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Liu G, Wang D, Jia J, Hao C, Ge Q, Xu L, Zhang C, Li X, Mi Y, Wang H, Miao L, Chen Y, Zhou J, Xu X, Liu Y. Neuroprotection of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUC-MSCs) in Alleviating Ischemic Stroke-Induced Brain Injury by Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2871-2887. [PMID: 39026086 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Brain injury caused by stroke has a high rate of mortality and remains a major medical challenge worldwide. In recent years, there has been significant attention given to the use of human Umbilical cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUC-MSCs) for the treatment of stroke in different adult and neonate animal models of stroke. However, using hUC-MSCs by systemic administration to treat ischemic stroke has not been investigated sufficiently. In this study, we conducted various experiments to explore the neuroprotection of hUC-MSCs in rats. Our findings demonstrate that an intravenous injection of a high dose of hUC-MSCs at 2 × 10^7 cells/kg markedly ameliorated brain injury resulting from ischemic stroke. This improvement was observed one day after inducing transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and subsequent reperfusion in rats. Notably, the efficacy of this single administration of hUC-MSCs surpassed that of edaravone, even when the latter was used continuously over three days. Mechanistically, secretory factors derived from hUC-MSCs, such as HGF, BDNF, and TNFR1, ameliorated the levels of MDA and T-SOD to regulate oxidative stress. In particular, TNFR1 also improved the expression of NQO-1 and HO-1, important proteins associated with oxidative stress. More importantly, TNFR1 played a significant role in reducing inflammation by modulating IL-6 levels in the blood. Furthermore, TNFR1 was observed to influence the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as demonstrated in the evan's blue experiment and protein expression of ZO-1. This study represented a breakthrough in traditional methods and provided a novel strategy for clinical medication and trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Daohui Wang
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianru Jia
- Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Chunhua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinggang Ge
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Chenliang Zhang
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Mi
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Herui Wang
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Li Miao
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyao Chen
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Xu
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Beijing YiChuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, China.
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Pratiwi DIN, Alhajlah S, Alawadi A, Hjazi A, Alawsi T, Almalki SG, Alsalamy A, Kumar A. Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles as emerging therapeutic tools in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102320. [PMID: 38342071 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a neurological condition characterized by severe long-term consequences and an unfavorable prognosis for numerous patients. Despite advancements in stroke treatment, existing therapeutic approaches possess certain limitations. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold promise as a potential therapy for various neurological disorders, including IS, owing to their advantageous properties, such as immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Additionally, MSCs primarily exert their therapeutic effects through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), highlighting the significance of their paracrine activities. These EVs are small double-layered phospholipid membrane vesicles, carrying a diverse cargo of proteins, lipids, and miRNAs that enable effective cell-to-cell communication. Notably, EVs have emerged as attractive substitutes for stem cell therapy due to their reduced immunogenicity, lower tumorigenic potential, and ease of administration and handling. Hence, this review summarizes the current preclinical and clinical studies performed to investigate the safety and therapeutic potential of MSCs and their EVs derived from different sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and Wharton's jelly in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharif Alhajlah
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Taif Alawsi
- Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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Uwhangchungsimwon Inhibits Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/Re-Oxygenation-Induced Cell Death through Neuronal VEGF and IGF-1 Receptor Signaling and Synaptic Remodeling in Cortical Neurons. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071388. [PMID: 35883879 PMCID: PMC9311511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uwhangchungsimwon (UCW), a multi-component herbal product, has long been used to treat vascular diseases such as headache, dizziness, high blood pressure, and stroke. Though the prophylactic actions of UCW are well known, insufficient experimental evidence exists on its effectiveness against stroke. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the efficacy of UCW in oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-injury to the primary cortical neurons using an in vitro ischemia model. Neurons secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which acts as a neurotrophic factor in response to an ischemic injury. VEGF modulates neuroprotection and axonal outgrowth by activating the VEGF receptors and plays a critical role in vascular diseases. In this study, cortical neurons were pretreated with UCW (2, 10, and 50 µg/mL) for 48 h, incubated in oxygen-glucose-deprived conditions for 2 h, and further reoxygenated for 24 h. UCW effectively protected neurons from OGD/R-induced degeneration and cell death. Moreover, the role of UCW in sustaining protection against OGD/R injury is associated with activation of VEGF-VEGFR and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor expression. Therefore, UCW is a potential herbal supplement for the prevention of hypoxic-ischemic neuronal injury as it may occur after stroke.
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Brooks B, Ebedes D, Usmani A, Gonzales-Portillo JV, Gonzales-Portillo D, Borlongan CV. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Ischemic Brain Injury. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061013. [PMID: 35326464 PMCID: PMC8947674 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain injury represents a major cause of death worldwide with limited treatment options with a narrow therapeutic window. Accordingly, novel treatments that extend the treatment from the early neuroprotective stage to the late regenerative phase may accommodate a much larger number of stroke patients. To this end, stem cell-based regenerative therapies may address this unmet clinical need. Several stem cell therapies have been tested as potentially exhibiting the capacity to regenerate the stroke brain. Based on the long track record and safety profile of transplantable stem cells for hematologic diseases, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells or mesenchymal stromal cells have been widely tested in stroke animal models and have reached clinical trials. However, despite the translational promise of MSCs, probing cell function remains to be fully elucidated. Recognizing the multi-pronged cell death and survival processes that accompany stroke, here we review the literature on MSC definition, characterization, and mechanism of action in an effort to gain a better understanding towards optimizing its applications and functional outcomes in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Brooks
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (D.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Dominique Ebedes
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (D.E.); (A.U.)
| | - Ahsan Usmani
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (D.E.); (A.U.)
| | | | | | - Cesario V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (D.E.); (A.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-8139743988
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