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Zhang Y, Liu SJ. Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:102-114. [PMID: 38494355 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite the challenges in managing atherosclerosis, researchers continue to investigate new treatments and complementary therapies. Cordyceps is a traditional Chinese medicine that has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cordyceps in treating atherosclerosis through various pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, lowering cholesterol, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and modulating apoptosis or autophagy in vascular endothelial cells. Notably, the current misuse of the terms cordyceps and Ophiocordyceps sinensis has caused confusion among researchers, and complicated the current academic research on cordyceps. This review focuses on the chemical composition, pharmacological actions, and underlying mechanisms contributing to the anti-atherosclerotic effects of cordyceps and the mycelium of Ophiocordyceps spp. This review provides a resource for the research on the development of new drugs for atherosclerosis from cordyceps. Please cite this article as: Zhang Y, Liu SJ. Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(2): 102-114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Marxism, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Si-Jing Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases with Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
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Liu X, Ren M, Zhang A, Huang C, Wang J. Nrf2 attenuates oxidative stress to mediate the protective effect of ciprofol against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:345. [PMID: 37996761 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress damage are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Ferroptosis emerged as a new player in the regulation of lipid peroxidation processes. This study aimed at exploring the potential involvement of ciprofol on ferroptosis-associated CIRI and subsequent neurological deficits in the mouse model of transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Cerebral ischemia was built in male C57BL/6 J wild-type (WT) and Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2 KO) mice in the manner of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. Ciprofol improved autonomic behavior, alleviated reactive oxygen species output and ferroptosis-induced neuronal death by nucleus transportation of NFE2 like BZIP transcription factor 2 (Nrf2) and the promotion of heme oxygenase 1 (Ho-1), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11/xCT), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Additionally, ciprofol improved neurological scores and reduced infarct volume, brain water content, and necrotic neurons. Cerebral blood flow in MCAO-treated mice was also improved. Furthermore, absence of Nrf2 abrogated the neuroprotective actions of ciprofol on antioxidant capacity and sensitized neurons to oxidative stress damage. In vitro, the primary-cultured cortical neurons from mice were pre-treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R), followed by ciprofol administration. Ciprofol effectively reversed OGD/R-induced ferroptosis and accelerated transcription of GPX4 and xCT. In conclusion, we investigated the ciprofol-induced inhibition effect of ferroptosis-sheltered neurons from lipid preoxidation in the pathogenesis of CIRI via Nrf2-xCT-GPX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Miao Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Changshun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Gao J, Song J, Yan Y, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Li G, Zhan Q, Jiang F, Lin Y, Xiao J. Exercise Training-Induced MicroRNA Alterations with Protective Effects in Cardiovascular Diseases. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:251. [PMID: 39076378 PMCID: PMC11270073 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2409251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) is an important non-drug adjuvant therapy against many human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The appropriate ET intensity induces beneficial adaptions and improves physiological function and cardiopulmonary fitness. The mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotective effects are still not fully understood. However, mounting evidence suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial role in this process and are essential in responding to exercise-stress and mediating exercise-protective effects. Thus, this review summarizes the biogenesis of miRNAs, the mechanism of miRNA action, and specifically the miRNAs involved in exercise-induced cardio-protection used as therapeutic targets for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital
of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of
Medicine, Shanghai University, 226011 Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Song
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital
of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of
Medicine, Shanghai University, 226011 Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Yan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital
of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of
Medicine, Shanghai University, 226011 Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Qingyi Zhan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital
of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of
Medicine, Shanghai University, 226011 Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Nursing, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University Union
Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Special Reserve Talents Laboratory, Fujian Medical
University Union Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanjuan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University Union
Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Special Reserve Talents Laboratory, Fujian Medical
University Union Hospital, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital
of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of
Medicine, Shanghai University, 226011 Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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MiR-223-3p-loaded exosomes from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid promote alveolar macrophage autophagy and reduce acute lung injury by inhibiting the expression of STK39. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1736-1751. [PMID: 35932362 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00762-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the molecular mechanism by which bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomes (BALF-exo) alleviated acute lung injury (ALI). BALF-exo was isolated from mice. LPS was used to induce inflammation in rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383). NR8383 cell models were treated with BALF-exo or BALF-exo loaded with miR-223-3p mimics/inhibitors, or STK39 was overexpressed in NR8383 cells before LPS and BALF-exo treatment. These cells were subjected to apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation assays. RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assay were conducted to verify the binding between miR-223-3p and STK39. LPS-induced ALI mouse models were treated with BALF-exo loaded with miR-223-3p mimics. miR-223-3p was lowly expressed in BALF-exo from LPS-treated mice. BALF-exo loaded with miR-223-3p mimics increased viability and autophagy and decreased apoptosis and inflammation in NR8383 cell models. Inhibition of miR-223-3p in BALF-exo or overexpression of STK39 in NR8383 cells repressed the therapeutic effect of BALF-exo in LPS-treated NR8383 cells. STK39 was a target gene of miR-223-3p. miR-223-3p shuttled by BALF-exo negatively regulated the expression of STK39 in NR8383 cells. BALF-exo loaded with miR-223-3p mimics also reduced lung injuries in ALI mice. In conclusion, miR-223-3p loaded in BALF-exo alleviates ALI by targeting STK39 in alveolar macrophages.
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