.M.), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Houy
- Inserm U830, DNA Repair and Uveal Melanoma (D.R.U.M.), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Robert M. Verdijk
- Department of Pathology, Ophthalmic Pathology Section, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - T. H. Khanh Vu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce R. Ksander
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jolanda Vaarwater
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emine Kilic
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The TFIIS N-terminal domain (TND): a transcription assembly module at the interface of order and disorder. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:125-135. [PMID: 36651856 PMCID: PMC9987994 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interaction scaffolds that selectively recognize disordered protein strongly shape protein interactomes. An important scaffold of this type that contributes to transcription is the TFIIS N-terminal domain (TND). The TND is a five-helical bundle that has no known enzymatic activity, but instead selectively reads intrinsically disordered sequences of other proteins. Here, we review the structural and functional properties of TNDs and their cognate disordered ligands known as TND-interacting motifs (TIMs). TNDs or TIMs are found in prominent members of the transcription machinery, including TFIIS, super elongation complex, SWI/SNF, Mediator, IWS1, SPT6, PP1-PNUTS phosphatase, elongin, H3K36me3 readers, the transcription factor MYC, and others. We also review how the TND interactome contributes to the regulation of transcription. Because the TND is the most significantly enriched fold among transcription elongation regulators, TND- and TIM-driven interactions have widespread roles in the regulation of many transcriptional processes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Moreno-Andrés D, Holl K, Antonin W. The second half of mitosis and its implications in cancer biology. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:1-17. [PMID: 36436712 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus undergoes dramatic structural and functional changes during cell division. With the entry into mitosis, in human cells the nuclear envelope breaks down, chromosomes rearrange into rod-like structures which are collected and segregated by the spindle apparatus. While these processes in the first half of mitosis have been intensively studied, much less is known about the second half of mitosis, when a functional nucleus reforms in each of the emerging cells. Here we review our current understanding of mitotic exit and nuclear reformation with spotlights on the links to cancer biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moreno-Andrés
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Kristin Holl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfram Antonin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vervoort SJ, Devlin JR, Kwiatkowski N, Teng M, Gray NS, Johnstone RW. Targeting transcription cycles in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:5-24. [PMID: 34675395 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Accurate control of gene expression is essential for normal development and dysregulation of transcription underpins cancer onset and progression. Similar to cell cycle regulation, RNA polymerase II-driven transcription can be considered as a unidirectional multistep cycle, with thousands of unique transcription cycles occurring in concert within each cell. Each transcription cycle comprises recruitment, initiation, pausing, elongation, termination and recycling stages that are tightly controlled by the coordinated action of transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases and their cognate cyclins as well as the opposing activity of transcriptional phosphatases. Oncogenic dysregulation of transcription can entail defective control of gene expression, either at select loci or more globally, impacting a large proportion of the genome. The resultant dependency on the core-transcriptional machinery is believed to render 'transcriptionally addicted' cancers sensitive to perturbation of transcription. Based on these findings, small molecules targeting transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases and associated proteins hold promise for the treatment of cancer. Here, we utilize the transcription cycles concept to explain how dysregulation of these finely tuned gene expression processes may drive tumorigenesis and how therapeutically beneficial responses may arise from global or selective transcriptional perturbation. This conceptual framework helps to explain tumour-selective transcriptional dependencies and facilitates the rational design of combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephin J Vervoort
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas Kwiatkowski
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingxing Teng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, CHEM-H and SCI, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matos B, Howl J, Jerónimo C, Fardilha M. Modulation of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes: A promising approach in cancer treatment. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2680-2698. [PMID: 34390863 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic options, tumor heterogeneity and chemoresistance have limited the success of these treatments, and the development of effective anticancer therapies remains a major focus in oncology research. The serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and its complexes have been recognized as potential drug targets. Research on the modulation of PP1 complexes is currently at an early stage, but has immense potential. Chemically diverse compounds have been developed to disrupt or stabilize different PP1 complexes in various cancer types, with the objective of inhibiting disease progression. Beneficial results obtained in vitro now require further pre-clinical and clinical validation. In conclusion, the modulation of PP1 complexes seems to be a promising, albeit challenging, therapeutic strategy for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Matos
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - John Howl
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|