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Bailly C. Efficacy and safety of the traditional herbal medication Chai-Ling-Tang (in China), Siryung-tang (in Republic of Korea) or Sairei-To (in Japan). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117127. [PMID: 37683930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herbal medicine designated Chai-Ling-Tang in China, Siryung-tang in South Korea, and Sairei-To (or Tsumura Saireito extract granules, TJ-114) in Japan is a complex polyherbal formulations with 12 plant components. It is used historically to treat Shaoyang syndrome, recorded in an ancient Chinese medical text "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorder" (Shanghan Lun). Chai-Ling-Tang formula combines two traditional Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions: Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang and Wu-Ling-San (known as Sho-Saiko-To and Goreisan in Japan, and So Shi Ho Tang and Oreonsang in Korea, respectively). These traditional Chinese/Korean medicines and Kampo medicine have been used for more than 2000 years in East Asia, notably as regulators of body fluid homeostasis. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to evaluate clinical uses, pharmacological effects and unwanted effects of Sairei-To through a narrative literature survey. The main active phytoconstituents and their mechanism of actions are also collated based on the literature. METHODS Several databases including SciFinder and PubMed were searched in sourcing information using keywords corresponding to the medicinal treatment names and the corresponding plants and phytochemicals. Relevant textbooks, reviews, and digital documents (mostly in English) were consulted to collate all available scientific literature and to provide a complete science-based survey of the topic. RESULTS Sairei-To derives from ten plants and two fungi. The three major components are Bupleuri radix (Saiko), Pinelliae rhizoma (Hange), and Alismatis rhizoma (Takusha). The rest includes the species Scutellariae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zingiberis rhizoma, Cinnamomi cortex, Atractylodis lanceae rhizoma, Poria sclerotium, and Polyporus sclerotium. The therapeutic uses of Sairei-To are very diversified, ranging from the treatment of autoimmune diseases, intestinal inflammatory disorders, edema, intestinal and kidney diseases, cancers, inflammatory skin pathologies, and other conditions such as reproductive failure. Sairei-To is considered as a safe and efficient medication, with potential rare unwanted side effects, notably lung injuries (pneumonitis essentially). Marked anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of Sairei-To have been reported, generally associated to the action of saponins (saikosaponins, glycyrrhizin), terpenoids (alisols) and flavonoids (baicalin, oroxylin A). CONCLUSION Sairei-To is commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases and appears efficient to decrease the side effects of corticosteroids. Its immune-regulatory action is well recognized and exploited to treat certain skin lesions and chemotherapy-related toxic effects. The activity of the Sairei-To product relies on the synergistic action of its individual ingredients. Further studies are warranted to quantify the synergy of action inherent to this interesting botanical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Consulting Scientific Office, Lille, Wasquehal, 59290, France; University of Lille, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59000, Lille, France; University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - UMR1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France.
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Lim DW, Yu GR, Kim JE, Park WH. Network pharmacology predicts combinational effect of novel herbal pair consist of Ephedrae herba and Coicis semen on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282875. [PMID: 36928463 PMCID: PMC10019655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal combinations are regarded as basic strategy in oriental medicine with various purposes. Ephedrae herba (EH) and Coicis semen (CS) are two herbal medicines used to treat obesity in many herbal prescriptions, yet the effect and significance of this herbal pair have not been evaluated. PURPOSE This study is to elucidate the effect of a novel herbal pair, EH-CS, on obesity and identify the key synergistic mechanism underlying it. METHODS We investigated the network of herbs comprising the anti-obesity herbal prescriptions. Using the tools of network pharmacology, we investigated the compound-target interactions of EH and CS in combination to predict their effects in combination. Five EH-CS samples with different EH to CS ratios were prepared to investigate their efficacies in adipocytes. RESULTS 1-mode network analysis of herbs in prescriptions based on literature review revealed the importance of EH-CS in anti-obesity prescriptions. The herbal combination comprised of equivalent weights (1:1) of EH and CS most potently reduced mature adipocyte adiposity, although several markers of adipogenesis and lipid synthesis were more suppressed by pure EH. PTGS2 (COX-2 gene) expression, a common target of EH and CS as deduced by compound-target network analysis, was affected by EH-CS extract treatments. However, EH at high concentration (25 μg/ml) notably increased PTGS2 expression without adversely affecting cell viability. However, EH-CS combination of the same concentration markedly decreased PTGS2 gene expression. CONCLUSION These results show that the compounds in CS and EH act in concert to enhance the pharmacological effect of EH, but control unexpected effects of EH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Lim
- Department of Diagnostic, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Ram Yu
- Department of Diagnostic, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Eun Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (W-HP); (J-EK)
| | - Won-Hwan Park
- Department of Diagnostic, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (W-HP); (J-EK)
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Hou JY, Wu JR, Chen YB, Xu D, Liu S, Shang DD, Fan GW, Cui YL. Systematic identification of the interventional mechanism of Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan (QFXYW) in treatment of the cytokine storm in acute lung injury using transcriptomics-based system pharmacological analyses. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:743-754. [PMID: 35357989 PMCID: PMC8979529 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2055090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acute lung injury (ALI) is a complex, severe inflammation disease with high mortality, and there is no specific and effective treatment for ALI. Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan (QFXYW) has been widely used to treat lung-related diseases for centuries. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the potential effects and elucidates the therapeutic mechanism of QFXYW against LPS induced ALI in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c Mice in each group were first orally administered medicines (0.9% saline solution for the control group, 0.5 mg/kg Dexamethasone, or 1.3, 2.6, 5.2 g/kg QFXYW), after 4 h, the groups were injected LPS (1.0 mg/kg) to induce ALI, then the same medicines were administered repeatedly. The transcriptomics-based system pharmacological analyses were applied to screen the hub genes, RT-PCR, ELISA, and protein array assay was applied to verify the predicted hub genes and key pathways. RESULTS QFXYW significantly decreased the number of leukocytes from (6.34 ± 0.51) × 105/mL to (4.01 ± 0.11) × 105/mL, accompanied by the neutrophil from (1.41 ± 0.19) × 105/mL to (0.77 ± 0.10) × 105/mL in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Based on Degree of node connection (Degree) and BottleNeck (BN), important parameters of network topology, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network screened hub genes, including IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2, TLR2, CXCL1, and MMP-9. The results of RT-PCR, ELISA, and protein chip assay revealed that QFXYW could effectively inhibit ALI via multiple key targets and the cytokine-cytokine signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that QFXYW decreased the number of leukocytes and neutrophils by attenuating inflammatory response, which provides an important basis for the use of QFXYW in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Bing Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Limited Darentang Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan-dan Shang
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Limited Darentang Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan-Wei Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Guan-Wei Fan Tianjin Key Laboratory of Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan-Lu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- CONTACT Yuan-Lu Cui State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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Xu Q, Cheng M, Jiang R, Zhao X, Zhu J, Liu M, Chao X, Zhang C, Zhou B. Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:971647. [PMID: 36072392 PMCID: PMC9442064 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.971647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Weaning stress decreases the growth performance of piglets and is one of the main concerns of pig industries. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have been used to reduce the adverse effects of weaning stress as both nutritional supplements and antibiotic substitutes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (Kangtaile, which contained Paeonia lactiflora, licorice, dandelion, and tea polyphenols) on the growth performances, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 400 weaned pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] were randomly allocated into one of four treatments: the CON group, fed with basic diet; the HM1 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet; the HM2 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g herbal mixture/kg diet; or the HM3 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet. The results revealed that dietary supplementation with the herbal mixture for 28 days improved average daily gain and feed conversion ratio, while decreased the diarrhea rate of weaned pigs. Moreover, dietary supple-mentation with the herbal mixture improved the antioxidant capacity through increasing the activity of catalase (CAT) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, while decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum. Pigs supplemented with herbal mixture presented an increased serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M level on day 14 compared with control pigs. The herbal mixture altered the composition of intestinal microbiota by influencing the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The relative abundances of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly related to the body weight gain of pigs. In conclusion, supplementation of herbal mixture to the diet improved growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity and modified the composition of intestinal microbiota in weaning pigs. This study provided new insights into the nutritional regulation effects of the herbal mixtures on weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Wuxi Sanzhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Xianle Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingzheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Chao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhou
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Feng D, Li XR, Wang ZY, Gu NN, Zhang SX, Li CF, Chen Y, Ma ZQ, Lin RC, Zhang HG, Zhao C. Integrated UPLC-MS and Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Active Components and the Potential Mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction for Treating Nephrotic Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:775745. [PMID: 35295738 PMCID: PMC8919777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Yiqi Huoxue Decoction (YQHXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine that promotes blood circulation, removes blood stasis, facilitates diuresis, and alleviates edema. It is composed of 10 herbal medicines and has extensive application in treating nephrotic syndrome (NS). However, the active components and the potential mechanism of YQHXD for treating NS remain unclear. Methods: We set up a sensitive and rapid method based on Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatograph-Mass (UPLC-MS) to identify the compounds in YQHXD and constituents absorbed into the blood. Disease genes were collected through GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM database. Genes of compounds absorbed into blood were predicted by the TCMSP database. We constructed Disease-Drug-Ingredient-Gene (DDIG) network using Cytoscape, established a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using String, Gene biological process (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed using DAVID. Cellular experiments were performed to validate the results of network pharmacology. Result: A total of 233 compounds in YQHXD and 50 constituents absorbed into the blood of rats were identified. The 36 core targets in the PPI network were clustered in the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (PI3K-AKT) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Luteolin, Wogonin, Formononetin, and Calycosin were top-ranking components as potentially active compounds. Conclusion: The results of our studies show that YQHXD is able to enhance renal function, alleviate podocyte injury, and improve adriamycin nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Ri Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nian-Nian Gu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao-Feng Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Chao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui-Chao Lin, ; Hong-Gui Zhang, ; Chongjun Zhao,
| | - Hong-Gui Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui-Chao Lin, ; Hong-Gui Zhang, ; Chongjun Zhao,
| | - Chongjun Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui-Chao Lin, ; Hong-Gui Zhang, ; Chongjun Zhao,
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Garofalo L, Nakama C, Hanes D, Zwickey H. Whole-Person, Urobiome-Centric Therapy for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:218. [PMID: 35203820 PMCID: PMC8868435 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy urinary tract contains a variety of microbes resulting in a diverse urobiome. Urobiome dysbiosis, defined as an imbalance in the microbial composition in the microenvironments along the urinary tract, is found in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). Historically, antibiotics have been used to address UTI. An alternative approach to uncomplicated UTI is warranted as the current paradigm fails to take urobiome dysbiosis into account and contributes to the communal problem of resistance. A whole-person, multi-modal approach that addresses vaginal and urinary tract dysbiosis may be more effective in reducing recurrent UTI. In this review, we discuss strategies that include reducing pathogenic bacteria while supporting commensal urogenital bacteria, encouraging diuresis, maintaining optimal pH levels, and reducing inflammation. Strategies for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Garofalo
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Claudia Nakama
- National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (C.N.); (D.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Douglas Hanes
- National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (C.N.); (D.H.); (H.Z.)
- Helfgott Research Institute, NUNM, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Heather Zwickey
- National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (C.N.); (D.H.); (H.Z.)
- Helfgott Research Institute, NUNM, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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Chen L, Kan J, Zheng N, Li B, Hong Y, Yan J, Tao X, Wu G, Ma J, Zhu W, Sheng L, Chen L, Li B, Zhong J, Du J, Li H. A botanical dietary supplement from white peony and licorice attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota and reducing inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153693. [PMID: 34403877 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an obesity-related metabolic disease that is highly associated with gut dysbiosis and inflammation. A botanical dietary supplement, mainly containing an herbal pair of white peony root and licorice as well as grape seeds and broccoli extracts (WLT), exerts auxiliary protection against chemical liver injury. However, it is unclear whether WLT protects against the development of NAFLD induced by a high energy diet. PURPOSE To investigate the protective role of WLT against NAFLD development induced by a high-fat and high-sucrose (HFHS) diet and its mechanism of action. METHODS We investigated the anti-NAFLD effects of WLT on a HFHS diet-induced NAFLD C57BL/6J mouse model by detecting the hepatic triglyceride (TG) level, performing histological examination of the liver tissue, and evaluating glucose tolerance and systemic inflammation. Then, we analyzed the impact of WLT on gut microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by fecal microbiota transplantation. Furthermore, we performed hepatic transcriptomic analysis of mice with or without WLT treatment using the RNA sequencing approach. RESULTS Our results showed that WLT supplement attenuated body weight gain, hepatic steatosis, glucose tolerance, and systemic inflammation in HFHS-fed mice. Moreover, WLT supplement altered the composition of gut microbiota, which contributed at least in part, to the anti-NAFLD effect. Meanwhile, WLT improved the intestinal integrity and comprehensively modulated the expression of hepatic genes in HFHS mice, particularly reducing the expression of genes in the toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory pathway. CONCLUSION WLT is protective against NAFLD formation induced by an HFHS diet, and its effect is associated with the modulation of gut microbiota and inflammation, highlighting the potential of WLT to reduce the risk of metabolic disorders as a functional dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Chen
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Juan Yan
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bo Li
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China.
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- Functional Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Laboratory, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Li Q, Hu S, Huang L, Zhang J, Cao G. Evaluating the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Selected Active Compounds in Cornus Officinalis and Paeonia Lactiflora in Rheumatoid Arthritis via Network Pharmacology Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:648037. [PMID: 33967784 PMCID: PMC8097135 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.648037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornus officinalis Sieb et. Zucc and Paeonia lactiflora Pall. have exhibited favorable therapeutic effects against rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the specific mechanisms of their active compounds remain unclear. The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the therapeutic mechanisms of selected active compounds in Cornus officinalis (loganin, ursolic acid, and morroniside) and Paeonia lactiflora (paeoniflorin and albiflorin) via network pharmacology. The pharmacological properties of the five active compounds were evaluated and their potential target genes were identified by database screening. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional analysis were performed to determine the enriched molecular pathways associated with the active compounds. Using network pharmacology tools, eight genes (IL1β, VEGFA, STAT3, TP53, IL6, TNF, FOS, and LGALS3) were identified as common targets between RA and the five active compounds. Molecular docking simulation revealed the compound-target relationship between the five active compounds and three selected targets from the eight common ones (LGALS3, STAT3, and VEGFA). The compound-target relationships were subsequently validated via preliminary in vivo experiments in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis. Rats subjected to collagen-induced arthritis showed increased protein expression of LGALS3, STAT3, and VEGFA in synovial tissues. However, treatment using Cornus officinalis or/and Paeonia lactiflora, as well as their most drug-like active compounds (ursolic acid or/and paeoniflorin, respectively, identified based on pharmacological properties), attenuated the expression of these three targets, as previously predicted. Collectively, network pharmacology allowed the pharmacological and molecular roles of Cornus officinalis and Paeonia lactiflora to be systematically revealed, further establishing them as important candidate drugs in the treatment and management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Li
- Scientific Research Department, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqi Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichuang Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jida Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Mohammed SAA, Khan RA, El-Readi MZ, Emwas AH, Sioud S, Poulson BG, Jaremko M, Eldeeb HM, Al-Omar MS, Mohammed HA. Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract-Based Mitigation of CCl 4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats, and HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR Cell-Lines-Based Cytotoxicity Evaluations. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101291. [PMID: 33003604 PMCID: PMC7601535 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Suaeda vermiculata, an edible halophytic plant, used by desert nomads to treat jaundice, was investigated for its hepatoprotective bioactivity and safety profile on its mother liquor aqueous-ethanolic extract. Upon LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis, the presence of several constituents including three major flavonoids, namely quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-O-(acetyl)-hexoside-pentoside were confirmed. The aqueous-ethanolic extract, rich in antioxidants, quenched the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, and also showed noticeable levels of radical scavenging capacity in ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay. For the hepatoprotective activity confirmation, the male rat groups were fed daily, for 7 days (n = 8/group, p.o.), either carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) 0.5%, silymarin 200 mg/kg, the aqueous-ethanolic extract of the plant Suaeda vermiculata (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg extract), or quercetin (100 mg/kg) alone, and on day 7 of the administrations, all the animal groups, excluding a naïve (250 mg/kg aqueous-ethanolic extract-fed), and an intact animal group were induced hepatotoxicity by intraperitoneally administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). All the animals were sacrificed after 24 h, and aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase serum levels were observed, which were noted to be significantly decreased for the aqueous-ethanolic extract, silymarin, and quercetin-fed groups in comparison to the CMC-fed group (p < 0.0001). No noticeable adverse effects were observed on the liver, kidney, or heart's functions of the naïve (250 mg/kg) group. The aqueous-ethanolic extract was found to be safe in the acute toxicity (5 g/kg) test and showed hepatoprotection and safety at higher doses. Further upon, the cytotoxicity testings in HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR (Adriamycin resistant) cell-lines were also investigated, and the IC50 values were recorded at 56.19±2.55 µg/mL, and 78.40±0.32 µg/mL (p < 0.001, Relative Resistance RR 1.39), respectively, while the doxorubicin (Adriamycin) IC50 values were found to be 1.3±0.064, and 4.77±1.05 µg/mL (p < 0.001, RR 3.67), respectively. The HepG-2/ADR cell-lines when tested in a combination of the aqueous-ethanolic extract with doxorubicin, a significant reversal in the doxorubicin's IC50 value by 2.77 folds (p < 0.001, CI = 0.56) was noted as compared to the cytotoxicity test where the extract was absent. The mode of action for the reversal was determined to be synergistic in nature indicating the role of the aqueous-ethanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman A. A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Mahmoud Z. El-Readi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (A.-H.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Salim Sioud
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (A.-H.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Benjamin G. Poulson
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.P); (M.J.)
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.P); (M.J.)
| | - Hussein M. Eldeeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohsen S. Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, JUST, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
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Chen L, Hu C, Hood M, Zhang X, Zhang L, Kan J, Du J. A Novel Combination of Vitamin C, Curcumin and Glycyrrhizic Acid Potentially Regulates Immune and Inflammatory Response Associated with Coronavirus Infections: A Perspective from System Biology Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1193. [PMID: 32344708 PMCID: PMC7230237 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel coronaviruses (CoV) have emerged periodically around the world in recent years. The recurrent spreading of CoVs imposes an ongoing threat to global health and the economy. Since no specific therapy for these CoVs is available, any beneficial approach (including nutritional and dietary approach) is worth investigation. Based on recent advances in nutrients and phytonutrients research, a novel combination of vitamin C, curcumin and glycyrrhizic acid (VCG Plus) was developed that has potential against CoV infection. System biology tools were applied to explore the potential of VCG Plus in modulating targets and pathways relevant to immune and inflammation responses. Gene target acquisition, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted consecutively along with network analysis. The results show that VCG Plus can act on 88 hub targets which are closely connected and associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Specifically, VCG Plus has the potential to regulate innate immune response by acting on NOD-like and Toll-like signaling pathways to promote interferons production, activate and balance T-cells, and regulate the inflammatory response by inhibiting PI3K/AKT, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. All these biological processes and pathways have been well documented in CoV infections studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that VCG Plus may be helpful in regulating immune response to combat CoV infections and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses to prevent the onset of cytokine storm. However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings with system biology tools. Our current approach provides a new strategy in predicting formulation rationale when developing new dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.C.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Chun Hu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 5600 Beach Boulevard, Buena Park, CA 90621, USA;
| | - Molly Hood
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 7575 East Fulton Avenue, Ada, MI 49355, USA;
| | - Xue Zhang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.C.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.C.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.C.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.K.)
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (L.C.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.K.)
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