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Dong J, Zhang R, Xia Y, Jiang X, Zhou K, Li J, Guo M, Cao X, Zhang S. The necroptosis related gene LGALS3 can be used as a biomarker for the adverse progression from chronic HBV infection to HCC. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142319. [PMID: 37180150 PMCID: PMC10169569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains large, despite the remarkable effectiveness of antiviral drugs and vaccines for HBV in preventing and treating HBV infection. Necroptosis is closely related to the occurrence of inflammation, clearance of viral infection, and tumor progression. Presently, little is known about the changes in necroptosis-related genes in the progression from chronic HBV infection (CHI) to HBV-related hepatic fibrosis (HBV-HF) and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). In this study, Cox regression analysis was performed using GSE14520 chip data and a necroptosis-related genes survival prognosis score (NRGPS) was established for HBV-HCC patients. NRGPS was constructed using three model genes (G6PD, PINK1 and LGALS3), and verified by data sequencing in the TCGA database. The HBV-HCC cell model was established by transfection of pAAV/HBV1.2C2, constructed by homologous recombination, into HUH7 and HEPG2 cells. The expression levels of G6PD, PINK1, and LGALS3 were detected using RT-qPCR. We further analyzed the expression of the model genes in GSE83148, GSE84044, and GSE14520 and found that LGALS3 was consistently highly expressed in CHI, high fibrosis score and high NRGPS. In addition, immune microenvironment analysis showed that LGALS3 was not only associated with the infiltration of regulatory T cells in the immune microenvironment but also with expression of CCL20 and CCR6. The expression levels of model genes, FOXP3 and CCR6, were analyzed using RT-qPCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 31 hepatitis B surface antibody positive patients, 30 CHI, 21 HBV-HF, and 20 HBV-HCC. In further cell-model experiments, we analyzed the expression of CCL20 by RT-qPCR and the changes in cell proliferation and migration by CCK8 and transwell assays, respectively, in HBV-HCC cell models after LGALS3 knockdown. The findings of this study suggest that LGALS3 could be a biomarker for adverse progression following chronic HBV infection and may also be involved in the regulation of the immune microenvironment, making it a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Dong
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongzheng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengrui Guo
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyang Cao
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuyun Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Hrynkiewicz R, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P. Etiology of viral induced acute liver failure and defensins as potential therapeutic agents in ALF treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153528. [PMID: 37153560 PMCID: PMC10160486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare and severe disease, which, despite continuous advances in medicine, is still characterized by high mortality (65-85%). Very often, a liver transplant is the only effective treatment for ALF. Despite the implementation of prophylactic vaccinations in the world, the viral background of ALF is still a problem and leads to many deaths. Depending on the cause of ALF, it is sometimes possible to reverse this condition with appropriate therapies, which is why the search for effective antiviral agents seems to be a very desirable direction of research. Defensins, which are our natural antimicrobial peptides, have a very high potential to be used as therapeutic agents for infectious liver diseases. Previous studies on the expression of human defensins have shown that increased expression of human α and β-defensins in HCV and HBV infections is associated with a better response to treatment. Unfortunately, conducting clinical trials for ALF is very difficult due to the severity of the disease and the low incidence, therefore animal models are important for the development of new therapeutic strategies. One of the best animal models that has real reference to research on acute liver failure (ALF) is rabbit hemorrhagic disease in rabbits caused by the Lagovirus europaeus virus. So far, there have been no studies on the potential of defensins in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus virus.
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Yuan M, Hu X, Yao L, Liu P, Jiang Y, Li L. Comprehensive bioinformatics and machine learning analysis identify VCAN as a novel biomarker of hepatitis B virus-related liver fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1010160. [PMID: 36275632 PMCID: PMC9585216 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains the leading cause of liver fibrosis (LF) worldwide, especially in China. Identification of decisive diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-associated liver fibrosis (HBV-LF) is required to prevent chronic hepatitis B (CHB) from progressing to liver cancer and to more effectively select the best treatment strategy. We obtained 43 samples from CHB patients without LF and 81 samples from CHB patients with LF (GSE84044 dataset). Among these, 173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Functional analysis revealed that these DEGs predominantly participated in immune-, extracellular matrix-, and metabolism-related processes. Subsequently, we integrated four algorithms (LASSO regression, SVM-RFE, RF, and WGCNA) to determine diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-LF. These analyses and receive operating characteristic curves identified the genes for phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2C (PPAP2C) and versican (VCAN) as potentially valuable diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-LF. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) further confirmed the immune landscape of HBV-LF. The two diagnostic biomarkers also significantly correlated with infiltrating immune cells. The potential regulatory mechanisms of VCAN underlying the occurrence and development of HBV-LF were also analyzed. These collective findings implicate VCAN as a novel diagnostic biomarker for HBV-LF, and infiltration of immune cells may critically contribute to the occurrence and development of HBV-LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lichao Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pingji Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Lanjuan Li, ; Yingan Jiang,
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Lanjuan Li, ; Yingan Jiang,
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Cheng TC, Xue H, Li H, Liu YC, Tian LJ, Bian ZL, Chen FS. MAIT cells predict long-term prognosis in liver failure patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29809. [PMID: 36042623 PMCID: PMC9410595 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver failure (LF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by intense systemic inflammation and organ failure(s), leading to a high mortality rate. The pathogenesis of LF is multifactorial, immune response, and gut bacterial translocation are thought to be major contributing factors. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play a critical role in immune response and gut bacterial translocation. We aimed to investigate changes of the MAIT cell ratio in patients with LF and to explore the predictive value for long-term prognosis in patients with LF. MATERIAL AND METHOD We recruited 75 patients with LF from Nantong Third People's Hospital, isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and detected the proportion of circulating MAIT cells by flow cytometry. Statistical analyses were performed using the GraphPad Prism software. RESULTS Our data showed that the proportion of MAIT cells alterations was independent of the cause of viral infection in patients with LF. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that LF patients with low level of MAIT cells had poor long-term prognosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the MAIT cell proportion was larger than that of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. More importantly, the combination of MAIT cell proportion and MELD score had a better effect in predicting long-term prognosis of LF patients than any single index (AUC = 0.91, 95% CI:0.84-0.97), and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the circulating MAIT cell proportion was an independent risk factor for LF. CONCLUSION The proportion of MAIT cells in PBMC is an outstanding predictor for the long-term prognosis in patients with LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiao-Chun Cheng
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Liver Diseases, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Han Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi-Cun Liu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhao-Lian Bian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Lian Bian, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong University, 60 Middle Qingnian Road, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China (e-mail: )
| | - Feng-Song Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Haimen People’s Hospital, Nantong 226100, Jiangsu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Lian Bian, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People’s Hospital, Nantong University, 60 Middle Qingnian Road, Nantong 226006, Jiangsu Province, China (e-mail: )
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