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Zhang M, Chen J, Wang Y, Kang G, Zhang Y, Han X. Network Pharmacology-Based Combined with Experimental Validation Study to Explore the Underlying Mechanism of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. Extract in Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3117-3132. [PMID: 36132334 PMCID: PMC9484776 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s370473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The network pharmacology approach and validation experiment were performed to investigate the potential mechanisms of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (APL) extract against acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods The primary compounds of APL extract were identified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The intersecting targets of active compounds and AMI were determined via network pharmacology analysis. A mouse model of AMI was established by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (Iso). Mice were treated with APL extract by intragastric administration. We assessed the effects of APL extract on the electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac representative markers, representative indicators of oxidative stress, pathological changes, and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, as well as apoptosis-related indicators in the mice. Results Five candidate compounds were identified in APL extract. Enrichment analyses indicated that APL extract could exert myocardial protective effects via the PI3K/Akt pathway. ST segment elevation and increased heart rate were obviously reversed in APL extract groups compared to Iso group. We also detected significant decreases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activities (SOD) after APL extract treatment. In addition, APL extract markedly decreased the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes after AMI. In the APL extract groups of AMI mice, there were increased expression levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein, and there were decreases in Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases-3 (caspase-3), and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels, as well as the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Conclusion APL extract had a protective effect against Iso-induced AMI. APL extract could ameliorate AMI through antioxidant and anti-apoptosis actions which may be associated with the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guobin Kang
- Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yixin Zhang; Xue Han, Tel +86 311 89926316, Fax +86 311 89926316, Email ;
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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Bao M, Hua X, Mo H, Sun Z, Xu B, Chen X, Xu M, Xu X, Song J. N-Acetylcysteine, an ROS Inhibitor, Alleviates the Pathophysiology of Hyperthyroidism-Induced Cardiomyopathy via the ROS/Ca2+ Pathway. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091195. [PMID: 36139036 PMCID: PMC9496499 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is common and can induce cardiomyopathy, but there is no effective therapeutic strategy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of hyperthyroidism-induced cardiomyopathy (HTC) and the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an ROS inhibitor, on the pathophysiology of HTC in vivo and in vitro. Compared with those in the control groups in vivo and in vitro, TT3 and TT4 were significantly increased, the structure of myocardial cells was enlarged and disordered, and interstitial fibrosis and the apoptosis of myocardial cells were markedly increased in the L-Thy group. The ROS and inflammatory response were increased in the hyperthyroidism group. In the NAC group, the contents of TT3 and TT4 were decreased, the myocardial cell structure was slightly disturbed, fibrosis and apoptosis were significantly reduced, and the ROS level and inflammatory response were significantly reduced. Interestingly, L-Thy decreased the viability of fibroblasts and H9c2 cells, suggesting that L-Thy-induced fibrosis was not caused by the proliferation of fibroblasts. The molecular mechanism of HTC could be explained by the fact that L-Thy could cause cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis by regulating the Ca2+/calpain/Rcan1-dependent signalling pathway, the Ca2+/Rcan1/NF-κB/p65-dependent signalling pathway, and the Ca2+/ROS/Bcl-2/caspase-3-dependent signalling pathway. In conclusion, NAC can alleviate the pathophysiology of hyperthyroidism-induced cardiomyopathy, probably by regulating the ROS/Ca2+-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengni Bao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Han Mo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 518057, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Mengda Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China
- Correspondence:
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