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Zhao Y, Peng Y, Wang M, Zhao Y, He Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Zheng S. Exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a cohort study in Northwest of China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:304. [PMID: 39002087 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating animal studies have demonstrated associations between ambient air pollution (AP) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), but relevant epidemiological evidence is limited. We evaluated the association of long-term exposure to AP with the risk of incident MAFLD in Northwest China. The average AP concentration between baseline and follow-up was used to assess individual exposure levels. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline functions (RCS) were used to estimate the association of PM2.5 and its constituents with the risk of MAFLD and the dose-response relationship. Quantile g-computation was used to assess the joint effects of mixed exposure to air pollutants on MAFLD and the weights of the various pollutants. We observed 1516 cases of new-onset MAFLD, with an incidence of 10.89%. Increased exposure to pollutants was significantly associated with increased odds of MAFLD, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.93 (95% CI: 1.22, 7.00), 2.86 (1.44, 5.66), 7.55 (3.39, 16.84), 4.83 (1.89, 12.38), 3.35 (1.35, 8.34), 1.89 (1.02, 1.62) for each interquartile range increase in PM2.5, SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, OM, and BC, respectively. Stratified analyses suggested that females, frequent exercisers and never-drinkers were more susceptible to MAFLD associated with ambient PM2.5 and its constituents. Mixed exposure to SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, OM and BC was associated with an increased risk of MAFLD, and the weight of BC had the strongest effect on MAFLD. Exposure to ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yindi Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Minzhen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yingqian He
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Damiani G, Sebastiano M, Dell'Omo G, Costantini D. Blood transcriptome analysis of common kestrel nestlings living in urban and non-urban environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172585. [PMID: 38641099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Urbanisation is one of the main anthropogenic forms of land cover affecting an ever-increasing number of wild animals and their habitats. Physiological plasticity represents an important process through which animals can adjust to the novel conditions of anthropogenic environments. Relying on the analysis of gene expression, it is possible to identify the molecular responses to the habitat conditions and infer possible environmental factors that affect the organismal physiology. We have quantified for the first time the blood transcriptome of common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) nestlings living in urban sites and compared it to the transcriptome of kestrel nestlings inhabiting rural and natural environments. We found mild differences in the expression of genes among sites, indicating adaptability or acclimation of the birds to the urban habitat. We identified 58 differentially expressed genes between urban and natural kestrels, and 12 differentially expressed genes between urban and rural kestrels. The most striking differences among sites involved inflammatory-immunological, metabolic, apoptosis, DNA repair and development genes. In particular, we found that (i) urban kestrel nestlings had higher expression of genes linked to inflammation, repair of DNA damage, or apoptosis than natural kestrel nestlings, and (ii) natural and rural kestrel nestlings had higher expression of genes linked to the development and activation of immune cells, type I interferon response, or major histocompatibility complex than urban kestrel nestlings. Finally, the KEGG enrichment analysis identified the insulin signalling as the main pathway that differed between natural and urban kestrel nestlings. This is one of a limited number of studies on vertebrates that revealed habitat-associated differences in the transcriptome. It paves the way for further in-depth studies on the links between physiological variation and habitat structure at different spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Damiani
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; Ornis italica, Piazza Crati 15, 00199 Rome, Italy.
| | - Manrico Sebastiano
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - David Costantini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; Ornis italica, Piazza Crati 15, 00199 Rome, Italy; Unité Physiologie Moléculaire et Adaptation, UMR7221-Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
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Hu B, Xu L, Yang X, Qu S, Wu L, Sun Y, Yan J, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Wang Y, Jia R. Association between ambient air pollution exposure in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome in Nanjing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:116266-116278. [PMID: 37910359 PMCID: PMC10682106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Antenatal exposure to air pollutants is thought to be associated with a variety of maternal blood markers as well as adverse birth outcomes. However, the dysgenic influence of air pollutants on the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in mothers and their pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. In the current study, 371 mother-infant pairs (189 healthy: 182 APS) from Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital as well as air pollutants concentration from their living environment were used to investigate correlations between air pollution with maternal blood indicators and fetal birth weight in the groups of APS and healthy mothers. Generalized linear model was used to evaluate the contributions of air pollutant exposure during pregnancy to the blood indicators variation. The relationships between birth weight with specific air pollutant and blood index were analyzed using ridge regression. Results showed that APS fetal birth weight was significantly impacted by air pollutant exposure during pregnancy, in particular, the birth weight decreased significantly along with increasing fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and fine particulate matter 10 (PM10) exposure concentrations throughout pregnancy. In contrast, birth weight increased significantly with sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure. In addition, APS-related blood indicators comprised of platelet distribution width (PDW), total bilirubin (TBIL), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-larger cell ratio (P_LCR), homocysteine (HCY), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), basophilic granulocyte (BAS), platelet thrombocytocrit (PCT), preprandial glucose levels (OGTT0), monocytes (MON), and monocytes ratio (MON_ratio) were also strongly related with prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, in which PDW levels showed most strongly negative impaction on fetal birth weight. Together, we showed that prenatal exposure to air pollutant (PM2.5 and PM10) may exacerbate the poor birth outcomes of low birth weight by impacting APS maternal blood indicators especially for PDW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimei Hu
- Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linjie Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiwen Qu
- Lianyungang Branch of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- Information Center, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yexiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoer Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruizhe Jia
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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Cui H, Qi Y, Guo C, Tang N. The effect of PM 2.5 exposure on the mortality of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Tianjin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28039-1. [PMID: 37273052 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown the effects of PM2.5 exposure on respiratory and cardiovascular systems. However, there is no cohort study evidence of adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure on survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. This study is aimed at evaluating this association. This cohort study included 1440 HCC patients treated at the Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University from September 2013 to December 2018. We collected patient information, including demographic data, medical history, lifestyle characteristics, and disease characteristics. Based on PM2.5 concentrations measured at monitoring stations, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method was used to assess the individuals' exposure during their survival period. Survival status was analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the relationship between PM2.5 and mortality, and potential confounders were adjusted for. The mortality rate of HCC patients exposed to PM2.5 ≥ 58.56 μg/m3 was significantly higher than that of HCC patients living in environments with PM2.5 < 58.56 μg/m3 (79.0% vs 50.7%, P < 0.001). The restricted cubic spline model showed a linear relationship between the PM2.5 concentration and mortality risk (P overall-association < 0.0001 and P nonlinear-association = 0.3568). Cox regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, for every 10-μg/m3 increase in atmospheric PM2.5, the risk of death for HCC patients increased by 44% [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 1.56; P < 0.001]. Compared with patients exposed to PM2.5 <58.56 μg/m3, those exposed to PM2.5 ≥ 58.56 μg/m3 had a 1.55-fold increased risk of death. Stratified analysis results showed that the effects of PM2.5 on HCC mortality were more significant in patients aged ≥60 years or patients living in central urban areas. We found that exposure to elevated PM2.5 after HCC diagnosis may affect survival, with a higher concentration corresponding to a greater effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Ye Qi
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Meteorological Station Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chunyue Guo
- The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
- Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Meteorological Station Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Pan L, Sui J, Xu Y, Zhao Q, Cai Y, Sun G, Xia H. Effect of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Liver Enzymes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2803. [PMID: 36833499 PMCID: PMC9956188 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies have presented that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) regulates liver enzyme levels in the development of liver diseases, the evidence regarding the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and liver enzyme is not robust. We further aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to summarize the recent evidence on the effects of PM2.5 on liver enzyme in humans. In the meta-analysis, we retrieved online databases including PubMed and Web of Science database from 1982 up to 2022. A random-effects model was applied to evaluate the correlation between PM2.5 and liver enzyme level. A total of 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including five prospective cohort studies, two cross-sectional studies, two longitudinal studies, and one time-series analysis. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was significantly correlated with a 4.45% increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (95% CI: 0.51-8.38%, p = 0.03), a 3.99% increase in aspartate transferase (AST) level (95% CI: 0.88-7.10%, p = 0.01), and a 2.91% increase in gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level (95% CI: 1.18-4.64%, p < 0.001), but this significant association was not observed in alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Subgroup analysis revealed that PM2.5 has a significant correlation with ALT (5.07%, 95% CI: 0.81-9.33%), AST (4.11%, 95% CI: 0.74-7.48%), and GGT (2.74%, 95% CI: 1.09-4.38%) in Asia. Our meta-analysis showed that increments in PM2.5 exposure were significantly associated with a higher level of ALT, AST, and GGT. In addition, investigations into liver enzyme subtypes and specific chemical components of PM2.5 are important directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yinyin Cai
- Institute of Atmospheric Environmental Economics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Du Z, Hu J, Lin L, Liang Q, Sun M, Sun Z, Duan J. Melatonin alleviates PM 2.5 -induced glucose metabolism disorder and lipidome alteration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12823. [PMID: 35986482 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) was associated with an increased incidence of liver metabolic disease. Melatonin has been shown to prevent liver glucolipid metabolism disorders. However, whether melatonin could rescue PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic abnormalities remains uncertain. This study was to evaluate the mitigating effect of melatonin on PM2.5 -accelerated hepatic glucose metabolism imbalance in vivo and in vitro. Schiff periodic acid shiff staining and other results showed that PM2.5 led to a decrease in hepatic glycogen reserve and an increase in glucose content, which was effectively alleviated by melatonin. Targeted lipidomics is used to identify lipid biomarkers associated with this process, including glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids. In addition, gene microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of ApoE-/- mice liver suggested that PM2.5 activated the miR-200a-3p and inhibited DNAJB9, and the targeting relationship was verified by luciferase reports for the first time. Further investigation demonstrated that DNAJB9 might motivate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, thus altering the protein expression of GSK3B, FOXO1, and PCK2. Meanwhile, melatonin effectively inhibited miR-200a-3p and glucose metabolism disorder. Knockout of miR-200a-3p in L02 cells revealed that miR-200a-3p is indispensable in the damage of PM2.5 and the therapeutic effect of melatonin. In summary, melatonin alleviated PM2.5 -induced liver metabolic dysregulation by regulating ER stress via miR-200a-3p/DNAJB9 signaling pathway. Our data provide a prospective targeted therapy for air pollution-related liver metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Sui J, Xia H, Zhao Q, Sun G, Cai Y. Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and the Risk of Chronic Liver Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610305. [PMID: 36011940 PMCID: PMC9408691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a known carcinogen, evidence of the association between PM2.5 and chronic liver disease is controversial. In the present meta-analysis study, we reviewed epidemiological studies to strengthen evidence for the association between PM2.5 and chronic liver disease. We searched three online databases from 1990 up to 2022. The random-effect model was applied for detection of overall risk estimates. Sixteen eligible studies, including one cross-sectional study, one retrospective cohort study, and 14 prospective cohort studies, fulfilled inclusion criteria with more than 330 thousand participants from 13 countries. Overall risk estimates of chronic liver disease for 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19−1.35, p < 0.001). We further analyzed the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and different chronic liver diseases. The results showed that increments in PM2.5 exposure significantly increased the risk of liver cancer, liver cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.14−1.33; HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06−1.29; HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.09−2.08, respectively). Our meta-analysis indicated long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with increased risk of chronic liver disease. Moreover, future researches should be focused on investigating subtypes of chronic liver diseases and specific components of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sui
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, School of Emergency Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, School of Emergency Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yinyin Cai
- Institute of Atmospheric Environmental Economics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-5873-1136
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Melatonin Alleviates PM 2.5-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in ApoE -/- Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8688643. [PMID: 35720187 PMCID: PMC9200552 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8688643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with the risk of developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Melatonin is the main secreted product of the pineal gland and has been reported to prevent hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. However, it remains uncertain whether melatonin could protect against PM2.5-induced MAFLD. Methods and Results The purpose of our study was to investigate the mitigating effects of melatonin on hepatic fatty degeneration accelerated by PM2.5 in vivo and in vitro. Histopathological analysis and ultrastructural images showed that PM2.5 induced hepatic steatosis and lipid vacuolation in ApoE−/− mice, which could be effectively alleviated by melatonin administration. Increased ROS production and decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes were detected in the PM2.5-treated group, whereas melatonin showed recovery effects after PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in both the liver and L02 cells. Further investigation revealed that PM2.5 induced oxidative stress to activate PTP1B, which in turn had a positive feedback regulation effect on ROS release. When a PTP1B inhibitor or melatonin was administered, SP1/SREBP-1 signalling was effectively suppressed, while Nrf2/Keap1 signalling was activated in the PM2.5-treated groups. Conclusion Our study is the first to show that melatonin alleviates the disturbance of PM2.5-triggered hepatic steatosis and liver damage by regulating the ROS-mediated PTP1B and Nrf2 signalling pathways in ApoE−/− mice. These results suggest that melatonin administration might be a prospective therapy for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD associated with air pollution.
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Reparative Efficacy of Liposome-Encapsulated Oleanolic Acid against Liver Inflammation Induced by Fine Ambient Particulate Matter and Alcohol in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051108. [PMID: 35631694 PMCID: PMC9148131 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a severe problem and is associated with health issues including liver diseases. Workers performing manual labor tend to be alcohol consumers during work, where they are also exposed to PM2.5. Long-term PM2.5 exposure can increase oxidative stress, leading to inflammation. Whether long-term exposure to air pollution and alcohol synergistically increases liver fibrosis risk warrants investigation. Oleanolic acid (OA)—a triterpenoid—has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but its low water solubility and cytotoxicity impair its potential applications. In this study, we fabricated liposomal OA nanoparticles (Lipo-OAs); then, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect on exposed cells and the ameliorative effect of Lipo-OAs on PM2.5 and alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in mice. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of PM2.5 for hepatic stellate cells was 900 μg/mL; at a concentration of ≥600 μg/mL, PM2.5 significantly increased interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α production. OA encapsulation in Lipo-OAs, 353 ± 140 nm in diameter with 79% encapsulation efficiency, significantly reduced OA cytotoxicity. Lipo-OAs treatment significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyltransferase levels; histologically, it alleviated steatosis and improved Ishak’s modified HAI score. In conclusion, Lipo-OAs have potential anti-inflammatory and reparative effects for PM2.5 and alcohol-induced liver injury treatment.
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