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Ma Q, Yang F, Xiao B, Guo X. Emerging roles of circular RNAs in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment of gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:207. [PMID: 38414006 PMCID: PMC10897999 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
With an estimated one million new cases reported annually, gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most diagnosed malignancy worldwide. The early detection of GC remains a major challenge, and the prognosis worsens either when patients develop resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy or when the cancer metastasizes. The precise pathogenesis underlying GC is not well understood, which further complicates its treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a recently discovered class of noncoding RNAs that originate from parental genes through "back-splicing", have been shown to play a key role in various biological processes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. CircRNAs have been linked to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and the occurrence and progression of tumors. Prior studies have established that circRNAs play a crucial role in GC, impacting tumorigenesis, diagnosis, progression, and therapy resistance. This review aims to summarize how circRNAs contribute to GC tumorigenesis and progression, examine their roles in the development of drug resistance, discuss their potential as biotechnological drugs, and summarize their response to therapeutic drugs and microorganism in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research Center & School of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center & School of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
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Berberine: An Important Emphasis on Its Anticancer Effects through Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185889. [PMID: 36144625 PMCID: PMC9505063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of disease and a major cause of death worldwide. Despite advancement in various treatment modules, there has been little improvement in survival rates and side effects associated with this disease. Medicinal plants or their bioactive compounds have been extensively studied for their anticancer potential. Novel drugs based on natural products are urgently needed to manage cancer through attenuation of different cell signaling pathways. In this regard, berberine is a bioactive alkaloid that is found in variety of plants, and an inverse association has been revealed between its consumption and cancer. Berberine exhibits an anticancer role through scavenging free radicals, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of angiogenesis, inflammation, PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Wnt/β-catenin, and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. In addition, synergistic effects of berberine with anticancer drugs or natural compounds have been proven in several cancers. This review outlines the anticancer effects and mechanisms of action of berberine in different cancers through modulation of various cell signaling pathways. Moreover, the recent developments in the drug delivery systems and synergistic effect of berberine are explained.
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Xiong RG, Huang SY, Wu SX, Zhou DD, Yang ZJ, Saimaiti A, Zhao CN, Shang A, Zhang YJ, Gan RY, Li HB. Anticancer Effects and Mechanisms of Berberine from Medicinal Herbs: An Update Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144523. [PMID: 35889396 PMCID: PMC9316001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been a serious public health problem. Berberine is a famous natural compound from medicinal herbs and shows many bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and antimicrobial activities. In addition, berberine shows anticancer effects on a variety of cancers, such as breast, lung, gastric, liver, colorectal, ovarian, cervical, and prostate cancers. The underlying mechanisms of action include inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, suppressing metastasis, inducing apoptosis, activating autophagy, regulating gut microbiota, and improving the effects of anticancer drugs. This paper summarizes effectiveness and mechanisms of berberine on different cancers and highlights the mechanisms of action. In addition, the nanotechnologies to improve bioavailability of berberine are included. Moreover, the side effects of berberine are also discussed. This paper is helpful for the prevention and treatment of cancers using berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Gu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Si-Xia Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Adila Saimaiti
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Ao Shang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Yun-Jian Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China;
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (S.-Y.H.); (S.-X.W.); (D.-D.Z.); (Z.-J.Y.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8733-2391
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Targeting Inhibition of Notch1 Signaling Pathway on the Study of Human Gastric Cancer Stem Cells with Chemosensitization. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:1098394. [PMID: 35515501 PMCID: PMC9064537 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1098394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death worldwide, although much geographical variation in incidence exists. Prevention and personalized treatment are regarded as the best options to reduce gastric cancer mortality rates (Hartgrink et al., 2009). Numerous studies have suggested that Notch1 and its ligands are overexpressed in gastric cancer, and its knockdown can inhibit the proliferation and survival of gastric cancer cells. Objective To investigate the effect of Notch1 on the stemness and drug sensitivity of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. Methods Highly expressed Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1) and Notch1-shRNA lentiviral expression vector were used to infect human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells cultured in vitro, and western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to identify highly expressed NICD and Notch1 silenced cells. The percentage of CD133+ cells was analyzed by flow cytometry, the expression of nestin and CFAP by immunofluorescence staining, the formation rate of tumor cell spheres and the tumorigenicity of SCID mice in vivo, and the regulation of cell stemness by Notch1. The sensitivity of each group of cells to the chemotherapeutic drugs teniposide (VM-26) and carmustine (BCNU) was also detected by the MTT method. Results The stemness phenotype of tumor cells with the increased NICD expression was enhanced, such as an increased proportion of CD133+ cells, enhanced nestin expression, decreased GFAP expression, increased tumor cell sphere formation rate and tumorigenic rate of SCID mice implantation, and decreased sensitivity to VM-26 and BCNU. In contrast, the stemness phenotype of tumor cells with downregulated Notch1 gene expression was significantly suppressed, while the sensitivity to VM-26 and BCNU was increased. Conclusion High Notch1 expression increased the stemness of SGC-7901 cells and decreased the sensitivity of SGC-7901 cells to chemotherapeutic drugs.
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