Effects of miRNA-140 on the Growth and Clinical Prognosis of SMMC-7721 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line

Elucidating hepatocellular carcinoma progression: a novel prognostic miRNA-mRNA network and signature analysis

There is increasing evidence that miRNAs play an important role in the prognosis of HCC. There is currently a lack of acknowledged models that accurately predict patient prognosis. The aim of this study is to create a miRNA-based model to precisely forecast a patient's prognosis and a miRNA-mRNA network to investigate the function of a targeted mRNA. TCGA miRNA dataset and survival data of HCC patients were downloaded for differential analysis. The outcomes of variance analysis were subjected to univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and LASSO analysis. We constructed and visualized prognosis-related models and subsequently used violin plots to probe the function of miRNAs in tumor cells. We predicted the target mRNAs added those to the String database, built PPI protein interaction networks, and screened those mRNA using Cytoscape. The hub mRNA was subjected to GO and KEGG analysis to determine its biological role. Six of them were associated with prognosis: hsa-miR-139-3p, hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-101-3p, hsa-miR-30d-5p, hsa-miR-5003-3p, and hsa-miR-6844. The prognostic model was highly predictive and consistently performs, with the C index exceeding 0.7 after 1, 3, and 5 years. The model estimated significant differences in the Kaplan-Meier plotter and the model could predict patient prognosis independently of clinical indicators. A relatively stable miRNA prognostic model for HCC patients was constructed, and the model was highly accurate in predicting patients with good stability over 5 years. The miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to explore the function of mRNA.

Non-coding RNAs in gynecologic cancer

The term "gynecologic cancer" pertains to neoplasms impacting the reproductive tissues and organs of women encompassing the endometrium, vagina, cervix, uterus, vulva, and ovaries. The progression of gynecologic cancer is linked to various molecular mechanisms. Historically, cancer research primarily focused on protein-coding genes. However, recent years have unveiled the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), and circular RNAs, in modulating cellular functions within gynecological cancer. Substantial evidence suggests that ncRNAs may wield a dual role in gynecological cancer, acting as either oncogenic or tumor-suppressive agents. Numerous clinical trials are presently investigating the roles of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. These endeavors may introduce a fresh perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancer. In this overview, we highlight some of the ncRNAs associated with gynecological cancers.

Overview of MicroRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for High-Incidence Cancers in 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) about 22 nucleotides in size, which play an important role in gene regulation and are involved in almost all major cellular physiological processes. In recent years, the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been shown to be associated with human diseases including cancer. In the past ten years, the link between miRNAs and various cancers has been extensively studied, and the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in various malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Due to the high malignancy grade of these cancers, it is more necessary to develop the related diagnostic and prognostic methods. According to the study of miRNAs, many potential cancer biomarkers have been proposed for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, especially cancer, thus providing a new theoretical basis and perspective for cancer screening. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of cancer has the advantages of being less invasive to patients, with better accuracy and lower price. In view of the important clinical significance of miRNAs in human cancer research, this article reviewed the research status of miRNAs in the above-mentioned cancers in 2021, especially in terms of diagnosis and prognosis, and provided some new perspectives and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.

Comprehensive analysis of GSEC/miR-101-3p/SNX16/PAPOLG axis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies. A growing number of studies have shown that competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks might play important roles during HCC process. The present study aimed to identify a regulatory axis of the ceRNA network associated with the development of HCC. The roles of SNX16 and PAPOLG in HCC were comprehensively analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Subsequently, the “mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA” model was then used to predict the upstream miRNAs and lncRNAs of SNX16 and PAPOLG using the miRNet database, and the miRNAs with low expression and good prognosis in HCC and the lncRNAs with high expression and poor prognosis in HCC were screened by differential expression and survival analysis. Finally, the risk-prognosis models of ceRNA network axes were constructed by univariate and multifactorial Cox proportional risk analysis, and the immune correlations of ceRNA network axes were analyzed using the TIMER and GEPIA database. In this study, the relevant ceRNA network axis GSEC/miR-101-3p/SNX16/PAPOLG with HCC prognosis was constructed, in which GSEC, SNX16, and PAPOLG were highly expressed in HCC with poor prognosis, while miR-101-3p was lowly expressed in HCC with good prognosis. The risk-prognosis model predicted AUC of 0.691, 0.623, and 0.626 for patient survival at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Immuno-infiltration analysis suggested that the GSEC/miR-101-3p/SNX16/PAPOLG axis might affect macrophage polarization. The GSEC/miR-101-3p/SNX16/PAPOLG axis of the ceRNA network axis might be an important factor associated with HCC prognosis and immune infiltration.

Non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma-A systematic review

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death, and its incidence is increasing globally. Despite significant advances in treatment strategies for HCC, the prognosis is still poor due to its high recurrence rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis of HCC and further develop new therapies to improve the prognosis and quality of life of HCC patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression that is abnormally expressed in cancer-associated genomic regions or vulnerable sites. More and more findings have shown that miRNAs are important regulatory factors of mRNA expression in HCC, and they are receiving more and more attention as a possible key biomarker of HCC. This review mainly summarizes the potential applied value on miRNAs as diagnostic, drug resistant, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of HCC. Also, we summarize the research value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and miRNAs network in HCC as novel biomarkers, aiming at providing some references for the therapy of HCC.

Study on Serum miR-204 Expression Levels in Patients with Severe Pneumonia and Patients with Primary Bronchial Lung Cancer and Its Diagnostic Value

Objective. To analyze the expression and clinical significance of miR-204 in the serum of patients with severe pneumonia (SP) and primary bronchial lung cancer (LC). Methods. 65 SP patients and 43 primary bronchial LC patients who were treated in the hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were randomly selected as the SP group and LC group. At the same time, healthy patients from the physical examination department of the hospital were selected. 65 cases were the control group. QRT-PCR detected serum miR-204 expression and compared the differences between groups. The pathological data of patients were collected, and the relationship between serum miR-204 and the patient’s pathological data was compared; the area under the ROC curve and Kaplan–Meier curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum miR-204 for the two conditions and to explore the relationship between serum miR-204 and prognosis. Results. The serum miR-204 of the SP group was (0.43 ± 0.09), the serum miR-204 of the LC group was (0.40 ± 0.10), the serum miR-204 of the control group was (1.00 ± 0.09), and the miR-204 level of was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant ( $P$  < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum miR-204 levels between the SP group and the LC group ( $P$  > 0.05). Serum miR-204 levels in SP patients with cumulative organs ≥3 were higher than those with cumulative organs <3, and the difference was statistically significant ( $P$  < 0.001). In the LC group, in patients with stage III to IV and low and undifferentiated patients, the level of miR-204 was higher than that of stage I∼II and high and moderately differentiated patients, and the difference was statistically significant ( $P$  < 0.001). The level of miR-204 in the two groups of patients (0.89 ± 0.10, 0.83 ± 0.13) who died of illness was significantly higher than that of the surviving patients (1.00 ± 0.11, 1.00 ± 0.10), and the difference was statistically significant ( $P$  < 0.05); the survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-204 was higher than that of patients with low expression. The AUC of serum miR-204 level to SP and LC was 0.766 and 0.818, respectively. Conclusion. The level of miR-204 in the serum of SP patients and patients with primary bronchial LC was significantly lower than that of healthy people, and patients who died were lower than those who survived; the miR-204 in serum has a good diagnostic value for SP and LC and is related to the survival and prognosis of patients.