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Sun F, Wu X, Qi Y, Zhong Y, Zeng L, Wang K, Liang S. Combining ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadruple exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry with chemometrics to identify and verify the blood-activating components of hawthorn. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2924-2934. [PMID: 35699087 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn, one of the widely-used Chinese herbal medicines, has been used to treat blood stasis syndrome in the clinic, but its blood-activating components are unclear. This study combined the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple exactive-orbitrap mass spectrometry with chemometrics to identify the blood-activating components of hawthorn. Different polar fractions of hawthorn aqueous extracts were extracted and mixed to prepare 14 samples. The contents of 25 chemical components for 14 samples were determined by the proposed quantitative method which was validated in terms of linearity, precision, stability, repeatability, and recovery, while the blood-activating effect was evaluated by measuring the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and plasma fibrinogen levels. Then the partial least squares model was established on the spectrum-effect relationship. The result showed that vitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside, rutin, citric acid, malic acid, gallic acid, and fumaric acid could reduce the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and plasma fibrinogen levels in blood stasis model rats, and these components were the blood-activating components of hawthorn. This study provided a scientific basis for clarifying the blood-activating components of hawthorn, and the spectrum-effect approach proved to be an effective approach to discovering the bioactive components of Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Innovation Team of Chinese Materia Medica Analysis of Department of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqin Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yue Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongqi Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengwang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Innovation Team of Chinese Materia Medica Analysis of Department of Education, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Zhu K, Zhang M, Long J, Zhang S, Luo H. Elucidating the Mechanism of Action of Salvia miltiorrhiza for the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8323661. [PMID: 34868345 PMCID: PMC8635895 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8323661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using network pharmacology and molecular docking, this study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which the active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza can alleviate acute pancreatitis. Initially, the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza and the targets collected from the GeneCards database were screened based on the platform of systematic pharmacology analysis of traditional Chinese medicine. Subsequently, the active components were intersected with the disease targets. Also, interactions among the targets were computed using the STRING database. Biological function and pathway enrichment were analyzed using the Cluster Profiler package in the R software. Protein-protein interaction and component target pathway network were constructed using the Cytoscape software. Ultimately, the key targets and their corresponding components in the network were verified using the AutoDock Vina software. The results showed Salvia miltiorrhiza had 111 targets for acute pancreatitis. The biological process (BP) analysis showed that the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza induced a drug response, positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II promoter, signal transduction, positive regulation of cell proliferation, and negative regulation of apoptosis. Furthermore, the KEGG enrichment analysis screened 118 (P < 0.05) signaling pathways, such as the pathways related to cancer, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway, to name a few. Finally, molecular docking showed that the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza had a good binding affinity with their corresponding target proteins. Through network pharmacology, this study predicted the potential pharmacodynamic material basis and the mechanisms by which Salvia miltiorrhiza can treat acute pancreatitis. Moreover, this study provided a scientific basis for mining the pharmacodynamic components of Salvia miltiorrhiza and expanding the scope of its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyao Zhu
- Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jia Long
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huali Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
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Luo L, Xue Q, Qi Y, Zeng L, Liang S. Therapeutic effects of different polar fractions of hawthorn extract on blood stasis model rats revealed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4005-4016. [PMID: 34490993 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hawthorn, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, has been suggested to have therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease. However, effective fractions of hawthorn extract in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, together with possible therapeutic mechanisms, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of four different polar fractions of hawthorn extract on blood stasis model rats, and explore the possible metabolic mechanisms by using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. Evaluation of hemorheology and fibrinogen showed that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract had significant therapeutic effects on blood stasis model rats. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis showed that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract could reverse imbalanced biomarkers in plasma and urine of blood stasis model rats. Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis revealed that plasma biomarkers were responsible for several important pathways, including d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis. Meanwhile, urine biomarkers were responsible for some important pathways, including phenylalanine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, and lysine degradation. This study demonstrated that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions of hawthorn extract had significant therapeutic effects on blood stasis model rats, and the underlying mechanisms involved multiple metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yue Qi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zeng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shengwang Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administrationof TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of the Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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