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Odorskaya MV, Mavletova DA, Nesterov AA, Tikhonova OV, Soloveva NA, Reznikova DA, Galanova OO, Vatlin AA, Slynko NM, Vasilieva AR, Peltek SE, Danilenko VN. The use of omics technologies in creating LBP and postbiotics based on the Limosilactobacillus fermentum U-21. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1416688. [PMID: 38919499 PMCID: PMC11197932 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1416688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing tendency to create drugs based on certain commensal bacteria of the human microbiota and their ingredients, primarily focusing on live biotherapeutics (LBPs) and postbiotics. The creation of such drugs, termed pharmacobiotics, necessitates an understanding of their mechanisms of action and the identification of pharmacologically active ingredients that determine their target properties. Typically, these are complexes of biologically active substances synthesized by specific strains, promoted as LBPs or postbiotics (including vesicles): proteins, enzymes, low molecular weight metabolites, small RNAs, etc. This study employs omics technologies, including genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, to explore the potential of Limosilactobacillus fermentum U-21 for innovative LBP and postbiotic formulations targeting neuroinflammatory processes. Proteomic techniques identified and quantified proteins expressed by L. fermentum U-21, highlighting their functional attributes and potential applications. Key identified proteins include ATP-dependent Clp protease (ClpL), chaperone protein DnaK, protein GrpE, thioredoxin reductase, LysM peptidoglycan-binding domain-containing protein, and NlpC/P60 domain-containing protein, which have roles in disaggregase, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Metabolomic analysis provided insights into small-molecule metabolites produced during fermentation, revealing compounds with anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Significant metabolites produced by L. fermentum U-21 include GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), niacin, aucubin, and scyllo-inositol. GABA was found to stabilize neuronal activity, potentially counteracting neurodegenerative processes. Niacin, essential for optimal nervous system function, was detected in vesicles and culture fluid, and it modulates cytokine production, maintaining immune homeostasis. Aucubin, an iridoid glycoside usually secreted by plants, was identified as having antioxidant properties, addressing issues of bioavailability for therapeutic use. Scyllo-inositol, identified in vesicles, acts as a chemical chaperone, reducing abnormal protein clumps linked to neurodegenerative diseases. These findings demonstrate the capability of L. fermentum U-21 to produce bioactive substances that could be harnessed in the development of pharmacobiotics for neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to their immunomodulatory, anti-neuroinflammatory, and neuromodulatory activities. Data of the HPLC-MS/MS analysis are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD050857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya V. Odorskaya
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dilara A. Mavletova
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Nesterov
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Diana A. Reznikova
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Olesya O. Galanova
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Aleksey A. Vatlin
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai M. Slynko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Asya R. Vasilieva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey E. Peltek
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valery N. Danilenko
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
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Gao ZX, Zhang ZS, Qin J, Zhang MZ, Cao JL, Li YY, Wang MQ, Hou LL, Fang D, Xie SQ. Aucubin enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin through the inhibition of PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154715. [PMID: 36821999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the world. However, the anticancer effects of aucubin against HCC have yet to be reported. Cisplatin often decreased CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment through increasing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which seriously affected the prognostic effect of cisplatin in the treatment of patients with HCC. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a novel therapeutic avenue to increase the sensitivity of cisplatin against HCC. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of aucubin on HCC, and also to reveal the synergistic effects and mechanism of aucubin and cisplatin against HCC. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An H22 xenograft mouse model was established for the in vivo experiments. Cancer cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. RT-qPCR was performed to analyze CD274 mRNA expression in vitro. Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of the PD-L1, p-Akt, Akt, p-β-catenin, and β-catenin in vitro. Immunofluorescence was carried out to examine β-catenin nuclear accumulation in HCC cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect tumoral PD-L1 and CD8α expression in xenograft mouse model. RESULTS Aucubin inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft HCC mouse model, but did not affect HCC cell viability in vitro. Aucubin treatment significantly inhibited PD-L1 expression through inactivating Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC cells. Overexpression of PD-L1 dramatically reversed aucubin-mediated tumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and alleviated the antitumor activity of aucubin in xenograft mouse model. Moreover, Cisplatin could induce the expression of PD-L1 through the activation of the Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC cells, which can be blocked by aucubin in vitro. In xenograft mouse model, cisplatin treatment induced PD-L1 expression and alleviated the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment. Aucubin not only abrogated cisplatin-induced PD-L1 expression but also enhanced the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in a mouse xenograft model of HCC. CONCLUSION Aucubin exerts antitumor activity against HCC and also enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin by suppressing the Akt/β-catenin/PD-L1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Gao
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhan-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jin-Lan Cao
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Meng-Qing Wang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Li-Li Hou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Song-Qiang Xie
- Institute of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; The Academy for Advanced Interdisplinary Studies, Henan University, N. Jinming Ave, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Ndongwe T, Witika BA, Mncwangi NP, Poka MS, Skosana PP, Demana PH, Summers B, Siwe-Noundou X. Iridoid Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: An Updated Review from 1970-2022. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:770. [PMID: 36765728 PMCID: PMC9913650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise of cancer cases has coincided with the urgent need for the development of potent chemical entities and/or modification of existing commodities to improve their efficacy. Increasing evidence suggests that cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally, with colon cancer cases alone likely to rise exponentially by 2030. The exponential rise in cancer prevalence is largely attributable to the growing change toward a sedentary lifestyle and modern diets, which include genetically modified foods. At present, the prominent treatments for cancer are chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. Despite slowing cancer progression, these treatments are known to have devastating side effects that may deteriorate the health of the patient, thus, have a low risk-benefit ratio. In addition, many cancer drugs have low bioavailability, thereby limiting their therapeutic effects in cancer patients. Moreover, the drastic rise in the resistance of neoplastic cells to chemotherapeutic agents is rendering the use of some drugs ineffective, thereby signaling the need for more anticancer chemical entities. As a result, the use of natural derivatives as anticancer agents is gaining considerable attention. Iridoids have the potential to form conjugates with other anticancer, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, and antimalarial drugs, which synergistically have the potential to increase their effects. Published studies have identified the role of iridoids, which, if fully explored, may result in cheaper and less toxic alternative/adjuvant cancer drugs. The subject of this article is natural and synthetic iridoid derivatives and their potential therapeutic roles as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaka Ndongwe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Nontobeko P. Mncwangi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Madan S. Poka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Phumzile P. Skosana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Patrick H. Demana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Beverley Summers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Medunsa 0204, South Africa
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Nie X, Geng Z, Liu J, Qi L, Wang Z, Liu T, Tang J. Chinese herbal medicine anticancer cocktail soup activates immune cells to kill colon cancer cells by regulating the gut microbiota-Th17 axis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:963638. [PMID: 36147322 PMCID: PMC9486099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.963638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines are effective for treating colon cancer (CC). CC development is reportedly associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune function dysregulation. Herein we explored the therapeutic effects of a Chinese herbal medicine anticancer cocktail soup (CHMACS) on mice with CC and also explored its regulatory effects on gut microbiota. In vivo experiments indicated that CHMACS significantly inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenicity of CC cells. Further, CHMACS treatment decreased the proportion of CD8+ T, natural killer, and Th17 cells. HPLC/MS analysis showed that CHMACS comprised 227 active components. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed, for example, an increase in the relative abundance of uncultured_bacterium_g_Turicibacter and a decrease in that of uncultured_bacterium_g_Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 in gut microbiota of CHMACS-treated mice. Microbial diversity cluster analysis revealed that Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, Fusobacteria, Patescibacteria, and Firmicutes contributed the most to fecal microbial diversity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathway analysis and clusters of orthologous groups of protein annotation indicated that CHMACS treatment induced amino acid metabolism and suppressed carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, we found a strong association between changes in metabolites and immune cell maturation and activation. To summarize, our findings suggest that CHMACS kills CC cells by regulating gut microbiota and activating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Nie
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixiang Geng
- Department of Acupuncture, Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Te Liu
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Te Liu, ; Jianguo Tang,
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Te Liu, ; Jianguo Tang,
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