1
|
Wang C, Nambu T, Takigawa H, Maruyama H, Mashimo C, Okinaga T. Effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy against Fusobacterium nucleatum in periodontitis prevention. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 256:112926. [PMID: 38714001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease leading to gingival atrophy and potential tooth loss through alveolar bone resorption, is closely linked to the oral microbiome. Fusobacterium nucleatum, known to facilitate late-stage bacterial colonization in the oral microbiome, plays a crucial role in the onset of periodontitis. Controlling F. nucleatum abundance is vital for preventing and treating periodontal disease. Photodynamic therapy combined with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-PDT) has been reported to be bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. We aimed to investigate the bactericidal potential of ALA-PDT against F. nucleatum, which was evaluated by examining the impact of varying 5-ALA concentrations, culture time, and light intensity. After ALA-PDT treatment, DNA was extracted from interdental plaque samples collected from 10 volunteers and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. To further elucidate the bactericidal mechanism of ALA-PDT, porphyrins were extracted from F. nucleatum following cultivation with 5-ALA and subsequently analyzed using fluorescence spectra. ALA-PDT showed a significant bactericidal effect against F. nucleatum. Its bactericidal activity demonstrated a positive correlation with culture time and light intensity. Microbiota analysis revealed no significant alteration in α-diversity within the ALA-PDT group, although there was a noteworthy reduction in the proportion of the genus Fusobacterium. Furthermore, fluorescence spectral analysis indicated that F. nucleatum produced an excitable photosensitive substance following the addition of 5-ALA. Overall, if further studies confirm these results, this combined therapy could be an effective strategy for reducing the prevalence of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Graduate School of Dentistry (Bacteriology), Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nambu
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Takigawa
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Hugo Maruyama
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Chiho Mashimo
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Damrongrungruang T, Puasiri S, Vongtavatchai V, Saeng-on C, Petcharapiruch T, Teerakapong A, Sangpanya A. Anticandidal Efficacy of Erythrosine with Nano-TiO2 and Blue LED-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy against Candida albicans Biofilms on Acrylic Resin: A Preliminary Study. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:273-280. [PMID: 37105222 PMCID: PMC10959592 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Incorporating an enhancer such as nano-titanium dioxide into antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can improve treatment outcome.This study aimed to compare the anticandidal efficacy of photodynamic therapy by erythrosine with nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) stimulated by a blue light emitting diode with three standard dental antifungal agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Candida albicans biofilms on acrylic resin plates were treated for 15 minutes with either nystatin, fluconazole, Polident, 220µM erythrosine + 1% (w/w) nano-TiO2 + 15 J/cm2 blue light photodynamic therapy (Ery PDT), or distilled water. For the Ery PDT group, blue light was applied for 1 minute after incubation. After 1, 3, and 6 hours, the colony forming units in log10 (log10CFU/mL) were compared. The ultrastructure of C. albicans on the acrylic resin plates treated with erythrosine + nano-TiO2 + blue light was examined using transmission electron microscopy at magnification of 30,000x. RESULTS After 1 hour, nystatin, Polident, and Ery PDT indifferently inhibited C. albicans. At 6 hours, Ery PDT reduced the number of viable C. albicans in biofilms by 0.28log10 CFU/mL, which was equal to the effect of fluconazole and Polident. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that Ery PDT altered the C. albicans cell morphology by inducing cell wall/membrane rupture. CONCLUSION Photodynamic therapy with erythrosine + nano-TiO2 + blue light at low light power density (15 J/cm2) was as effective at inhibiting C. albicans biofilm on acrylic resin as fluconazole and Polident.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teerasak Damrongrungruang
- Division of Oral Diagnosis, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Melatonin Research Program, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Laser in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Subin Puasiri
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Vichakorn Vongtavatchai
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Saeng-on
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Teeruch Petcharapiruch
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Aroon Teerakapong
- Laser in Dentistry Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Angkhana Sangpanya
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nie M, Zhang P, Pathak JL, Wang X, Wu Y, Yang J, Shen Y. Photodynamic therapy in periodontitis: A narrative review. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12946. [PMID: 38288767 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, is primarily caused by a dysbiotic microbiome, leading to the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues and tooth loss. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which combines excitation light with photosensitizers (PS) and oxygen to produce antibacterial reactive oxygen species, is emerging as a promising adjuvant treatment for periodontitis. METHODS This review focuses on studies examining the antibacterial effects of PDT against periodontal pathogens. It also explores the impact of PDT on various aspects of periodontal health, including periodontal immune cells, human gingival fibroblasts, gingival collagen, inflammatory mediators, cytokines in the periodontium, vascular oxidative stress, vascular behavior, and alveolar bone health. Clinical trials assessing the types of PSs and light sources used in PDT, as well as its effects on clinical and immune factors in gingival sulcus fluid and the bacterial composition of dental plaque, are discussed. RESULTS The findings indicate that PDT is effective in reducing periodontal pathogens and improving markers of periodontal health. It has shown positive impacts on periodontal immune response, tissue integrity, and alveolar bone preservation. Clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in periodontal health and alterations in the microbial composition of dental plaque when PDT is used alongside conventional treatments. CONCLUSIONS PDT offers a promising adjunctive treatment for periodontitis, with benefits in bacterial reduction, tissue healing, and immune modulation. This article highlights the potential of PDT in periodontal therapy and emphasizes the need for further research to refine its clinical application and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Nie
- Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingmei Yang
- Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Takeuchi Y, Aoki A, Hiratsuka K, Chui C, Ichinose A, Aung N, Kitanaka Y, Hayashi S, Toyoshima K, Iwata T, Arakawa S. Application of Different Wavelengths of LED Lights in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Periodontal Disease. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1676. [PMID: 38136710 PMCID: PMC10740818 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic light has been increasingly used in clinical dentistry for surgical ablation, disinfection, bio-stimulation, reduction in inflammation, and promotion of wound healing. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a type of phototherapy, has been used to selectively destroy tumor cells. Antimicrobial PDT (a-PDT) is used to inactivate causative bacteria in infectious oral diseases, such as periodontitis. Several studies have reported that this minimally invasive technique has favorable therapeutic outcomes with a low probability of adverse effects. PDT is based on the photochemical reaction between light, a photosensitizer, and oxygen, which affects its efficacy. Low-power lasers have been predominantly used in phototherapy for periodontal treatments, while light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have received considerable attention as a novel light source in recent years. LEDs can emit broad wavelengths of light, from infrared to ultraviolet, and the lower directivity of LED light appears to be suitable for plaque control over large and complex surfaces. In addition, LED devices are small, lightweight, and less expensive than lasers. Although limited evidence exists on LED-based a-PDT for periodontitis, a-PDT using red or blue LED light could be effective in attenuating bacteria associated with periodontal diseases. LEDs have the potential to provide a new direction for light therapy in periodontics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (A.I.); (S.H.); (K.T.); (T.I.)
| | - Koichi Hiratsuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan;
| | | | - Akiko Ichinose
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (A.I.); (S.H.); (K.T.); (T.I.)
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Nay Aung
- Laser Light Dental Clinic Periodontal and Implant Center, Yangon 11241, Myanmar;
| | - Yutaro Kitanaka
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| | - Sakura Hayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (A.I.); (S.H.); (K.T.); (T.I.)
| | - Keita Toyoshima
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (A.I.); (S.H.); (K.T.); (T.I.)
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (A.I.); (S.H.); (K.T.); (T.I.)
| | - Shinich Arakawa
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Polat E, Kang K. Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:584. [PMID: 34063973 PMCID: PMC8224061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health problems and reduced treatment effectiveness due to antimicrobial resistance have become important global problems and are important factors that negatively affect life expectancy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is constantly evolving and can minimize this antimicrobial resistance problem. Reactive oxygen species produced when nontoxic photosensitizers are exposed to light are the main functional components of APDT responsible for microbial destruction; therefore, APDT has a broad spectrum of target pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Various photosensitizers, including natural extracts, compounds, and their synthetic derivatives, are being investigated. The main limitations, such as weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, solubility, specificity, and cost, encourage the exploration of new photosensitizer candidates. Many additional methods, such as cell surface engineering, cotreatment with membrane-damaging agents, nanotechnology, computational simulation, and sonodynamic therapy, are also being investigated to develop novel APDT methods with improved properties. In this review, we summarize APDT research, focusing on natural photosensitizers used in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. In addition, we describe the limitations observed for natural photosensitizers and the methods developed to counter those limitations with emerging technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ece Polat
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|