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Li W, Lu X, Diamond JM, Shen C, Jiang B, Sun S, Moore JS, Sottos NR. Photo-modulated activation of organic bases enabling microencapsulation and on-demand reactivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2771. [PMID: 38553489 PMCID: PMC10980803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A method is developed for facile encapsulation of reactive organic bases with potential application for autonomous damage detection and self-healing polymers. Highly reactive chemicals such as bases and acids are challenging to encapsulate by traditional oil-water emulsion techniques due to unfavorable physical and chemical interactions. In this work, reactivity of the bases is temporarily masked with photo-removable protecting groups, and the resulting inactive payloads are encapsulated via an in situ emulsion-templated interfacial polymerization method. The encapsulated payloads are then activated to restore the organic bases via photo irradiation, either before or after being released from the core-shell carriers. The efficacy of the photo-activated capsules is demonstrated by a damage-triggered, pH-induced color change in polymeric coatings and by recovery of adhesive strength of a damaged interface. Given the wide range of potential photo-deprotection chemistries, this encapsulation scheme provides a simple but powerful method for storage and targeted delivery of a broad variety of reactive chemicals, promoting design of diverse autonomous functionalities in polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenle Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China.
| | - Xiaocun Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Jacob M Diamond
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chengtian Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Shi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Nancy R Sottos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Li H, Wang X. Preparation of microcapsules with IPDI monomer and isocyanate prepolymer as self-healing agent and their application in self-healing materials. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Farzi G, Davoodi A, Ahmadi A, Neisiany RE, Anwer MK, Aboudzadeh MA. Encapsulation of Cerium Nitrate within Poly(urea-formaldehyde) Microcapsules for the Development of Self-Healing Epoxy-Based Coating. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31147-31153. [PMID: 34841156 PMCID: PMC8613845 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the release of cerium nitrate in a self-healing epoxy-based coating, poly (urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) microcapsules containing cerium nitrate were synthesized. The effects of healing agent concentration and weight percent of microcapsules in the epoxy resin were studied through the incorporation of microcapsules within an epoxy-based coating. The prepared microcapsules were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and confirmed the successful encapsulation of cerium nitrate within PUF capsules. The self-healing performance of the prepared epoxy coating was investigated in 0.6 M NaCl solution using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The EIS results indicated the successful release of encapsulated cerium nitrate from PUF microcapsules once the damage occurred in the epoxy coating, which led to effective self-healing of the epoxy-based coating. The presence of chlorine and cerium ions in the solution led to the precipitation of cerium hydroxides and oxides in the scratched area as a passive layer which hindered the corrosion in the damaged area. In addition, the EIS results showed that the healing performance of the coatings depends on the weight percent of microcapsules and the concentration of the self-healing agent. The highest self-healing performance was achieved for the maximum amount of microcapsule incorporation (10 wt %), while the increase in the microcapsule percent led to a decrease in the adhesion of the coating to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamali Farzi
- Department
of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Ali Davoodi
- Materials
and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917751111, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department
of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Department
of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Ali Aboudzadeh
- CNRS,
University Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques
et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux,
IPREM, UMR5254, Pau 64000, France
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