Diagnostic Value of Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Combined with Serum AFP, TSGF, and GP73 Assay in the Diagnosis of Primary Liver Cancer

Effect of PhenylEthanol Glycosides from Cistanche Tubulosa on Autophagy and Apoptosis in H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice

An effectual remedy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and knowledge of the mechanism are urgently needed. Researchers have found that CPhGs, an extract from Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight, had better antitumor effects, but its mechanism is still unknown. In the present study, using an H22 tumor-bearing mouse as a model, we investigated the antitumor effects of CPhGs and the effect of CPhGs on autophagy and apoptosis. Besides, we also discussed the role of autophagy with the help of HCQ and rapamycin. Our results show that CPhGs inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis and autophagy of tumor tissue. TUNEL staining displayed that tumor apoptosis rate increased after the intervention of CPhGs, and immunohistochemistry and western blot showed that cleaved-PARP and cleaved-caspase 3 were upregulated after the intervention of CPhGs, and these results were most pronounced in the high-dose group. Autophagy results revealed that CPhGs increased the number of autophagosomes, increased the level of LC3B-II, and decreased the level of p62. Finally, our results showed that excessive autophagy suppresses tumor growth, whereas inhibition of autophagy does the opposite, which indicated that CPhGs induced autophagic death in H22 hepatoma-bearing mice. These data altogether confirmed the involvement of apoptosis and autophagy in CPhGs treatment for HCC.

The Value of MRI Combined with AFP, AFP-L3, GP73, and DCP in the Diagnosis of Early Primary Liver Cancer

Objective

To investigate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3), Golgi protein 73 (GP73), and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) on early-stage primary liver cancer (PHC).

Methods

A total of 122 patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to May 2022 were included in this study, including 62 patients with early PHC (referred to as the observation group) and 60 patients with benign liver disease (referred to as the control group). MRI scans were performed on all participants, and MRI image features were compared. Subsequently, the differences in serum AFP, AFP-L3, GP73, and DCP concentrations of the two groups of patients were detected and compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficacy of MRI and each of the above tumor markers in diagnosing early PHC.

Results

The proportion of low or slightly low signal on T1WI in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group, while the proportions of equisignal and high signal were lower than those in the control group. The proportion of high signal on T2WI and high signal on DWI in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, while the proportion of low or slightly low signal and equisignal was lower than that in the control group. Compared with the control group, the serum concentrations of AFP, AFP-L3, GP73, and DCP in the observation group were significantly increased (all P < 0.05). For the diagnosis of early-stage PHC patients, MRI combined with these four markers showed favorable diagnostic value compared with parameter alone (area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.943, 0.919, and 0.833, respectively).

Conclusion

MRI combined with serum AFP, AFP-L3, GP73, and DCP detection has good value in the diagnosis of early PHC patients, and can serve as an effective strategy to improve the early diagnosis rate of PHC.