Long-Term Elevated Siglec-10 in Cerebral Spinal Fluid Heralds Better Prognosis for Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Gene expression patterns of CRYM and SIGLEC10 in Alzheimer's disease: potential early diagnostic indicators

BACKGROUND

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that may lead to dementia as well as a slow and steady decline in cognitive ability. Finding early signs that may be used in the diagnosis of AD is still a difficult aim to achieve in the field of medical practice.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The purpose of this research was to investigate to determine any differences in the gene expression patterns of crystallin mu (CRYM) and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 10 (SIGLEC10) in whole blood samples obtained from fifty individuals who were diagnosed with AD and fifty individuals as a control group. When compared with controls, it was discovered that the expression of the CRYM gene was substantially decreased in AD patients, but the expression of the SIGLEC10 gene was significantly higher. A positive correlation between CRYM and SIGLEC10 was noticed solely in patients with AD. Furthermore, assessing the diagnostic value of these genes, CRYM and SIGLEC10 transcript levels displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74 and 0.81, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that alterations in CRYM and SIGLEC10 expression may be implicated in AD pathology and that these genes expression levels can potentially serve as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of AD. Nevertheless, further validation of these findings requires the inclusion of more extensive and heterogeneous cohorts. The findings derived from this study possess the capability to offer a significant contribution towards the progression of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AD.

The expression of two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family molecules in papillary thyroid cancer and their effect on prognosis

BACKGROUND

The thyroid cancer (THCA) subtype that occurs more frequently is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Despite a favorable postoperative outcome, traditional antitumor therapy does not offer ideal results for patients with metastasis, relapse, and radioiodine resistance. Recent studies demonstrated the remarkable effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on solid tumors, of which the immunoglobulin superfamily member SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 act as novel immunotherapy targets for tumors. Nevertheless, their role in PTC prognosis is still indefinite.

METHODS

Immunohistochemistry was utilized to examine the expression of SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 in 244 PTC tissue specimens. Then the expression correlation between the two was analyzed in normal tissues (NT), tumor cells (TC), and tumor stroma (TS), respectively. Subsequently, the retrospective data on patients with PTC were collected to examine whether the two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family members could affect their prognosis.

RESULTS

We confirmed that TC expressed higher levels of SIGLEC10 than NT. However, SIGLEC10 was down-regulated in TS and predicted poor outcomes. Meanwhile, down-regulation of SIGLEC15 expression was observed in both TC and TS, indicating a favorable prognosis. PTC patients with both SIGLEC10-SIGLEC15+ expression in TC and TS had a significantly higher recurrence risk. The expression of SIGLEC10 in TS and SIGLEC15 in TC or TS was an independent predictor of PFS, and a positive correlation was shown between SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 expression in TS.

CONCLUSIONS

Therefore, our results indicate that SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 may be applied as significant prognostic markers for PTC and attractive targets for THCA immunotherapy.

High Expression and Significance of Siglec10/CD24 in Unexplained Missed Abortion

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the expression of Siglec10 and CD24 in normal early pregnancy and missed abortion, and their significance in the maternal-fetal interface.

METHODS

For our research, we employed Q-PCR and WB techniques to evaluate the traits and expression of Siglec10 and CD24 in the nonpregnant endometrium, as well as in the villus and decidua of women in their 6-10 weeks of normal early pregnancy and those who experienced missed abortion. Additionally, we utilized ELISA to determine the levels of Siglec10 and CD24 in the peripheral blood of pregnancy, missed abortion, and non-pregnant individuals. T-test and ANOVA were used to compare groups.

RESULTS

1. Villous tissues in early pregnancy showed high expression of Siglec10 and CD24, with a significant increase in expression in the missed abortion group (P < 0.01).2. Nonpregnant endometrial tissue showed low expression of Siglec10 and CD24, while early pregnancy decidua showed high expression, with even higher expression in missed abortion (all P < 0.05).3. Serum levels of Siglec10 and CD24 in normal early pregnancy were significantly higher than non-pregnancy (P < 0.01). However, the missed abortion group showed significantly higher levels than normal pregnancy (P < 0.01).4. CD24 expression in serum of missed abortion increases with Siglec10 expression, indicating a significant positive correlation (r = 0.500, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

Siglec10 and CD24 expression in villus, decidua, and peripheral blood are up-regulated in unexplained missed abortions than those of women with normal pregnancies. This suggests that the levels of serum Siglec10 and CD24 can be used as an effective predictor of missed abortion.