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Mata M, Salvador-Clavell R, Ródenas-Rochina J, Sancho-Tello M, Gallego Ferrer G, Gómez Ribelles JL. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in a 3D Microgel Environment Containing Platelet-Rich Plasma Significantly Modify Their Chondrogenesis-Related miRNA Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:937. [PMID: 38256011 PMCID: PMC10815493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the effect of platelet factors on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hyaline cartilage chondrocytes in a three-dimensional environment. MSCs were cultured in a microgel environment with a chondrogenic medium. The microgel consisted of microspheres that combine gelatin and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The gelatin/PRP microdroplets were produced by emulsion. The gelatin containing the microdroplets was enzymatically gelled, retaining PRP and, just before seeding the cells, platelets were activated by adding calcium chloride so that platelet growth factors were released into the culture media but not before. Platelet activation was analyzed before activation to rule out the possibility that the gelatin cross-linking process itself activated the platelets. The gene expression of characteristic chondrogenic markers and miRNA expression were analyzed in cells cultured in a differentiation medium and significant differences were found between gelation/PRP microgels and those containing only pure gelatin. In summary, the gelatin microspheres effectively encapsulated platelets that secreted and released factors that significantly contributed to cellular chondrogenic differentiation. At the same time, the microgel constituted a 3D medium that provided the cells with adherent surfaces and the possibility of three-dimensional cell-cell contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mata
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-C.); (M.S.-T.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (G.G.F.); (J.L.G.R.)
| | - Rubén Salvador-Clavell
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-C.); (M.S.-T.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Ródenas-Rochina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (G.G.F.); (J.L.G.R.)
| | - María Sancho-Tello
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-C.); (M.S.-T.)
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (G.G.F.); (J.L.G.R.)
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (G.G.F.); (J.L.G.R.)
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Li H, Xia T, Zeng H, Qiu Y, Wei Y, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Ke J, Miron R, He Q. Liquid platelet-rich fibrin produced via horizontal centrifugation decreases the inflammatory response and promotes chondrocyte regeneration in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1301430. [PMID: 38144541 PMCID: PMC10740190 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1301430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recently, liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a rich source of concentrated platelets and growth factors, has emerged as a promising agent for stimulating tissue regeneration. However, its specific efficacy in chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage regeneration remains underexplored. To address this question, we investigated liquid PRF obtained through horizontal centrifugation and compared its effects with hyaluronic acid (HA), a high molecular weight glucosamine supplement widely used in clinical practice to safeguard against chondral damage. Materials and Methods: Liquid PRF, produced using horizontal centrifugation (liquid H-PRF) at 500 g for 8 min, served as our experimental agent. We conducted cell viability and proliferation assays using PRF-conditioned medium. We assessed the chondrocyte phenotype of ATDC5 cells through toluidine blue and alcian blue staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, we examined the expression of genes involved in inflammation through RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: Liquid H-PRF exerted notable effects on chondrocytes, influencing proliferation, inflammatory responses, and chondrogenic differentiation. The H-PRF group displayed significantly higher expression of chondrogenic markers, including Col2a1, compared to HA-treated cells, whereas aggrecan expression was significantly higher in the HA group. PRF also demonstrated the ability to reduce inflammatory levels in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells, and this effect was further enhanced when PRF from the buffy coat zone was added. In comparison, chondrocytes cultured in the HA group produced significantly fewer inflammatory factors than those in the PRF group, as confirmed qualitatively by Western blot analysis. Conclusion: Liquid H-PRF emerged as a potent stimulator for chondrogenesis and a regulator of the inflammatory response, achieving levels similar to HA. Moreover, liquid H-PRF exhibited strong potential for enhancing the production of cartilage extracellular matrix and promoting chondrogenic regeneration with notably increased Col2a1 levels. Future research should encompass animal studies and human trials to further evaluate the comparative effectiveness of liquid PRF versus HA, potentially as an alternative or complementary strategy for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Richard Miron
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Qing He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Nguyen-Thanh T, Nguyen-Tran BS, Cruciani S, Nguyen-Thi TD, Dang-Cong T, Maioli M. Osteochondral Regeneration Ability of Uncultured Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Scaffold. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:661. [PMID: 37370592 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and bone marrow mononuclear cells are potential scaffolds and cell sources for osteochondral regeneration. The main aim of this paper is to examine the effects of PRF scaffolds and autologous uncultured bone marrow mononuclear cells on osteochondral regeneration in rabbit knees. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different types of PRF scaffolds were generated from peripheral blood (Ch-PRF and L-PRF) and bone marrow combined with uncultured bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMM-PRF). The histological characteristics of these scaffolds were assessed via hematoxylin-eosin staining, PicroSirius red staining, and immunohistochemical staining. Osteochondral defects with a diameter of 3 mm and depth of 3 mm were created on the trochlear groove of the rabbit's femur. Different PRF scaffolds were then applied to treat the defects. A group of rabbits with induced osteochondral defects that were not treated with any scaffold was used as a control. Osteochondral tissue regeneration was assessed after 2, 4, and 6 weeks by macroscopy (using the Internal Cartilage Repair Society score, X-ray) and microscopy (hematoxylin-eosin stain, safranin O stain, toluidine stain, and Wakitani histological scale, immunohistochemistry), in addition to gene expression analysis of osteochondral markers. RESULTS Ch-PRF had a heterogeneous fibrin network structure and cellular population; L-PRF and BMM-PRF had a homogeneous structure with a uniform distribution of the fibrin network. Ch-PRF and L-PRF contained a population of CD45-positive leukocytes embedded in the fibrin network, while mononuclear cells in the BMM-PRF scaffold were positive for the pluripotent stem cell-specific antibody Oct-4. In comparison to the untreated group, the rabbits that were given the autologous graft displayed significantly improved healing of the articular cartilage tissue and of the subchondral bone. Regeneration was gradually observed after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of PRF scaffold treatment, which was particularly evident in the BMM-PRF group. CONCLUSIONS The combination of biomaterials with autologous platelet-rich fibrin and uncultured bone marrow mononuclear cells promoted osteochondral regeneration in a rabbit model more than platelet-rich fibrin material alone. Our results indicate that autologous platelet-rich fibrin scaffolds combined with uncultured bone marrow mononuclear cells applied in healing osteochondral lesions may represent a suitable treatment in addition to stem cell and biomaterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Nguyen-Thanh
- Faculty of Basic Science, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Vietnam
- Institute of Biomedicine, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Vietnam
| | - Bao-Song Nguyen-Tran
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Pathology and Forensic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Vietnam
| | - Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Thuy-Duong Nguyen-Thi
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Dang-Cong
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Pathology and Forensic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Vietnam
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Liang Y, Li J, Wang Y, He J, Chen L, Chu J, Wu H. Platelet Rich Plasma in the Repair of Articular Cartilage Injury: A Narrative Review. Cartilage 2022; 13:19476035221118419. [PMID: 36086807 PMCID: PMC9465610 DOI: 10.1177/19476035221118419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper reviews the research of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in articular cartilage injury repair, to assess the mechanism, utilization, and efficacy of PRP in the treatment of articular cartilage injury, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of PRP in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive database search on PRP applications in cartilage repair was performed. Among them, the retrieval time range of PRP in clinical trials of repairing knee cartilage injury was from January 1, 2021 to January 1, 2022. Non-clinical trials and studies unrelated to cartilage injury were excluded. RESULT PRP can affect inflammation, angiogenesis, cartilage protection, and cellular proliferation and differentiation after articular cartilage injury through different pathways. In all, 13 clinical trials were included in the analysis. CONCLUSION PRP is an emergent therapeutic approach in tissue engineering. Most studies reported that PRP has a positive effect on cartilage injury, improving the joint function, meanwhile there is a lack of standardized standards. The technology of PRP in the repair and treatment of articular cartilage injury is worthy of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinru Liang
- Stem Cell Research & Cellular
Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang,
China,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and
Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery,
Guangzhou Huadu Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Guangzhou Huadu
District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Third
Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde
District), Foshan, China
| | - Junchu He
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and
Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Liji Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and
Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiaqi Chu
- Stem Cell Research & Cellular
Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang,
China,Jiaqi Chu, Stem Cell Research &
Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,
Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Stem Cell Research & Cellular
Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang,
China,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and
Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Zhao D, Wang X, Cheng B, Yin M, Hou Z, Li X, Liu K, Tie C, Yin M. Degradation-Kinetics-Controllable and Tissue-Regeneration-Matchable Photocross-linked Alginate Hydrogels for Bone Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21886-21905. [PMID: 35507922 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photocross-linked alginate hydrogels, due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, strong control for gelling kinetics in space and time, and admirable adaptability for in situ polymerization with a minimally invasive approach in surgical procedures, have created great expectations in bone regeneration. However, hydrogels with suitable degradation kinetics that can match the tissue regeneration process have not been designed, which limits their further application in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we finely developed an oxidation strategy for alginate to obtain hydrogels with more suitable degradation rates and comprehensively explored their physical and biological performances in vitro and in vivo to further advance the clinical application for the hydrogels in bone repair. The physical properties of the gels can be tuned via tailoring the degree of alginate oxidation. In particular, in vivo degradation studies showed that the degradation rates of the gels were significantly increased by oxidizing alginate. The activity, proliferation, initial adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation of rat and rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured with/in the hydrogels were explored, and the results demonstrated that the gels possessed excellent biocompatibility and that the encapsulated BMSCs were capable of osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo implantation of rabbit BMSC-loaded gels into tibial plateau defects of rabbits demonstrated the feasibility of hydrogels with appropriate degradation rates for bone repair. This study indicated that hydrogels with increasingly controllable and matchable degradation kinetics and satisfactory bioproperties demonstrate great clinical potential in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and could also provide references for drug/growth-factor delivery therapeutic strategies for diseases requiring specific drug/growth-factor durations of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delu Zhao
- Center of Stomatology, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
- Hefei Stomatological Clinic Hospital, Anhui Medical University & Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center of Stomatology, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Center of Stomatology, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Miaomiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobao Li
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Wuhan Children's Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Hefei Stomatological Clinic Hospital, Anhui Medical University & Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Chaorong Tie
- Center of Stomatology, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Miao Yin
- Center of Stomatology, Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
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Liu J, Tang G, Liu W, Zhou Y, Fan C, Zhang W. MiR-20a-5p facilitates cartilage repair in osteoarthritis via suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13801-13814. [PMID: 35707845 PMCID: PMC9276018 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2084270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) chondrogenic differentiation contributes to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Numerous studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the pathogenesis and development of multiple disorders, including OA. Nevertheless, the role of miR-20a-5p in OA remains obscure. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and were surgically induced OA or underwent sham surgery in the presence or absence of miR-20a-5p. Flow cytometry was implemented to detect surface markers of BMSCs. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed the upregulation of miR-20a-5p during BMSC chondrogenic differentiation. Western blotting displayed that miR-20a-5p inhibition decreased protein levels of cartilage matrix markers but enhanced those of catabolic and hypertrophic chondrocyte markers in BMSCs. Alcian blue staining, hematoxylin‑eosin staining and micro-CT revealed that miR-20a-5p inhibition restrained chondrogenic differentiation and miR-20a-5p overexpression promoted the repair of damaged cartilage and subchondral bone, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay identified that mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (Map3k2) was a target of miR-20a-5p in BMSCs. Moreover, the expression of miR-20a-5p and Map3k2 was negatively correlated in murine cartilage tissues. Knocking down Map3k2 could rescue the suppressive influence of miR-20a-5p inhibition on chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In conclusion, miR-20a-5p facilitates BMSC chondrogenic differentiation and contributes to cartilage repair in OA by suppressing Map3k2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, South Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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