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Rubió-Ferrer G, Rovira-Lastra B, Khoury-Ribas L, Flores-Orozco EI, Ayuso-Montero R, Martinez-Gomis J. Reference values and reliability of occlusal force distribution and occlusal time measured by the T-Scan system in adults with healthy dentition. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:558-564. [PMID: 38469973 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Reference values of occlusal characteristics are needed to interpret the data obtained using the T-Scan System. This study aimed to establish reference values for and to assess the reliability of, occlusal force distribution in the maximal intercuspal position and the occlusion time in young adults with healthy dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total 178 adults with natural dentition participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study, of whom 76 performed a retest session. Several occlusal recordings were obtained from each participant using the T-Scan system while asking them to bite two or three consecutive times (multi-bite) or only once (single-bite) at the maximal intercuspal position. The lateral and anteroposterior occlusal force distribution were determined as percentages in the right and posterior teeth . Occlusion time was measured in seconds. After the occlusal force distribution and occlusion time percentiles were calculated, reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS The 5th-95th percentiles for occlusal force distribution were 34%-67% on the right teeth and 55%-94% on the posterior teeth. The 90th percentile for multi-bite occlusion time was 0.17 s and for single-bite occlusion time was 0.27 s. The intraclass correlation coefficients for lateral occlusal force distribution, anteroposterior occlusal force distribution, multi-bite occlusion time, and single-bite occlusion time were 0.70, 0.68, 0.58, and 0.67, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study generated reference values for key occlusal characteristics (occlusal force distribution and occlusion time) when using the T-Scan system. These values showed moderate reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Rubió-Ferrer
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bernat Rovira-Lastra
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Khoury-Ribas
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elan Ignacio Flores-Orozco
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Mexico
- Edificio de la Unidad Académica de Odontología, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Raul Ayuso-Montero
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Martinez-Gomis
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Jauregi M, Amezua X, Iturrate M, Solaberrieta E. Repeatability and reproducibility of 2 digital occlusal analyzers for measuring the right- and left-side balance of occlusal contact forces: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 132:179-187. [PMID: 37661548 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Although different digital occlusal analyzers have been marketed, comparative studies are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the repeatability and reproducibility of 2 different digital occlusal analyzers (T-Scan and OccluSense) for measuring the right- and left-side balance of occlusal contact forces. MATERIAL AND METHODS The repeatability and reproducibility of the 2 digital occlusal analyzers for measuring the balance of occlusal contact forces were determined and compared by using the Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility tests based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO 5725-2 and ISO 5725-3 standards. Ten different dental casts were mounted in the maximum intercuspation position on a semi-adjustable articulator. Then, the balance of occlusal contact forces in each of the 10 articulated dental casts was measured 24 times with each of the 2 digital occlusal analyzers. In addition, as the OccluSense, unlike the T-Scan, does not have a centering support for the piezoelectric film sensor, measurements with it were performed without and with a custom-designed and manufactured centering support. Finally, the repeatability and reproducibility of both digital occlusal analyzers were determined and compared using the Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility tests. RESULTS The repeatability and reproducibility tests revealed that only 0.8% of the variance of the measurements obtained with the T-Scan was due to repeatability and reproducibility (0.4% repeatability, 0.4% reproducibility). In contrast, 12% of the variance of the measurements obtained with the OccluSense was due to repeatability and reproducibility (2.2% repeatability, 9.8% reproducibility). However, when using OccluSense with the centering support, the variance decreased to 6.4% (2.8% repeatability, 3.6% reproducibility). According to the Automotive Industry Action Group classification, the repeatability and reproducibility of the T-Scan were good, those of the OccluSense poor, and those of the OccluSense with the centering support medium. CONCLUSIONS The repeatability and reproducibility of the T-Scan were significantly better than those of the OccluSense for measuring the balance of occlusal contact forces. Furthermore, the repeatability and reproducibility of the OccluSense were significantly improved when used with a device to center the piezoelectric film sensor between the incisors. Nevertheless, the repeatability and reproducibility of the T-Scan were better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Jauregi
- Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Xabier Amezua
- Assistant Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mikel Iturrate
- Assistant Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eneko Solaberrieta
- Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
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Rovira-Lastra B, Khoury-Ribas L, Flores-Orozco EI, Ayuso-Montero R, Chaurasia A, Martinez-Gomis J. Accuracy of digital and conventional systems in locating occlusal contacts: A clinical study. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 132:115-122. [PMID: 37612195 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The accuracy of methods used for locating occlusal contacts throughout the entire clinical procedure has been poorly studied. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to determine the reproducibility and criterion validity for different methods of locating occlusal contacts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-two adults with natural dentitions participated in this cross-sectional test-retest study. In total, occlusal contacts at maximum intercuspation were recorded by using 15 methods: silicone transillumination with Occlufast Rock (40, 50, 100, and 200 µm) and Occlufast CAD (40 and 50 µm); virtual occlusion (100, 200, 300, and 400 µm); articulating film (12-, 40-, 100-, and 200-µm-thick); and T-Scan III. Images of the occlusal records were scaled and calibrated spatially, and the occlusal contacts of the right posterior mandibular teeth were delimited by using the FIJI software program. Reproducibility was expressed as 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the percentage of agreement in the location of the occlusal contacts between images from the test sessions against retest sessions using the same method. Criterion validity was expressed as 95% CI of the percentage of agreement in the location of the occlusal contacts between images from the test sessions against images from Occlufast Rock (criterion standard). RESULTS Occlufast Rock achieved 85% to 95% agreement in the location of the occlusal contacts between the 2 sessions, whereas Occlufast CAD, 200-µm articulating film, and T-Scan offered 79% to 86%, 68% to 75%, and 65% to 75% agreement, respectively. The most valid method was Occlufast CAD (74% to 80%) followed by the 200-µm articulating film (57% to 63%), 400-µm virtual occlusion (53% to 62%), 100-µm articulating film (52% to 60%), and T-Scan (48% to 56%). CONCLUSIONS Conventional methods, such as 100- and 200-µm articulating film and digital methods, including 400 µm virtual occlusion and T-Scan, offer sufficient accuracy in locating the occlusal contacts. However, strategies are needed to improve accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Rovira-Lastra
- Assistant Professor, Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laura Khoury-Ribas
- Assistant Professor, Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elan-Ignacio Flores-Orozco
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Nayarit, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Raul Ayuso-Montero
- Associate Professor, Department of Odontostomatology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Akhilanand Chaurasia
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Jordi Martinez-Gomis
- Associate Professor, Serra Hunter Fellow, Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; and Researcher, Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Moldovan F, Moldovan L. Evaluation of Community Involvement and Development in an Orthopedic Hospital. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1286. [PMID: 38998821 PMCID: PMC11241023 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving healthcare requires appropriate community involvement supported by appropriate partner engagement methods. This research aims to develop a complex tool for evaluating the social responsibility of health facilities regarding community involvement and development. We developed areas of a new reference framework for the sustainability of healthcare organizations, which includes the area of community involvement and expansion. It is made up of nine indicators. These were designed using the most representative activities reported by hospitals around the world. Their testing was conducted in an orthopedic emergency hospital. The designed indicators are community engagement actions; the interventions' content adapted to the community; partnership and networking; the involvement of volunteers and training networks; the involvement and participation of professional associations; community-involved local opinion leaders; satisfaction with partnerships; initiatives together with the community; and educational visits. The testing and validation of health practices of the indicators highlighted their adequacy with the proposed purpose of the research and the promotion of sustainable development. We have also verified their compatibility with the requirements of national hospital accreditation legislation and the European framework for quality assurance in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviu Moldovan
- Orthopedics—Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Liviu Moldovan
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
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Wang Q, Zhao Z, Li J, Zhao R, Zhou M, Tang K, Bai S, Ma C, Wang F. In vivo evaluation of T-Scan in quantifying occlusal contact. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38926933 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The T-scan system has been used previously to analyse occlusion, but the quantitative analysis of occlusal contact by T-Scan system has yet to be reported. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the reliability and validity of T-Scan system for quantitatively measuring occlusal contact area and occlusal contact number. METHODS Twenty-two individuals with normal occlusion, 11 men and 11 women, were recruited for the study. Two occlusal analysis methods, including silicone transmission analysis method (STA) and T-Scan occlusion analysis method (TSO), were used to make quantitative analysis to measure occlusal contact area (OCA) and occlusal contact number (OCN). A test-retest check was performed with an interval of 2 weeks. The values of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between test-retest of each method were calculated for reliability evaluation. Pearson correlations analysis, paired t-tests, regression analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were performed for validity evaluation. RESULTS The ICC values of STA were greater than those of TSO for OCA while for OCN, ICC values of TSO were greater than STA. The higher OCA and OCN values were found in TSO compared with STA. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated strong relations between TSO and STA (0.730-0.812) for OCA, while good relations between then (0.569-0.583) for OCN. Paired t-test showed a significant difference between the OCA and OCN values between TSO and STA. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between OCA and OCN values of TSO and STA both in men and women. Regression analysis identified a linear correlation between OCA values obtained from these two methods. CONCLUSIONS T-Scan method showed strong reliability for measuring OCA and OCN quantitatively. Strong correlations were found between OCA values from TSO and STA method, but the validity of TSO for measuring OCN needs to be promoted. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE T-Scan system demonstrates good potential in quantitative analysis of occlusion, which will expand its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jiale Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Kai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Shizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chufan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Fu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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Salvi GE, Roccuzzo A, Imber JC, Stähli A, Klinge B, Lang NP. Clinical periodontal diagnosis. Periodontol 2000 2023. [PMID: 37452444 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases include pathological conditions elicited by the presence of bacterial biofilms leading to a host response. In the diagnostic process, clinical signs such as bleeding on probing, development of periodontal pockets and gingival recessions, furcation involvement and presence of radiographic bone loss should be assessed prior to periodontal therapy, following active therapy, and during long-term supportive care. In addition, patient-reported outcomes such as increased tooth mobility, migration, and tilting should also be considered. More important to the patient, however, is the fact that assessment of signs of periodontal diseases must be followed by an appropriate treatment plan. Furthermore, it should be realized that clinical and radiographic periodontal diagnosis is based on signs which may not reflect the presence of active disease but rather represent the sequelae of a previous bacterial challenge. Hence, the aim of the present review is to provide a summary of clinical and radiographic diagnostic criteria required to classify patients with periodontal health or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni E Salvi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Björn Klinge
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklaus P Lang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Wang M, Liu L, Ma X, Jin X, Zhang Z, Jia X, Fan J, Tang H, Li Y. Computerized dynamic occlusal analysis and its correlation with static characters in post-orthodontic patients using the T-Scan system and the ABO objective grading system. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:312. [PMID: 37217888 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to detect the overall performance of both static and dynamic occlusion in post-orthodontic patients using quantified methods, and to ascertain the correlation between the two states of occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 112 consecutive patients evaluated by ABO-OGS were included in this study. Based on the pre-treatment Angle's classification of the malocclusion, samples were divided into four groups. After removing orthodontic appliances, each patients underwent the American Board of Orthodontic objective grading system (ABO-OGS) and T-Scan evaluations. All the scores were compared within these groups. Statistical evaluation included reliability tests, multivariate ANOVA, and correlation analyses (p < 0.05 was considered significant). RESULTS The mean ABO-OGS score was satisfactory and did not differ by Angle classifications. The indices making substantial contributions to ABO-OGS were occlusal contacts, occlusal relationships, overjet, and alignment. Disocclusion time in post-orthodontic patients was longer than normal. Occlusion time, disocclusion time, and force distribution during dynamic motions were considerably influenced by static ABO-OGS measurements, especially occlusal contacts, buccolingual inclination, and alignment. CONCLUSION Post-orthodontic cases that passed the static evaluation of clinicians and ABO-OGS may nevertheless be left with dental casts interference in dynamic motions. Both static and dynamic occlusion should be extensively evaluated before ending orthodontic treatment. Further research is needed on dynamic occlusal guidelines and standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xihua Ma
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmin Jia
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Jiadong Fan
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China.
| | - Haoning Tang
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fucheng Road, 100048, Beijing, China.
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Jauregi M, Amezua X, Manso AP, Solaberrieta E. Positional influence of center of masticatory forces on occlusal contact forces using a digital occlusal analyzer. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00171-3. [PMID: 37003941 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Digital occlusal analyzers allow the recording of dental contact forces. Some authors assume a unique location for the center of contact forces at the position of maximum intercuspation, while others indicate variations in dental contact forces when recorded at different times of the day. Which approach is more appropriate is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze whether a change in the balance of masticatory forces influences the location of the center of contact forces and its magnitude. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three different dental casts, selected under dental criteria, were mounted in maximum intercuspation on a semiadjustable articulator equipped with a pattern indicating 9 different force application points (intersection point between 3 longitudinal rows and 3 transverse columns). A force of constant magnitude (169 N) was applied 10 times at each of the application points, and occlusal forces were recorded with a digital occlusal analyzer. Then, two variables were studied: the location of the center of contact forces and its magnitude. Each force application position (9 positions × 3 dental casts=27 in total) was repeated 10 times, and measured data were statistically analyzed with 2-way repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05) test. RESULTS The repeatability of the method indicated that the coefficient of variation mean was 0.37% in the location of the center of contact forces and that its magnitude was 3.70%. The 2-way repeated measures ANOVA test revealed statistically significant variations in the location of the center of contact forces and its magnitude, revealing that longitudinal changes of the application point of masticatory forces affected the magnitude of contact forces and that longitudinal and transverse changes of the application point of masticatory forces affected the location of the center of contact forces. CONCLUSIONS The location of the center of contact force and its magnitude provided by a digital occlusal analyzer at the position of maximum intercuspation are not necessarily unique to each articulated dental cast. Even if the intensity of the masticatory force remains unchanged, changes in its lateral or longitudinal balance also influence the result of the occlusion forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Jauregi
- Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Xabier Amezua
- Assistant Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Angel P Manso
- Associate Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eneko Solaberrieta
- Associate Professor, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
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In vivo evaluation of the reliability and validity of three digital occlusion analysis methods. J Dent 2022; 127:104355. [PMID: 36332701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The reliability and validity of three digital occlusion analysis methods was evaluated in vivo. METHODS The three method evalueated were:scanning of articulating paper marks (SA), dental prescale occlusal analysis system (DP) and a virtual occlusion constructed method (VO). A conventional silicone transmission method (ST) was used as the standard for comparison. Each of the 20 enroled human subjects was tested with the four methods. Retest of each method was performed at 2-week intervals. Occlusal contact area (OCA) and occlusal contact numbers (OCN) were calculated for analyses. For reliability evaluation, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the OCA and OCN values obtained from each method were compared. For validity evaluation, Pearson correlations coefficients, paired t-tests, regression analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were examined. RESULTS The ICC values of OCA and OCN were in the order: ST>SA>DP>VO. The highest OCA and OCN values were found ST while the lowest values were obtained from DP. Paired t-test identified a significant difference when OCA values obtained from the three digital methods were compared with ST, and between the OCN values of DP and ST. Pearson correlation showed high coefficients between ST and three digital methods (0.583-0.885 for OCA; 0.779-0.836 for OCN). A significant linear correlation was found between the results from ST and those from SA or VO. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between OCN values of SA and ST, and between those of VO and ST. CONCLUSIONS The three digital occlusal analysis methods showed good reliability and validity for in vivo clinical application. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The three digital occlusion analysis systems examined demonstrate good potential in in vivo quantitative analysis, with good reliability and validity. The use of these analytical methods should facilitate digital workflow in clinical practice.
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Huang YF, Wang CM, Shieh WY, Liao YF, Hong HH, Chang CT. The correlation between two occlusal analyzers for the measurement of bite force. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:472. [PMID: 36335336 PMCID: PMC9636614 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occlusal force represents masticatory function. Using quantifiable occlusal indicators provides a more objective occlusal force evaluation. In the recent dental practice, digital methods such as the Dental Prescale II (DP2, GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) and T-scan (T-Scan III v8; Tekscan Inc.) are commonly used in clinics to evaluate treatment outcomes. The T-scan provides the relative bite force (%) compared to the maximal bite force on individual teeth or the unilateral arch. The DP2 can quantify occlusal force, measured in newtons (N), on the half arch or the overall bite, but it is difficult to identify the bite force on an individual tooth. It is difficult to select a device that fulfils all the requirements to record occlusal force. This study aimed to investigate the association between the bite measured by the DPS2 and T-scan to determine whether the measured bite force is comparable through calculation. Methods A total of 80 healthy adults, including 41 women and 39 men with a mean age of 38.2, were requested to bite pressure sensitive film sheets ten minutes apart. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate the measured bite force by the DP2 and T-scan. Results There was a significant positive correlation between the occlusal force measured by the DP2 and T-scan (P < 0.01) when intercept was equal to zero as confounders were adjused. These results provided the comparability of the measured occlusal forces determined by the DP2 and T-scan. Conclusion The estimated bite force determined by DP2 and T-Scan is convertible using the linear equation from this study to increase the value for clinical applications. The estimated bite force from the two quantifiable occlusal indicators are comparable. The two commercially available quantifiable occlusal indicators can be fully adapted to all clinical requirements according to this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Huang
- grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33305 Linkou, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Man Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, 33305 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wann-Yun Shieh
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Liao
- grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 10507 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33378 Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33305 Linkou, Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hsi Hong
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 33302 Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.413801.f0000 0001 0711 0593Department of Periodontology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 33305 Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ta Chang
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.414746.40000 0004 0604 4784Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, No. 21, Sec. 2, Nanya S. Rd., Banciao Dist, 22056 New Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.413050.30000 0004 1770 3669Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, 32003 Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Vu H, Lee JK, Kim HD. Development a new chewing problem directory and its validation for Korean elders. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:255. [PMID: 35752793 PMCID: PMC9233340 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to develop a new chewing problem directory (CPD) and validate it with oral health indicators such as total occlusion force, number of natural and rehabilitated teeth (NRT), NRT posterior, natural teeth, natural teeth posterior, and dental status among Korean elders. Background Chewing problem is the main oral health problem in elders. However, there has been no validated tool using both subjective and objective assessment of chewing problem. Subjects and methods A total of 537 participants aged 65 years or more were randomly assigned into 2 subsamples: developing sample (n = 260) for developing and internally validating the new CPD as the 1st stage and confirmation sample (n = 277) for confirming validation of CPD as the 2nd stage. CPD was developed using three subjective questionnaires (general eating, chewing nuts, and chewing meat problem) and objective NRT. Periodontitis, age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, metabolic syndrome, and frailty were considered as confounders. Following the development of CPD, CPD was validated using multiple multivariable logistic regression after controlling for confounders in confirmation sample and total sample. Results The Cronbach’s alpha value for three subjective questionnaires of CPD was 0.87. Among oral health indicators, NRT (0–28) showed the highest impact association with subjective chewing problem score (partial r = − 0.276). The chewing problem from the new CPD was associated with all items of oral health indicators. The prevalence of chewing problems by CPD was 57.7% in developing sample. Elders with NRT ≤ 24, compared with those with NRT ≥ 25, showed the highest impact on chewing problems by new CPD (Odds Ratio = 7.3 in the confirmation sample and 5.04 in the total sample, p < 0.05) among oral health indicators. Conclusion This new CPD was developed as a valid tool to evaluate the chewing problem for Korean elders in dental clinics and community-based settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Vu
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Duck Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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