Mineral and Phenolic Composition of Erodium guttatum Extracts and Investigation of Their Antioxidant Properties in Diabetic Mice

Enzyme Inhibitory Activities and RP-HPLC Analysis of Geranium and Erodium Species

The genera Geranium and Erodium (Geraniaceae) have been documented to possess diverse ethnopharmacological uses, including diabetes mellitus. Relevant to their ethnopharmacological use, the current study aimed to evaluate the α-glucosidase, α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts from 46 samples belonging to thirty-one species of Geranium (20) and Erodium (11) collected throughout Türkiye. The majority of the extracts displayed a marked α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity. Besides, 23 extracts out of 46 exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect over 50 % towards AChE. The highest AChE inhibition was found in G. subcaulescens collected from Konya with an IC50 value of 4.73±2.96 μg/mL. E. somanum, E. leucanthum, and E. sipthorpianum exhibited the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while E. birandianum and E. pelargoniiflorum were the most active extracts against AChE and BChE, respectively. Three extracts that had inhibitory activity over 50 % against four of the enzymes were selected and proceeded to RP-HPLC analysis. Geraniin and ellagic acid were identified as major compounds in the active extracts. Most species screened in the current study were examined for the first time against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, AChE, and BChE.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees aerial parts

Dicliptera cuneata Nees is a traditional medicinal plant but its extract or phytochemicals are less known. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of aerial part hydroalcoholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees. Hence, we used protein denaturation assay, FRAP assay, Nitric oxide and peroxide scavenging assays methods following standard developed techniques. The hydro-alcoholic extract exhibited dose-dependent effectiveness in all the assays and showed maximum efficacy in the assays at higher doses selected. Data shows that hydroalcholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in in vitro settings. It should be noted that more data is needed to further develop the extract into suitable formulations.