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Zhang C, Ding J, Bian Z, Liu X, Wang D, Cao G, Zhu L, Zhang J, Liu Q, Liu Y. Multi-level fingerprinting and immune activity evaluation for polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135767. [PMID: 39299425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
To establish the quality control method of Dioscorea opposita Thunb., the multi-level fingerprinting of polysaccharides was established and the relationship between fingerprint and immune activity was analyzed. The two molecular weight segments Mw1 (1.38 × 105-1.63 × 106 Da) and Mw2 (3.27 × 103-4.37 × 103 Da), thirteen infrared absorption peaks (3399.26 cm-1, 2929.32 cm-1, 1631.78 cm-1, 1400.39 cm-1, 1351.80 cm-1, 1123.58 cm-1, 1024.76 cm-1, 931.53 cm-1, 854.76 cm-1, 760.43 cm-1, 708.14 cm-1, 616.47 cm-1, and 526.78 cm-1), and four monosaccharides (Man, Rha, GalA, and Glc) were used to evaluate the quality of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. The molecular weight fragments of Mw1, FT-IR absorption peaks of 1631.78 cm-1, and two monosaccharides (Man and Glc) would be used to identify Dioscorea opposita Thunb. polysaccharide (DOP) from different origins. The relationship of spectrum-effect showed that polysaccharides with features such as higher Mw1, a lower peak height of 1631.78 cm-1, higher content of Man, and lower content of Glc exerted stronger immune activity. In conclusion, this study established a polysaccharide-based quality evaluation method for Dioscorea opposita Thunb. and explored the relationship between polysaccharide fingerprints and in vitro immune activity, which provided a basis for further research on Dioscorea opposita Thunb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhiying Bian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Guiyun Cao
- Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Company, Ltd, Jinan 250109, China
| | - Lihao Zhu
- Sishui Siheyuan Culture and Tourism Development Company, Ltd, Sishui 273200, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China.
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Xu J, Ye H, Zhang X, Lv Y, Tong S, Liu B, Ou Z, Chu C. Comparative study on metabolite variations of two rose teas by plant metabolomics and revealing their skin-whitening candidates by spectrum-effect relationship analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 39049188 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rosa rugosa var. plena Rehd (CBR) and Rosa chinensis cv. "JinBian" (JBR) are two common species used in rose tea among different original species. CBR, the officially documented original plant of the rose species for food and medicinal purposes, is more costly than JBR. With increasing demand for different rose teas, it is meaningful to compare the chemical constituents for their quality control and reveal their skin-whitening components that will provide in-depth insights for the expansion of the rose tea industry. OBJECTIVE This study aims to reveal the chemical variances between CBR and JBR and determine their skin-whitening components. METHODOLOGY A strategy obtained by combining MS-based plant-metabolomics with spectrum-effect relationship analysis has been proposed for unveiling chemical differences between CBR and JBR and further exploring their potential skin-whitening components. RESULTS A total of 2030 metabolites were found that revealed considerable differences between CBR and JBR. The results of bioactivity assay demonstrated that JBR exhibited stronger tyrosinase inhibition activity than CBR. Six potential skin-whitening compounds (di-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, tri-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, spiraeoside, quinic acid, rugosin A, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-glucose) were discovered as potential tyrosinase inhibitors, via spectrum-effect relationship analysis. This is the first time that di-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, tri-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, rugosin A, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-glucose have been reported with tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Additionally, molecular docking analysis was used to reveal the inhibition mechanism of these compounds toward tyrosinase. CONCLUSION The finding of this study will be of great importance for the quality control of the two types of rose teas, and the revealed active ingredients will provide in-depth insights for the expansion of the rose tea industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xindan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangbin Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Ou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Li X, Li J, Yuan H, Chen Y, Li S, Jiang S, Zha Xi Y, Zhang G, Lu J. Effect of supplementation with Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1436807. [PMID: 39091388 PMCID: PMC11291472 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1436807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota community is an important factor affecting the nutritional and health status of poultry, and its balance is crucial for improving the overall health of poultry. The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract (GUE), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lac) and their combination (GL) on growth performance and intestinal health in broilers in an 84-day feeding experiment. Supplementary 0.1% GUE and 4.5×107 CFU/g Lac significantly increased average daily gain (ADG), and GL (0.1% GUE and 4.5×107 CFU/g Lac) increased ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI), and decreased feed conversion rate (FCR) in broilers aged 29 to 84 d and 1 to 84 d. Dietary GUE, Lac and GL increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity and decreased Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the jejunum mucosa of broilers, and increased secretory IgA (sIgA) content in broilers at 84 d. Moreover, GUE, Lac and GL increased cecal microbial richness and diversity, and modulated microbial community composition. Both GUE and Lac reduced the harmful bacteria Epsilonbacteraeota, Helicobacter, and H. pullorum at 28 d and Proteobacteria, Escherichia, and E. coli at 84 d, while Lac and GL increased beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and L. gallinarum at 28 d. Compared with individual supplementation, GL markedly increased the SOD activity and the sIgA content, and reduced Helicobacter and Helicobacter pullorum. In conclusion, GUE and Lactobacillus acidophilus as feed additives benefit growth performance and intestinal health, and their combined use shows an even more positive effect in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximei Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haotian Yuan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuaibing Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Susu Jiang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture Technology College, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingpai Zha Xi
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Lu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Ma B, Wang S, Li H, Wang Q, Hong Y, Bao YM, Liu H, Li M, Zhao Y, Guo LP. Combining metabolomics and transcriptomics to reveal the potential medicinal value of rare species Glycyrrhiza squamulose. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30868. [PMID: 38803917 PMCID: PMC11128877 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Licorice is a well-known Chinese medicinal plant that is widely used to treat multiple diseases and process food; however, wild licorice is now facing depletion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and protect licorice germplasm diversity. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to investigate the biodiversity and potential medicinal value of the rare wild Glycyrrhiza squamulose. A total of 182 differentially accumulated metabolites and 395 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparing Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Glycyrrhiza squamulose. The molecular weights of the chemical component of G. squamulose were comparable with those of G. uralensis, suggesting that G. squamulose may have medicinal value. Differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), mainly flavonoids such as kaempferol-3-O-galactoside, kaempferol-3-O-(6"malonyl) glucoside, and hispidulin-7-O-glucoside, showed potential vitality in G. squamulose. Comparative transcriptomics with G. uralensis showed that among the 395 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 69 were enriched in the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Multiomics analysis showed that the distinction in flavonoid biosynthesis between G. squamulose and G. uralensis was strongly associated with the expression levels of IF7GT and CYP93C. In addition to identifying similarities and differences between G. squamulose and G. uralensis, this study provides a theoretical basis to protect and investigate rare species such as G. squamulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 75000, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Siru Wang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qinyue Wang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yaqi Hong
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yang-mei Bao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 75000, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 75000, China
| | - Yucheng Zhao
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
- Medical Botanical Garden, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lan-ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
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Wang M, Liu M, Tang L, Shen L, Xiao J, Li R. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Liquiritin reduces ferroptosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through targeting SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:627. [PMID: 37160483 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, Hunan, China
| | - Meng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, Hunan, China
| | - Lijing Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lixian Shen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Junhui Xiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Rong Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Chen W, He L, Pei H, Li J, Zhao Y, Zong Y, Kan H, He Z, Du R. Neuroprotective effect of total flavonoids in stems and leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. on oxidative stress in HT-22 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5290-5303. [PMID: 37367832 PMCID: PMC10333086 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is a common traditional Chinese medicine. However, its aerial part is currently not widely studied and used. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of total flavonoids in aerial stems and leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (GSF) by an in vitro LPS-induced HT-22 cell model and an in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. In this study, cell apoptosis was evaluated by CCK-8 and Hoechst 33258 staining in LPS-induced HT-22 cells. Meanwhile, ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and Ca2+ level were detected by the flow cytometer. In vivo, C. elegans was also investigated the effect of GSF on lifespan, spawning, and paralysis. Moreover, the survival of C. elegans to oxidative stimuli (juglone and H2O2), and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 and SKN-1 were evaluated. The results showed that GSF could inhibit LPS-induced HT-22 cell apoptosis. Moreover, GSF decreased the levels of ROS, MMP, Ca2+, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activities of SOD and CAT in HT-22 cells. Furthermore, GSF did not affect the lifespan and laying of eggs of C. elegans N2. However, it delayed paralysis in C. elegans CL4176 in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, GSF increased the survival rate of C. elegans CL2006 after juglone and H2O2 treatment, increased SOD and CAT, and decreased MDA levels. Importantly, GSF promoted the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 and SKN-1 in C. elegans TG356 and LC333, respectively. Taken together, GSF can play a protective role in neuronal cells by inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hong Kan
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education of China, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer of China, Changchun 130118, China
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Chen TH, Tsai MJ, Chang CS, Xu L, Fu YS, Weng CF. The exploration of phytocompounds theoretically combats SARS-CoV-2 pandemic against virus entry, viral replication and immune evasion. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:42-54. [PMID: 36470006 PMCID: PMC9675089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) that emerged in China, is an extremely contagious and pathogenic viral infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has sparked a global pandemic. The few and limited availability of approved therapeutic agents or vaccines is of great concern. Urgently, Remdesivir, Nirmatrelvir, Molnupiravir, and some phytochemicals including polyphenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, and triterpenoid are applied to develop as repurposing drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 invasion. METHODS This study was conducted to perform molecular docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) analysis of the potential phytocompounds and repurposing drugs against three targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins (RNA dependent RNA polymerase, RdRp, Endoribonclease, S-protein of ACE2-RBD). RESULTS The docking data illustrated Arachidonic acid, Rutin, Quercetin, and Curcumin were highly bound with coronavirus polyprotein replicase and Ebolavirus envelope protein. Furthermore, anti- Ebolavirus molecule Remedesivir, anti-HIV molecule Chloroquine, and Darunavir were repurposed with coronavirus polyprotein replicase as well as Ebolavirus envelope protein. The strongest binding interaction of each targets are Rutin with RdRp, Endoribonclease with Amentoflavone, and ACE2-RBD with Epigallocatechin gallate. CONCLUSIONS Taken altogether, these results shed a light on that phytocompounds have a therapeutic potential for the treatment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 may base on multi-target effects or cocktail formulation for blocking viral infection through invasion/activation, transcription/reproduction, and posttranslational cleavage to battle COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsu Chen
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Neurological Institute, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Sheng Chang
- Department of biotechnology and food technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Yungkang City 701, Taiwan
| | - Linxi Xu
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China,Corresponding author
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Functional Physiology Section, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, Fujian, China,Corresponding author
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Exploring the processing-related components from asparagi radix via diversified spectrum-effect relationship. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Du J, Cao L, Gao J, Jia R, Zhu H, Nie Z, Xi B, Yin G, Ma Y, Xu G. Protective Effects of Glycyrrhiza Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by Streptococcus agalactiae in Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1648. [PMID: 36421292 PMCID: PMC9686810 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have confirmed that Glycyrrhiza total flavones (GTFs) have good anti-hepatic injury, but whether they have a good protective effect on anti-hepatic injury activity induced by Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effects of Glycyrrhiza total flavones on liver injury induced by S. agalactiae (SA) and its underlying mechanism in fish. A total of 150 tilapia were randomly divided into five groups, each with three replicates containing 10 fish: normal control group, S. agalactiae infection group, and three Glycyrrhiza total flavone treatment groups (addition of 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g of GTF to 1 kg of feed). The normal control group was only fed with basic diet, after 60 d of feeding, and intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the S. agalactiae infection group was fed with basic diet, and the S. agalactiae solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the three GTF treatment groups were fed with a diet containing 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg of GTF, and the S. agalactiae solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight). After 48 h injection, blood and liver tissues were collected to measure biochemical parameters and mRNA levels to evaluate the liver protection of GTFs. Compared with the control group, the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and glucose (GLU) in the streptococcal infection group increased significantly, while the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) decreased significantly; observations of pathological sections showed obvious damage to the liver tissue structure in response to streptococcal infection. S. agalactiae can also cause fatty liver injury, affecting the function of fatty acid β-oxidation and biosynthesis in the liver of tilapia, and also causing damage to function of the immune system. The addition of GTFs to the diet could improve oxidative stress injury caused by S. agalactiae in tilapia liver tissue to different degrees, promote the β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, accelerate the lipid metabolism in the liver, and repair the damaged liver tissue. GTFs have a good protective effect on liver injury caused by streptococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Haojun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Zhijuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Bingwen Xi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Guojun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yuzhong Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
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Application of Biotransformation-Guided Purification in Chinese Medicine: An Example to Produce Butin from Licorice. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds are considered treasures in biotechnology; however, in the past, the process of discovering bioactive compounds is time consuming, and the purification and validation of the biofunctions and biochemistry of compounds isolated from a medicinal herb are tedious tasks. In this study, we developed an economical process called biotransformation-guided purification (BGP), which we applied to analyze licorice, a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in many therapies. This medicinal herb contains various flavonoids and triterpenoids and, thus, is a suitable material used to assess the ability of BGP to identify and produce bioactive compounds. In the BGP process, the ethyl acetate extract of a commercial licorice medicine was partially purified into three fractions by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, and Bacillus megaterium tyrosinase (BmTYR) was used to catalyze the biotransformation of the extract from each fraction. One of the products produced via BmTYR-driven biotransformation was purified from the biotransformation-positive extract using preparative C-18 high-performance liquid chromatography, and it was identified as butin (3′-hydroxyliquiritigenin) through nucleic magnetic resonance and mass spectral analyses. Butin was produced from liquiritigenin through BmTYR-catalyzed hydroxylation, with commercial liquiritigenin as the biotransformation precursor. The proposed alternative approach quickly identified and isolated the biotransformed butin from licorice. Moreover, butin demonstrated an antioxidant activity that is stronger by over 100-fold compared with that of its precursor (liquiritigenin). This study showed that the economical BGP process could quickly obtain and validate bioactive molecules from crude extracts of medicinal herbs.
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Yuan L, Wang D, Wu C. Protective effect of liquiritin on coronary heart disease through regulating the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells via upregulation of sirtuin1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2840-2850. [PMID: 35038972 PMCID: PMC8974169 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2024687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore whether liquiritin affects the development of coronary heart disease by regulating the proliferation and migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs). A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release detection were performed to measure the toxic effects of liquiritin on hVSMCs. An in vitro atherosclerosis model in hVSMCs was established using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using an MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. Western blotting and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to detect protein and mRNA expressions, respectively. Caspase3 activity and cell migration were measured using an activity detection kit and Transwell assay, respectively. The results indicated that liquiritin at doses <160 μM had no significant effect on cell viability and LDH release in hVSMCs. Ox-LDL significantly induced cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited hVSMCs apoptosis. Liquiritin significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration, and enhanced cell apoptosis in ox-LDL induced hVSMCs. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) was lowly expressed in atherosclerotic plaque tissues in coronary heart disease patients and in ox-LDL-induced hVSMCs. Liquiritin improved SIRT1 expression in ox-LDL-induced hVSMCs, whereas the improvement was inhibited by Selisistat (EX 527, an effective SIRT1 inhibitor) treatment. EX 527 reversed the effects of liquiritin on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in ox-LDL-induced hVSMCs In conclusion, liquiritin plays a protective role in coronary heart disease by regulating the proliferation and migration of hVSMCs by increasing SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dajie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University (Yancheng Third People's Hospital), Yancheng, China
| | - Chunyang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University (Yancheng Third People's Hospital), Yancheng, China
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Chen J, Cheng XL, Li LF, Dai SY, Wang YD, Li MH, Guo XH, Wei F, Ma SC. A general procedure for establishing composite quality evaluation indices based on key quality attributes of traditional Chinese medicine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114415. [PMID: 34655988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Licorice, a medicinal herb and food flavor ingredient, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the past 4000 years. In this study, we propose a new quality evaluation approach for licorice quality control based on the key quality attributes commonly used in TCM. The high quality of TCM formulations is ensured by verifying the genuine origin and implementing good agricultural and collection practices for each medicinal herb. In our study, the genuine production area, the harvest season, and the number of growth years were considered the key quality attributes of TCM. To ensure the representativeness of our analysis, we obtained a total of 158 licorice sample batches that differed in the number of growth years, the location of the production areas, and the season for harvesting. Initially, the 158 sample batches were subjected to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). A preliminary screen identified 11 licorice compounds related to the three key quality attributes of TCM . An analysis by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS) verified the presence of 34 compounds in all licorice samples. These 34 compounds included the 11 compounds related to the three key quality attributes of the samples, along with other bioactive components identified in previous studies. After using UHPLC-TQ-MS/MS to assess the signal peak intensities of the 34 compounds, we selected 17 licorice compounds to establish sample content evaluation indices, which were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography at four different wavelengths in all 158 licorice sample batches. Finally, the screen identified nine compounds that were closely associated with the quality attributes of licorice based on principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Our results suggested that liquiritin and eight other compounds could be used as quality control indicators of licorice, which provided a foundation to establish the TCM quality composite evaluation index (TCM QCEI). In summary, this research concept can serve as a reference for research on quality markers and the evaluation of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Lin-Fu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Sheng-Yun Dai
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ya-Dan Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Han Guo
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), No. 2, TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Dong JN, Wu GD, Dong ZQ, Yang D, Bo YK, An M, Zhao LS. Natural deep eutectic solvents as tailored and sustainable media for the extraction of five compounds from compound liquorice tablets and their comparison with conventional organic solvents. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37649-37660. [PMID: 35496443 PMCID: PMC9043790 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient and environmentally friendly ultrasound-assisted (UAE) natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) extraction method was applied for the extraction of five bioactive compounds (liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid and isoliquiritigenin) from compound liquorice tablets (CPLTs), and the antioxidant activities of these compounds were evaluated. In this study, eighteen different NADES systems based on either two or three components were tested and a 1,4-butanediol–levulinic acid system (1 : 3 molar ratio) was selected as a topgallant solvent for maximizing analyte extraction yields. Various extraction parameters, such as water content, liquid/solid ratio, extraction time and temperature, were systematically optimized by single-factor and response surface methodology (RSM) experiments. The results indicated that the optimum extraction conditions for the analytes featured a water content of 17%, a liquid/solid ratio of 42 mL g−1 and an extraction time of 30 min. The extracted amounts of liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid and isoliquiritigenin reached 5.60, 3.17, 1.27, 74.62 and 1.34 mg g−1, respectively, under optimized conditions, which were much higher than those extracted using conventional organic solvents. In addition, antioxidant tests revealed that the NADES extracts showed higher DPPH and hydroxyl radical-scavenging capacity than the conventional solvent extracts used for comparison. This study provides a suitable approach for efficiently extracting the bioactive compounds of CPLTs. Meanwhile, NADESs can be extended to other natural products as green extraction media. A 1,4-butanediol–levulinic acid system was selected as a topgallant solvent and extraction parameters were optimized. NADES extracts exhibited higher extraction efficiency and in vitro antioxidant activities than conventional solvent extracts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ni Dong
- Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691
| | - Guo-Dong Wu
- Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691
| | - Zhi-Qiang Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010 China
| | - Dan Yang
- Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691
| | - Yu-Kun Bo
- Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691
| | - Ming An
- Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691
| | - Long-Shan Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110016 China +86 24 43520571
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Du W, Zhu W, Ge W, Li C. Research on the effect of spleen-invigorating and anti-swelling active ingredients in crude and processed coix seed based on Spectrum - Effects relationship combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114350. [PMID: 34507270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coix seed (CS) is the dry mature seed kernel of Coix lacrma-jobi L. var. mayuen (Roman.) Stapf, which has the effect of spleen-invigorating and anti-swelling. However, research reports on the main active ingredients of CS were minimal. The purpose of this study was to find the main active ingredients that affect the efficacy of CS to invigorate the spleen and reduce swelling through the spectrum-effect relationship, combined with chemometrics, grey relational analysis (GRA) and entropy method, and to compare the differences between the effects of crude and processed CS. First of all, the HPLC-ELSD method was used to establish the chromatographic fingerprint of CS, and 12 batches of CS samples were analyzed through chemometrics in this study. Then, we studied the effect of spleen-invigorating and anti-swelling in CS. Finally, through grey relational analysis and entropy method, the spectrum-effect relationship between the chromatographic fingerprint and the seven pharmacodynamic effect indexes was studied. The results showed that the main pharmacologically active ingredients were 1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (peak 8), 1,2-dilinoleoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol (peak 2), 1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-Linolein (peak 5), 1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-palmitoyl-rac-glycerol (peak 3), 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol (peak 4), and glycerol trioleate (peak 7), and the comprehensive efficacy of bran-fried CS was better than that of raw CS. In summary, we have identified the main active ingredients related to the efficacy of CS. As far as we know, this is the first time that the crude and processed CS spectrum-effect relationship has been established and compared, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent studies on the material basis and molecular mechanism of CS pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311401, PR China
| | - Weihao Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, PR China
| | - Weihong Ge
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311401, PR China.
| | - Changyu Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311401, PR China.
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