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Hellbach F, Sinke L, Costeira R, Baumeister SE, Beekman M, Louca P, Leeming ER, Mompeo O, Berry S, Wilson R, Wawro N, Freuer D, Hauner H, Peters A, Winkelmann J, Koenig W, Meisinger C, Waldenberger M, Heijmans BT, Slagboom PE, Bell JT, Linseisen J. Pooled analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of food consumption in KORA, TwinsUK and LLS. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1357-1375. [PMID: 36571600 PMCID: PMC10030421 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examining epigenetic patterns is a crucial step in identifying molecular changes of disease pathophysiology, with DNA methylation as the most accessible epigenetic measure. Diet is suggested to affect metabolism and health via epigenetic modifications. Thus, our aim was to explore the association between food consumption and DNA methylation. METHODS Epigenome-wide association studies were conducted in three cohorts: KORA FF4, TwinsUK, and Leiden Longevity Study, and 37 dietary exposures were evaluated. Food group definition was harmonized across the three cohorts. DNA methylation was measured using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip in KORA and Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in the Leiden study and the TwinsUK study. Overall, data from 2293 middle-aged men and women were included. A fixed-effects meta-analysis pooled study-specific estimates. The significance threshold was set at 0.05 for false-discovery rate-adjusted p values per food group. RESULTS We identified significant associations between the methylation level of CpG sites and the consumption of onions and garlic (2), nuts and seeds (18), milk (1), cream (11), plant oils (4), butter (13), and alcoholic beverages (27). The signals targeted genes of metabolic health relevance, for example, GLI1, RPTOR, and DIO1, among others. CONCLUSION This EWAS is unique with its focus on food groups that are part of a Western diet. Significant findings were mostly related to food groups with a high-fat content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hellbach
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Lucy Sinke
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Costeira
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, England, UK
| | - Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Marian Beekman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Panayiotis Louca
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, England, UK
| | - Emily R Leeming
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, England, UK
| | - Olatz Mompeo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, England, UK
| | - Sarah Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rory Wilson
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nina Wawro
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Freuer
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Center for Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD E.V.), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstr. 8A & 9, 80336, Munich, Germany
- German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 22, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD E.V.), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstr. 8A & 9, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, England, UK
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
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Aslam A, Sheikh N, Shahzad M, Saeed G, Fatima N, Akhtar T. Quercetin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis and oxidative stress by antagonizing the Hedgehog signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1356-1365. [PMID: 35696520 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as a potential target for effectual hepatic repair based on convincing clinical and preclinical evidence that proves its significance in regulating hepatic damage. The purpose of this study is to probe the effect of quercetin on liver fibrosis through the modulation of the Hh pathway. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10). The control group was treated with saline, rats in the remaining three groups received twice a week intoxication with intraperitoneal injections of thioacetamide (200 mg/kg) for the induction of hepatic fibrosis for 6 weeks. After 28 days of quercetin and silymarin treatment, histological changes, serum biochemical index, antioxidant enzyme activity, key mediators of Hh pathway and inflammation were analyzed. Serological analysis showed statistically improved cholesterol, H.D.L-Cholesterol, and L.D.L-Cholesterol in the treatment groups. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were found to be increased after the treatment with quercetin and silymarin. mRNA expression of important mediators of the Hh signaling, and inflammation including Shh, Ihh, Ptch-1, Smo, Hhip, Gli-3, TNF-α, NFκ-β, and Socs-3 were significantly downregulated after the use of quercetin and silymarin. Quercetin also minimized the thioacetamide-induced histopathological changes, as confirmed by a lower degree of hepatic lobule degeneration, the intralobular occurrence of inflammatory cells, and a lower degree of hepatocytic necrosis. Sudan Black B staining showed remarked lipids improvements in the treatment groups. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that quercetin could ameliorate hepatic fibrosis by antagonizing the hedgehog pathway and also suggest the hedgehog pathway as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Aslam
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Saeed
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naz Fatima
- Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Mehmood R, Sheikh N, Khawar MB, Abbasi MH, Mukhtar M. High-fat diet intake ameliorates the expression of hedgehog signaling pathway in adult rat liver. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1985-1994. [PMID: 35040007 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disproportionate fatty diet intake provokes hepatic lipid accumulation that causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, triggering the embryonically conserved Hedgehog (Hh) pathway in the adult liver. The present study incorporates exploring the impact of chronically administered unsaturated (D-1) and saturated (D-2) fat-enriched diets on hematological parameters, liver functioning, and lipid profile in the rat model. Besides, hepatohistology and real time gene expression analysis of Hh signaling pathway genes i.e., Shh, Ihh, Hhip, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 were carried out. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen Rattus norvegicus (♂) of 200 ± 25 g weight were grouped into control, D-1, and D-2. Animals were fed on their respective diets for 16 weeks. Fatty diet intake resulted in neutropenia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, polycythemia, and macrocytosis in both experimental groups. Altered liver injury biomarkers, hypertriglyceridemia, and significantly increased very-low-density lipoprotein VLDL were also noted in both high-fat diet (HFD) groups as compared to control. Hepatohistological examination showed disrupted microarchitecture, infiltration of inflammatory cells, cellular necrosis, widened sinusoidal spaces, and microvesicular steatotic hepatocytes in D-1 and D-2. Collagen deposition in both HFD groups marks the extent of fibrosis. Significant upregulation of hedgehog pathway genes was found in fatty diet groups. In comparison with the control group, Shh Ihh, Hhip, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 were upregulated in D-1. In D-2 Shh, Hhip, and Smo expressions were upregulated, Ihh exhibited downregulation as compared to control. CONCLUSION Excess fat deposits in liver due to chronic consumption of high-fat diet results in anomalous architecture and functioning. High-fat diet induced significant variations in Hh pathway genes expression; especially Shh, Ihh, Hhip, Ptch1, Smo, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 were upregulated. Infiltration of inflammatory cells ( ), widened sinusoidal spaces (▲), cellular necrosis, and micro vesicular steatotic hepatocytes (*) were shown in the liver. Significant collagen deposition in both HFD groups i.e. D-1 and D-2 confirmed liver fibrosis. Excessive intake of dietary fats impaired normal liver functioning and liver inflammation triggered Hh signaling in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Mehmood
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Sheikh
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muddasir Hassan Abbasi
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.,Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Mukhtar
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Q-A- Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
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Kim DH, Bang E, Ha S, Jung HJ, Choi YJ, Yu BP, Chung HY. Organ-differential Roles of Akt/FoxOs Axis as a Key Metabolic Modulator during Aging. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1713-1728. [PMID: 34631216 PMCID: PMC8460295 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
FoxOs and their post-translational modification by phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation can affect epigenetic modifications and promote the expression of downstream target genes. Therefore, they ultimately affect cellular and biological functions during aging or occurrence of age-related diseases including cancer, diabetes, and kidney diseases. As known for its key role in aging, FoxOs play various biological roles in the aging process by regulating reactive oxygen species, lipid accumulation, and inflammation. FoxOs regulated by PI3K/Akt pathway modulate the expression of various target genes encoding MnSOD, catalases, PPARγ, and IL-1β during aging, which are associated with age-related diseases. This review highlights the age-dependent differential regulatory mechanism of Akt/FoxOs axis in metabolic and non-metabolic organs. We demonstrated that age-dependent suppression of Akt increases the activity of FoxOs (Akt/FoxOs axis upregulation) in metabolic organs such as liver and muscle. This Akt/FoxOs axis could be modulated and reversed by antiaging paradigm calorie restriction (CR). In contrast, hyperinsulinemia-mediated PI3K/Akt activation inhibited FoxOs activity (Akt/FoxOs axis downregulation) leading to decrease of antioxidant genes expression in non-metabolic organs such as kidneys and lungs during aging. These phenomena are reversed by CR. The results of studies on the process of aging and CR indicate that the Akt/FoxOs axis plays a critical role in regulating metabolic homeostasis, redox stress, and inflammation in various organs during aging process. The benefical actions of CR on the Akt/FoxOs axis in metabolic and non-metabolic organs provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms of organ-differential roles of Akt/FoxOs axis during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyun Kim
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Gumjung-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - EunJin Bang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Gumjung-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sugyeong Ha
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Gumjung-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Gumjung-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- 2Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- 3Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Gumjung-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
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