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Mougin L, Riccetti M, Merlet AN, Bartolucci P, Gellen B, Blervaque L, D'Humières T, Galactéros F, Emhoff CAW, Féasson L, Messonnier LA. Endurance training improves oxygen uptake/demand mismatch, metabolic flexibility and recovery in patients with sickle cell disease. Haematologica 2024; 109:2628-2638. [PMID: 38572551 PMCID: PMC11290513 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) display lower slope coefficients of the oxygen uptake (V̇O2) versus work rate (W) relationship (delineating an O2 uptake/demand mismatch) and a poor metabolic flexibility. Because endurance training improves the microvascular network and increases the activity of oxidative enzymes, including one involved in lipid oxidation, endurance training might improve the slope coefficient of the V̇O2 versus W curve and the metabolic flexibility of SCD patients. Endurance training may also contribute to improve patients' post-exercise cardiopulmonary and metabolic recovery. Fifteen patients with SCD performed a submaximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer before (SIT1) and after (SIT2) 8 weeks of endurance training. Minute ventilation (V̇ E), ventilation rate, heart rate, V̇O2, carbon dioxide production (V̇CO2), respiratory exchange ratio, carbohydrate/lipid utilization and partitioning (including %Lipidox) and blood lactate concentration were measured during and after SIT1 and SIT2. At baseline, the slope coefficient of the V̇O2 versus W curve positively correlated with total hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and percentage of HbF. After training, the slope coefficient of the V̇O2 versus W curve was significantly higher and the increase in blood lactate concentration was delayed. If patients' energy metabolism apparently relied largely on carbohydrate sources during SIT1, %Lipidox tended to increase at low exercise intensities during SIT2, supporting a training-induced improvement of metabolic flexibility in patients with SCD. Post-exercise recovery of ventilation rate, V̇ E/V̇CO2, heart rate and blood lactate concentration was faster after training. We concluded that exercise training in patients with SCD: (i) ameliorated the oxygen uptake/ demand mismatch, (ii) blunted the metabolic inflexibility, and (iii) improved post-exercise cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Mougin
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry
| | - Manon Riccetti
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry
| | - Angèle N Merlet
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France; Myology Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Exercise, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne
| | - Pablo Bartolucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), University Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France; Sickle Cell Referral Centre - UMGGR, Great Paris East Rare Diseases Expertise Platform, UPEC, FHU SENEC, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), Créteil
| | - Barnabas Gellen
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), Créteil
| | - Léo Blervaque
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry
| | - Thomas D'Humières
- Sickle Cell Referral Centre - UMGGR, Great Paris East Rare Diseases Expertise Platform, UPEC, FHU SENEC, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), Créteil, France; Department of Physiology, FHU SENEC, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), Créteil, France; INSERM IMRB U955, Team 8, University Paris Est (UPEC), Créteil
| | - Frédéric Galactéros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), University Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France; Sickle Cell Referral Centre - UMGGR, Great Paris East Rare Diseases Expertise Platform, UPEC, FHU SENEC, Henri-Mondor Hospital (AP-HP), Créteil
| | - Chi-An W Emhoff
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France; Department of Kinesiology, Saint Mary's College of California, Moraga, California
| | - Léonard Féasson
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France; Myology Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Exercise, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne
| | - Laurent A Messonnier
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France; Institut universitaire de France (IUF).
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Adedara AO, Bressan GN, Dos Santos MM, Fachinetto R, Abolaji AO, Barbosa NV. Antioxidant responses driven by Hesperetin and Hesperidin counteract Parkinson's disease-like phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. Neurotoxicology 2024; 101:117-127. [PMID: 38423185 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the protective effects of Hesperetin (HSP) and Hesperidin (HSD) on 1 methyl, 4 phenyl, 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster). After a lifespan study to select exposure time and concentrations, flies were co-exposed to MPTP (0.4 mg/g diet), Hesperetin (0.2 and 0.4 mg/g diet), and Hesperidin (0.1 and 0.4 mg/g) for 7 days. In addition to in vivo parameters, we assayed some markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, thiol content, hydrogen peroxide, and nitrate/nitrite levels, mRNA expression of Keap-1 (Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1), /Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2), catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities), and cholinergic (acetyl cholinesterase activity (AChE) and dopaminergic signaling content and the mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO-like) activity). In addition to increasing the lifespan of flies, we found that both flavonoids counteracted the adverse effects of MPTP on survival, offspring emergence, and climbing ability of flies. Both flavonoids also reduced the oxidative damage on lipids and proteins and reestablished the basal levels of pro-oxidant species and activities of antioxidant enzymes in MPTP-exposed flies. These responses were accompanied by the normalization of the mRNA expression of Keap1/Nrf2 disrupted in flies exposed to MPTP. MPTP exposure also elicited changes in mRNA expression and content of TH as well as in MAO and AChE activity, which were reversed by HST and HSD. By efficiently hindering the oxidative stress in MPTP-exposed flies, our findings support the promising role of Hesperetin and Hesperidin as adjuvant therapy to manage Parkinsonism induced by chemicals such as MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Oluwatosin Adedara
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Drosophila Laboratory, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Getúlio Nicola Bressan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mulling Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roselei Fachinetto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Amos Olalekan Abolaji
- Drosophila Laboratory, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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Lu Y, Zhao D, Cao G, Yin S, Liu C, Song R, Ma J, Sun R, Wu Z, Liu J, Wu P, Wang Y. Research progress on and molecular mechanism of vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Front Surg 2024; 11:1265360. [PMID: 38464666 PMCID: PMC10920358 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2024.1265360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common chronic wounds and a common complication of diabetes. The foot is the main site of diabetic ulcers, which involve small and medium-sized arteries, peripheral nerves, and microcirculation, among others. DFUs are prone to coinfections and affect many diabetic patients. In recent years, interdisciplinary research combining medicine and material science has been increasing and has achieved significant clinical therapeutic effects, and the application of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of DFUs is a typical representative of this progress, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this review, we integrated bioinformatics and literature and found that ferroptosis is an important signaling pathway through which VSD promotes the healing of DFUs and that System Xc-GSH-GPX4 and NAD(P)H-CoQ10-FSP1 are important axes in this signaling pathway, and we speculate that VSD is most likely to inhibit ferroptosis to promote DFU healing through the above axes. In addition, we found that some classical pathways, such as the TNF, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, are also involved in the VSD-mediated promotion of DFU healing. We also compiled and reviewed the progress from clinical studies on VSD, and this information provides a reference for the study of VSD in the treatment of DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpan Lu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Dejie Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqi Cao
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Siyuan Yin
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Song
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaxu Ma
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Chen W, Ye Q, Dong Y. Long term exercise-derived exosomal LncRNA CRNDE mitigates myocardial infarction injury through miR-489-3p/Nrf2 signaling axis. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 55:102717. [PMID: 37940009 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease and troubles patients all over the world. Exosomes produced after long-term exercise training were discovered to mediate intercellular communication and alleviate MI-induced heart injury. However, the detailed roles of long-term exercise-derived exosomal long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) in MI remain uncovered. In this study, we collected and identified long-term exercise-derived exosomes, and established MI or hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model after LncRNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) depletion. This work proved that LncRNA CRNDE was highly expressed in long-term exercise-derived exosomes (p = 0.0078). CRNDE knockdown increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis and oxidative stress (p = 0.0036), and suppressed MI progress (p = 0.0005). CRNDE served as the sponge of miR-489-3p to affect Nrf2 expression (p = 0.0001). MiR-489-3p inhibition effectively reversed the effects of CRNDE depletion on hypoxia cardiomyocytes (p = 0.0002). These findings offered a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Health Management Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China.
| | - Qiaoyi Ye
- Health Management Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Health Management Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China
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李 新, 闫 爱, 常 晋, 李 汾, 朱 娟. [Hesperetin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity in H9c2 Cells by Activating SIRT1/NRF2 Signaling]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:947-953. [PMID: 37866951 PMCID: PMC10579077 DOI: 10.12182/20230960207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether hesperetin (Hes) alleviates doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyocytotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress via regulating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling in H9c2 cells. Methods H9c2 cells were treated with DOX to establish the cardiotoxicity model and were randomly assigned to four groups, a control group (Control) and three treatment groups, receiving respectively DOX (the DOX group), Hes+DOX (the DOX+Hes group), and Hes+SIRT1 inhibitor EX527+DOX (the DOX+Hes+EX527 group). Cellular morphology was observed by the light microscope. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8. DOX-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells was examined by flow cytometry. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the H9c2 cells of the four groups were determied with 2'-7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and SIRT1 as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured using ELISA kits. The expressions of cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome c, SIRT1, Ac-FOXO1, NRF2, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the Control group, the DOX group showed swollen cellular morphology, decreased cell density and viability, and increased LDH activity in the medium ( P<0.01); both apoptosis and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c increased ( P<0.01); the activities of CAT and SOD decreased while the contents of MDA and ROS increased ( P<0.01); the expression of SIRT1, NRF2, and HO-1 decreased, the activity of SIRT1 decreased, and the expression of Ac-FOXO1 increased ( P<0.01). Compared with the DOX group, the DOX+Hes group showed improved cellular morphology, increased cell density and viability, and decreased LDH activity in the medium ( P<0.01); the apoptosis and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c decreased ( P<0.01); the activities of CAT and SOD increased while the levels of MDA and ROS decreased ( P<0.01); the expression of SIRT1, NRF2, and HO-1 increased, the activity of SIRT1 increased, and the expression of Ac-FOXO1 decreased ( P<0.01). Comparison of the findings for the DOX+Hes group and the DOX+Hes+EX527 group showed that EX527 could block the protective effects of Hes against DOX-induced cell injury, oxidative stress, and SIRT1/NRF2 signaling. Conclusion Hes inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis via regulating SIRT1/NRF2 signaling, thereby reducing DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- 新华 李
- 西安医学院 药理学与毒理学教研室 (西安 710021)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - 爱丽 闫
- 西安医学院 药理学与毒理学教研室 (西安 710021)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - 晋瑞 常
- 西安医学院 药理学与毒理学教研室 (西安 710021)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - 汾 李
- 西安医学院 药理学与毒理学教研室 (西安 710021)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - 娟霞 朱
- 西安医学院 药理学与毒理学教研室 (西安 710021)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
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Zhou P, Ma YY, Zhao XN, Hua F. Phytochemicals as potential target on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:207-220. [PMID: 36609715 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently the major cause of death and morbidity on a global scale. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a marker related to metabolism, oxidation, and inflammation induced in CVDs. The overexpression of TXNIP is closely related to the occurrence and development of CVDs. Hence, TXNIP inhibition is critical for reducing the overactivation of its downstream signaling pathway and, as a result, myocardial cell damage. Due to the chemical variety of dietary phytochemicals, they have garnered increased interest for CVDs prevention and therapy. Phytochemicals are a source of medicinal compounds for a variety of conditions, which aids in the development of effective and safe TXNIP-targeting medications. The objective of this article is to find and virtual screen novel safe, effective, and economically viable TXNIP inhibitors from flavonoids, phenols, and alkaloids derived from foods and plants. The results of the docking study revealed that silibinin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, procyanidin B2, hesperetin, icariin, and tilianin in flavonoids, polydatin, resveratrol, and salidroside in phenols, and neferine in alkaloids had the highest Vina scores, indicating that these compounds are the active chemicals on TXNIP. In particular, silibinin can be utilized as a lead chemical in the process of structural alteration. These dietary phytochemicals may aid in the discovery of lead compounds for the development of innovative TXNIP agents for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ni Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hua
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Bellavite P. Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020280. [PMID: 36829840 PMCID: PMC9951959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract these pathologies has increased rapidly over the last two decades. In this paper, studies on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids (especially the two most widely used, hesperidin and quercetin) on animal models of depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease are reviewed. The literature on these topics amounts to a few hundred publications on in vitro and in vivo models (notably in rodents) and provides us with a very detailed picture of the action mechanisms and targets of these substances. These include the decrease in enzymes that produce reactive oxygen and ferroptosis, the inhibition of mono-amine oxidases, the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE system, the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, in the case of AD, the prevention of amyloid-beta aggregation. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes has been documented as a decrease in cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) by microglia and astrocytes, by modulating a number of regulatory proteins such as Nf-kB and NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials on humans are still scarce, preclinical studies allow us to consider hesperidin, quercetin, and other flavonoids as very interesting and safe dietary molecules to be further investigated as complementary treatments in order to prevent neurodegenerative diseases or to moderate their deleterious effects.
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Abdellatif SY, Fares NH, Elsharkawy SH, Mahmoud YI. Calanus oil attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating myocardial remodeling and oxidative stress. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:12-21. [PMID: 36588172 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2163016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Calanus oil, an oil extracted from the marine crustacean Calanus finmarchicus, is one of the richest sources of omega-3 and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Although calanus oil has been shown to have a significant anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-obesity effects in various cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about its effect on pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, the present study was carried out to evaluate the therapeutic effect of calanus oil on cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by subcutaneous injections with isoproterenol (5 mg/kg b.w) for 14 consecutive days. Calanus oil (400 mg/kg) was given orally for 4 weeks. Cardiac pathological remodeling was evaluated by echocardiography, after which morphometric, biochemical, histological and ultrastructural analyses were performed. Calanus oil treatment significantly ameliorated isoproterenol-induced structural and functional alterations in echocardiography. Calanus oil also reduced the relative heart weight, significantly decreased the elevated cardiac enzymes (LDH and CK-MB) and the lipid peroxidation marker (MDA), augmented the myocardial antioxidant status (TAC), and ameliorated the histopathological and ultrastructural changes in cardiac tissues and prevented interstitial collagen deposition. The present study, for the first time, provided morphometric, biochemical, histological and ultrastructural evidences supporting the promising anti-hypertrophic effect of calanus oil against ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy. This anti-hypertrophic effect of calanus oil is via regulating myocardial remodeling and oxidative stress. Therefore, it could be used as potential pharmacological intervention in the management of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagui H Fares
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar H Elsharkawy
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yomna I Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Liu P, Chen J, Qi J, Liu M, Zhang M, Xue Y, Li L, Liu Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Chu L. Hesperetin ameliorates ischemia/hypoxia‐induced myocardium injury via inhibition of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and regulation of Ca
2+
homeostasis. Phytother Res 2022; 37:1787-1805. [PMID: 36437582 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/hypoxia (I/H)-induced myocardial injury has a large burden worldwide. Hesperetin (HSP) has a cardioprotective effect, but the molecular mechanism underlying this is not clearly established. Here, we focused on the protective mechanisms of HSP against I/H-induced myocardium injury. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were challenged with CoCl2 for 22 h to imitate hypoxia after treatment groups received HSP for 4 h. The viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was evaluated, and cardiac function indices, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) were measured. L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L ), myocardial contraction, and Ca2+ transients in isolated ventricular myocytes were also recorded. We found that HSP significantly increased the cell viability, and MMP while significantly decreasing cardiac impairment, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and [Ca2+ ]i caused by CoCl2 . Furthermore, HSP markedly attenuated ICa-L , myocardial contraction, and Ca2+ transients in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings suggest a protective mechanism of HSP on I/H-induced myocardium injury by restoring oxidative balance, inhibiting apoptosis, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs). These data provide a new direction for HSP applied research as a LTCC inhibitor against I/H-induced myocardium injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Qi
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Xue
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshuang Liu
- College of Integrative Medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Scientifc Research Management The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
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10
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Rejuvenation: Turning Back Time by Enhancing CISD2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214014. [PMID: 36430496 PMCID: PMC9695557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging human population with age-associated diseases has become a problem worldwide. By 2050, the global population of those who are aged 65 years and older will have tripled. In this context, delaying age-associated diseases and increasing the healthy lifespan of the aged population has become an important issue for geriatric medicine. CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2), the causative gene for Wolfram syndrome 2 (WFS2; MIM 604928), plays a pivotal role in mediating lifespan and healthspan by maintaining mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum integrity, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and redox status. Here, we summarize the most up-to-date publications on CISD2 and discuss the crucial role that this gene plays in aging and age-associated diseases. This review mainly focuses on the following topics: (1) CISD2 is one of the few pro-longevity genes identified in mammals. Genetic evidence from loss-of-function (knockout mice) and gain-of-function (transgenic mice) studies have demonstrated that CISD2 is essential to lifespan control. (2) CISD2 alleviates age-associated disorders. A higher level of CISD2 during natural aging, when achieved by transgenic overexpression, improves Alzheimer's disease, ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis, and maintains corneal epithelial homeostasis. (3) CISD2, the expression of which otherwise decreases during natural aging, can be pharmaceutically activated at a late-life stage of aged mice. As a proof-of-concept, we have provided evidence that hesperetin is a promising CISD2 activator that is able to enhance CISD2 expression, thus slowing down aging and promoting longevity. (4) The anti-aging effect of hesperetin is mainly dependent on CISD2 because transcriptomic analysis of the skeletal muscle reveals that most of the differentially expressed genes linked to hesperetin are regulated by hesperetin in a CISD2-dependent manner. Furthermore, three major metabolic pathways that are affected by hesperetin have been identified in skeletal muscle, namely lipid metabolism, protein homeostasis, and nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. This review highlights the urgent need for CISD2-based pharmaceutical development to be used as a potential therapeutic strategy for aging and age-associated diseases.
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11
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Obeidat HM, Althunibat OY, Alfwuaires MA, Aladaileh SH, Algefare AI, Almuqati AF, Alasmari F, Aldal’in HK, Alanezi AA, Alsuwayt B, Abukhalil MH. Cardioprotective Effect of Taxifolin against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Injury through Decreasing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Death, and Activating Nrf2/HO-1 in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1546. [PMID: 36358896 PMCID: PMC9687704 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are key components in cardiovascular diseases and heart dysfunction. Herein, we evaluated the protective effects of (+)-taxifolin (TAX), a potent flavonoid with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, on myocardial oxidative tissue injury, inflammation, and cell death, using a mouse model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced acute myocardial injury. Mice were given TAX (25 and 50 mg/kg, orally) for 14 days before receiving two subsequent injections of ISO (100 mg/kg, s.c.) at an interval of 24 h on the 15th and 16th days. The ISO-induced cardiac tissue injury was evidenced by increased serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), along with several histopathological changes. The ISO also induced increased malondialdehyde (MDA) with concomitant declined myocardial glutathione level and antioxidant enzymes activities. Moreover, ISO-induced heart injury was accompained with elevated cardiac NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, and caspase-3, as well as decreased Bcl-2, Nrf2, and HO-1. Remarkably, TAX reduced the severity of cardiac injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, while enhancing antioxidants, Bcl-2, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in ISO-injected mice. In conclusion, TAX protects against ISO-induced acute myocardial injury via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuating the oxidative tissue injury and key regulators of inflammatory response and apoptosis. Thus, our findings imply that TAX may constitute a new cardioprotective therapy against acute MI, which undoubtedly deserves further exploration in upcoming human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Obeidat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Osama Y. Althunibat
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
| | - Manal A. Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleem H. Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen I. Algefare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf F. Almuqati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hammad Khalifeh Aldal’in
- Department of Medical Support, Al-Karak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Karak 19117, Jordan
| | - Abdulkareem A. Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H. Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, Jordan
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12
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Syed AM, Kundu S, Ram C, Kulhari U, Kumar A, Mugale MN, Mohapatra P, Murty US, Sahu BD. Up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling axis by daphnetin alleviates transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 186:17-30. [PMID: 35513128 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components play a crucial role in the adverse outcome of cardiac hypertrophy. Evidence suggests that nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) can modulate oxidative damage and adverse myocardial remodeling. Daphnetin (Daph) is a coumarin obtained from the plant genus Daphne species that exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we investigated the roles of Daph in transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice. TAC-induced alterations in cardiac hypertrophy markers, histopathological changes, and cardiac function were markedly ameliorated by oral administration of Daph in mice. We found that Daph significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and consequently, reinstated the protein levels of NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and other antioxidants in the heart. Besides, Daph significantly inhibited the TAC-induced accumulation of ECM components, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin, and interfered with the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling axis. Further studies revealed that TAC-induced terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive nuclei and the protein levels of Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cleaved caspase 3 were substantially decreased by Daph treatment. We further characterized the effect of Daph on angiotensin II (Ang-II)-stimulated H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells and observed that Daph markedly decreased the Ang-II induced increase in cell size, production of ROS, and proteins associated with apoptosis and fibrosis. Mechanistically, Daph alone treatment enhanced the protein levels of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 in H9c2 cells. The inhibition of this axis by Si-Nrf2 transfection abolished the protective effect of Daph in H9c2 cells. Taken together, Daph effectively counteracted the TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by improving the Nrf2/HO-1 axis and inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Uttam Kulhari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Purusottam Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, Assam, India.
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13
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Gao J, Song G, Shen H, Wu Y, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Jiang Q, Li X, Ma X, Tan B, Yin Y. Allicin Improves Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Prevents LPS-Induced Barrier Damages of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Monolayers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:847861. [PMID: 35185936 PMCID: PMC8854216 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.847861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut barrier disruption is the initial pathogenesis of various diseases. We previously reported that dietary allicin improves tight junction proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum stressed jejunum. However, whether the allicin benefits the gut barrier within mycotoxin or endotoxin exposure is unknown. In the present study, IPEC-J2 cell monolayers within or without deoxynivalenol (DON) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges were employed to investigate the effects of allicin on intestinal barrier function and explore the potential mechanisms. Results clarified that allicin at 2 μg/mL increased the viability, whereas the allicin higher than 10 μg/mL lowered the viability of IPEC-J2 cells via inhibiting cell proliferation. Besides, allicin increased trans-epithelial electric resistance (TEER), decreased paracellular permeability, and enhanced ZO-1 integrity of the IPEC-J2 cell monolayers. Finally, allicin supplementation prevented the LPS-induced barrier damages via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-dependent antioxidant system. In conclusion, the present study strongly confirmed allicin as an effective nutrient to improve intestinal barrier function and prevent bacterial endotoxin-induced barrier damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Gao
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanzhong Song
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Shen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongqi Zhao
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Jiang,
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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14
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Zhang M, Wei L, Xie S, Xing Y, Shi W, Zeng X, Chen S, Wang S, Deng W, Tang Q. Activation of Nrf2 by Lithospermic Acid Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Phosphorylation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α (AMPK α). Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:794982. [PMID: 34899356 PMCID: PMC8661697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As a plant-derived polycyclic phenolic carboxylic acid isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, lithospermic acid (LA) has been identified as the pharmacological management for neuroprotection and hepatoprotection. However, the role and mechanism of lithospermic acid in the pathological process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury are not fully revealed. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) surgery and pretreated by LA (50 mg/kg, oral gavage) for six consecutive days before operation. The in vitro model of hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) was induced by hypoxia for 24 h and reoxygenation for 6 h in H9C2 cells, which were subsequently administrated with lithospermic acid (100 μM). Nrf2 siRNA and dorsomorphin (DM), an inhibitor of AMPKα, were used to explore the function of AMPKα/Nrf2 in LA-mediated effects. Results: LA pretreatment attenuates infarct area and decreases levels of TnT and CK-MB in plasm following MI/R surgery in mice. Echocardiography and hemodynamics indicate that LA suppresses MI/R-induced cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, LA ameliorates oxidative stress and cardiomyocytes apoptosis following MI/R operation or HR in vivo and in vitro. In terms of mechanism, LA selectively activates eNOS, simultaneously increases nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of Nrf2 and promotes Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in vivo and in vitro, while cardioprotection of LA is abolished by pharmacological inhibitor of AMPK or Nrf2 siRNA in H9C2 cells. Conclusion: LA protects against MI/R-induced cardiac injury by promoting eNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling via phosphorylation of AMPKα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Saiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
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15
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Yuan M, Zhao B, Jia H, Zhang C, Zuo X. Sinomenine ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy by activating Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12778-12788. [PMID: 34895050 PMCID: PMC8810090 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a result of the physiological adaptation of the heart to coronary heart disease, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Sinomenine is extracted from Caulis Sinomenii. This study aimed to explore the specific mechanism of the action of sinomenine in cardiac hypertrophy (CH) via Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. To establish a model of CH, H9C2 cells were treated with angiotensin II (Ang II) and intraperitoneally injected with isoproterenol. Then the cells were treated with 50 and 100 μM sinomenine. TUNEL, HE, rhodamine-labeled phalloidin, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis rates. mRNA expression of ANP, BNP, and β-MHC was determined by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, western blotting was performed to analyze protein expression. After sinomenine treatment, the surface area and apoptosis rates were decreased. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of ANP, BNP, and β-MHC, levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and protein expression of Caspase3 and Bax were down-regulated, and the protein expression of Bcl-2 was upregulated. Sinomenine activates the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, and inhibition of this signaling pathway reversed the effects of sinomenine. In animal experiments, sinomenine decreased the heart weight and left ventricular weight indices, as well as the expression of ANP, BNP, and β-MHC. Furthermore, sinomenine reduced the apoptosis rate and relieved CH-related oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Together, these findings reveal that sinomenine is a potential candidate drug for CH treatment and further research is required to generalize the result in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- ManLi Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Jia
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Zuo
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Sundaresan S, John S, Paneerselvam G, Andiapppan R, Christopher G, Selvam GS. Gallic acid attenuates cadmium mediated cardiac hypertrophic remodelling through upregulation of Nrf2 and PECAM-1signalling in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103701. [PMID: 34237468 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is an abundant natural polyphenolic compound found in vegetable and fruits that reduces the cardiac disease risk factor. This study aims to evaluate GA's role on cadmium (Cd) induced cardiac remodelling in experimental rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed to Cd (15 ppm) in drinking water and administered with GA orally (15 mg/kg/d) for 60 days. The results showed that GA regulated the lipid profile and reduced the LDL to 57 % compared with Cd treated rats. GA inhibited cardiac marker enzymes activity of CK-NAC (to 72.7 %) and CK-MB (to 100.3 %). Moreover, GA attenuated lipid peroxidation and enhanced the cardiac glutathione S transferase (GST) activity (89.2 %), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (87 %), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (88.4 %) and catalase (CAT) activity (86.5 %). Histopathological examination showed that GA impaired the ventricular hypertrophy and fibrotic proliferation induced by Cd in rats. The combination of GA + Cd, decreased the gene expression of ANP (1-fold), BNP (0.5-fold) and β- MHC (0.9-fold). Furthermore, GA significantly reduced the expression of profibrotic (TGF-β) and proinflammatory (MCP-1) gene in Cd intoxicated rats. GA upregulated the expression of Nrf2 (2-fold), HO-1 (3-fold), and PECAM-1 (0.6-fold), which augments the detoxifying enzyme activity and cellular immunity in Cd intoxicated rats. The increased protein expression of Nrf2, PECAM-1 and decreased AKT-1 levels confirmed the mechanical action of GA during the hypertrophic condition. Thus, our results suggest that GA could act as a potential therapeutic agent regulating Nrf2 and PECAM-1 signalling pathways, thereby ameliorating Cd-induced pathological cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikumar Sundaresan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samu John
- Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thycaud, Poojapura, P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Gomathi Paneerselvam
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Chen X, Wan W, Guo Y, Ye T, Fo Y, Sun Y, Qu C, Yang B, Zhang C. Pinocembrin ameliorates post-infarct heart failure through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Mol Med 2021; 27:100. [PMID: 34488618 PMCID: PMC8422663 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00363-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is an important factor involved in the progress of heart failure. The current study was performed to investigate whether pinocembrin was able to ameliorate post-infarct heart failure (PIHF) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Rats were carried out left anterior descending artery ligation to induce myocardial infarction and subsequently raised for 6 weeks to produce chronic heart failure. Then pinocembrin was administrated every other day for 2 weeks. The effects were evaluated by echocardiography, western blot, Masson’s staining, biochemical examinations, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence. In vitro we also cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes and cardiac myofibroblasts to further testify the mechanisms. Results We found that PIHF-induced deteriorations of cardiac functions were significantly ameliorated by administrating pinocembrin. In addition, the pinocembrin treatment also attenuated collagen deposition and augmented vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in infarct border zone along with an attenuated apoptosis, which were related to an amelioration of oxidative stress evidenced by reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in heart tissue and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, and increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD). This were accompanied by upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. In vitro experiments we found that specific Nrf2 inhibitor significantly reversed the effects resulted from pinocembrin including antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis and neovascularization, which further indicated the amelioration of PIHF by pinocembrin was in a Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-dependent manner. Conclusion Pinocembrin ameliorated cardiac functions and remodeling resulted from PIHF by ROS scavenging and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation which further attenuated collagen fibers deposition and apoptosis, and facilitated angiogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00363-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxin Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Fo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Protective Role of Polyphenols in Heart Failure: Molecular Targets and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Their Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041668. [PMID: 33562294 PMCID: PMC7914665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death in the United States, with a 5-year mortality rate of 50% despite modern pharmacological therapies. Plant-based diets are comprised of a diverse polyphenol profile, which lends to their association with reduced cardiovascular disease risk. Whether a polyphenol-rich diet can slow the progression of or reverse HF in humans is not known. To date, in vitro and in vivo studies have reported on the protective role of polyphenols in HF. In this review, we will discuss the major mechanisms by which polyphenols mitigate HF in vitro and in vivo, including (1) reduced cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress, (2) reduced mitochondrial dysfunction, (3) improved Ca2+ homeostasis, (4) increased survival signaling, and (5) increased sirtuin 1 activity.
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