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Wang P, Gao L, Ma T, Ye Z, Li Z. MicroRNA-1225-5p Promotes the Development of Fibrotic Cataracts via Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:591-604. [PMID: 38450708 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2316712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibrotic cataracts, including anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) as well as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), are a common vision-threatening cause worldwide. Still, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate a miRNA-based pathway regulating the pathological fibrosis process of lens epithelium. METHODS Gain- and loss-of-function approaches, as well as multiple fibrosis models of the lens, were applied to validate the crucial role of two miR-1225 family members in the TGF-β2 induced PCO model of human LECs and injury-induced ASC model in mice. RESULTS Both miR-1225-3p and miR-1225-5p prominently stimulate the migration and EMT process of lens epithelial cells (LECs) in vitro as well as lens fibrosis in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that the underlying mechanism for these effects of miR-1225-5p is via directly targeting Keap1 to regulate Keap1/Nrf2 signaling. In addition, evidence showed that Keap1/Nrf2 signaling is activated in the TGF-β2 induced PCO model of human LECs and injury-induced ASC model in mice, and inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway can significantly reverse the process of LECs EMT as well as lens fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that blockade of miR-1225-5p prevents lens fibrosis via targeting Keap1 thereby inhibiting Nrf2 activation. The 'miR-1225-Keap1-Nrf2' signaling axis presumably holds therapeutic promise in the treatment of fibrotic cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianju Ma
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Cheng Y, Dai Y, Tang H, Lu X, Xie J, Xie W, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Lin S, Yao H, Shang H, Yang K, Liu H, Wu X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xue L, Wu ZB. Therapeutic potential of targeting Nrf2 by panobinostat in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:61. [PMID: 38637883 PMCID: PMC11025224 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify the druggable cell-intrinsic vulnerabilities and target-based drug therapies for PitNETs using the high-throughput drug screening (HTS) and genomic sequencing methods. We examined 9 patient-derived PitNET primary cells in HTS. Based on the screening results, the potential target genes were analyzed with genomic sequencing from a total of 180 PitNETs. We identified and verified one of the most potentially effective drugs, which targeted the Histone deacetylases (HDACs) both in in vitro and in vivo PitNET models. Further RNA sequencing revealed underlying molecular mechanisms following treatment with the representative HDACs inhibitor, Panobinostat. The HTS generated a total of 20,736 single-agent dose responses which were enriched among multiple inhibitors for various oncogenic targets, including HDACs, PI3K, mTOR, and proteasome. Among these drugs, HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) were, on average, the most potent drug class. Further studies using in vitro, in vivo, and isolated PitNET primary cell models validated HDACIs, especially Panobinostat, as a promising therapeutic agent. Transcriptional surveys revealed substantial alterations to the Nrf2 signaling following Panobinostat treatment. Moreover, Nrf2 is highly expressed in PitNETs. The combination of Panobinostat and Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 had a synergistic effect on PitNET suppression. The current study revealed a class of effective anti-PitNET drugs, HDACIs, based on the HTS and genomic sequencing. One of the representative compounds, Panobinostat, may be a potential drug for PitNET treatment via Nrf2-mediated redox modulation. Combination of Panobinostat and ML385 further enhance the effectiveness for PitNET treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqun Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shaojian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hanbing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Center for Immune-Related DiseasesShanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Zhe Bao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197# Ruijin er road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Ren QL, Li XL, Tian T, Li S, Shi RY, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Wang M, Hu H, Liu JG. Application of Natural Medicinal Plants Active Ingredients in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3804-7. [PMID: 38607612 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant cancer of the head and neck, with high morbidity and mortality, ranking as the sixth most common cancer in the world. The treatment of OSCC is mainly radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, however, the prognosis of patients is still poor and the recurrence rate is high. This paper reviews the range of effects of natural medicinal plant active ingredients (NMPAIs) on OSCC cancer, including the types of NMPAIs, anti-cancer mechanisms, involved signaling pathways, and clinical trials. The NMPAIs include terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, coumarins, and volatile oils. These active ingredients inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and autophagy, inhibit migration and invasion of OSCC cells, and regulate cancer immunity to exert anti-cancer effects. The mechanism involves signaling pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B, nuclear factor kappa B, miR-22/WNT1/β-catenin and Nrf2/Keap1. Clinically, NMPAIs can inhibit the growth of OSCC, and the combined drug is more effective. Natural medicinal plants are promising candidates for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Li Ren
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Li
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Rong-Yi Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Huan Hu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China.
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Strippoli R, Niayesh-Mehr R, Adelipour M, Khosravi A, Cordani M, Zarrabi A, Allameh A. Contribution of Autophagy to Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Induction during Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:807. [PMID: 38398197 PMCID: PMC10886827 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a dedifferentiation process implicated in many physio-pathological conditions including tumor transformation. EMT is regulated by several extracellular mediators and under certain conditions it can be reversible. Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in which intracellular components such as protein/DNA aggregates and abnormal organelles are degraded in specific lysosomes. In cancer, autophagy plays a controversial role, acting in different conditions as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor-promoting mechanism. Experimental evidence shows that deep interrelations exist between EMT and autophagy-related pathways. Although this interplay has already been analyzed in previous studies, understanding mechanisms and the translational implications of autophagy/EMT need further study. The role of autophagy in EMT is not limited to morphological changes, but activation of autophagy could be important to DNA repair/damage system, cell adhesion molecules, and cell proliferation and differentiation processes. Based on this, both autophagy and EMT and related pathways are now considered as targets for cancer therapy. In this review article, the contribution of autophagy to EMT and progression of cancer is discussed. This article also describes the multiple connections between EMT and autophagy and their implication in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, I.R.C.C.S., 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Reyhaneh Niayesh-Mehr
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-331, Iran;
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran;
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Türkiye;
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Türkiye;
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-331, Iran;
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Pluronic F127-liposome-encapsulated curcumin activates Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway to promote cell migration of HaCaT cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:241-247. [PMID: 35781650 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is an extract of Curcuma longa Linn., which has various pharmacological activities. The instability, low water solubility and bioavailability of CUR greatly limit its clinical application. This work prepared Pluronic F127-liposome-encapsulated curcumin (CUR-LIP-F127) and explored its functional role in wound healing. Liposome-encapsulated curcumin (CUR-LIP) and CUR-LIP-F127 were prepared. Human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) was treated with CUR, Pluronic F127-liposome (LIP-F127) and CUR-LIP-F127, or combined with ML385 (Nrf2 inhibitor). The expression of mRNAs and proteins was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. MTT and wound healing assays were performed to detect cell viability and migration. CUR, LIP-F127 and CUR-LIP-F127 all had no influence on cell viability of HaCaT cells. CUR-LIP-F127 treatment significantly accelerated cell migration and enhanced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1) in HaCaT cells with respect to CUR or LIP-F127 treatment. ML385 treatment impaired CUR-LIP-F127-mediated promotion of migration and up-regulation of Nrf2 and Keap1 in HaCaT cells. This work demonstrated that CUR-LIP-F127 activated Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway to promote migration of HaCaT cells, suggesting that CUR-LIP-F127 may contribute to wound healing.
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Ali M, Ali R. Multi-Input Dual-Stream Capsule Network for Improved Lung and Colon Cancer Classification. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1485. [PMID: 34441419 PMCID: PMC8393706 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung and colon cancers are two of the most common causes of death and morbidity in humans. One of the most important aspects of appropriate treatment is the histopathological diagnosis of such cancers. As a result, the main goal of this study is to use a multi-input capsule network and digital histopathology images to build an enhanced computerized diagnosis system for detecting squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs, as well as adenocarcinomas of the colon. Two convolutional layer blocks are used in the proposed multi-input capsule network. The CLB (Convolutional Layers Block) employs traditional convolutional layers, whereas the SCLB (Separable Convolutional Layers Block) employs separable convolutional layers. The CLB block takes unprocessed histopathology images as input, whereas the SCLB block takes uniquely pre-processed histopathological images. The pre-processing method uses color balancing, gamma correction, image sharpening, and multi-scale fusion as the major processes because histopathology slide images are typically red blue. All three channels (Red, Green, and Blue) are adequately compensated during the color balancing phase. The dual-input technique aids the model's ability to learn features more effectively. On the benchmark LC25000 dataset, the empirical analysis indicates a significant improvement in classification results. The proposed model provides cutting-edge performance in all classes, with 99.58% overall accuracy for lung and colon abnormalities based on histopathological images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Ali
- School of Computer Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Department of Computer Systems Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ali
- Department of Computer Science, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan;
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