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Zeng X, Zhang Y, Tian L, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Wu Z. Mitigation of ROS-triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating Nrf2 retards diabetic nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:149972. [PMID: 38772213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and it is often accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the precise relationship between NFE2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of ROS balance, and ERS in DN remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Nrf2 on ERS and its therapeutic potential in DN. Herein, ERS-related changes, including increased activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, were observed in the renal tissues of streptozotocin-induced DN mice and high glucose cultured human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells. Nrf2 knockdown increased the sensitivity of HK-2 cells to ERS under high glucose conditions, underscoring the regulatory role of Nrf2 in ERS modulation. Notably, upregulating Nrf2 in ezetimibe-treated diabetic mice restored ERS markers and ameliorated albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of ERS in HK-2 cells by the ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine, highlights the interplay between ROS and ERS. This study, for the first time, elucidates that the upregulation of Nrf2 may alleviate the negative influence of ROS-mediated ERS, presenting a promising therapeutic avenue for delaying the progression of DN. These findings suggest a potential strategy for targeting Nrf2 and ERS in developing novel therapeutic interventions for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ling Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021 China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021 China; Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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2
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Wang N, Li W, Yu H, Huang W, Qiao Y, Wang Q, Wei Y, Deng X, Wang J, Cui M, Zhang P, Zhou Y. Laurocapram, a transdermal enhancer, boosts cephalosporin's antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116404. [PMID: 38945279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a notorious bacterium with high drug resistance and easy recurrence after surgery, has posed significant clinical treatment challenges. In the current scarcity of new antibiotics, the identification of adjuvants to existing antibiotics is a promising approach to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. The in vitro synergy test, which included a MIC assay, time-kill curve, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and live/dead bacteria staining assay, revealed that laurocapram, a widely used chemical transdermal enhancer, could potentiate the antibacterial activity of cephalosporins against MRSA. In vitro, laurocapram combined with cefixime showed an excellent synergistic activity against MRSA (FICI = 0.28 ± 0.00). In addition, the combination of laurocapram and cefixime may inhibited the formation of MRSA biofilm and caused cell membrane damage. Following that, we discovered that combining laurocapram with cefixime could alleviate the symptoms of mice in the MRSA skin infection model and the MRSA pneumonia model. In conclusion, laurocapram is a promising and low-cost antibacterial adjuvant, providing a new strategy for further exploring the use of lower doses of cephalosporins to combat MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastrocolorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yarui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, and School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118 Changchun, China
| | - Yunfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Minhe Cui
- Jilin Mushuo Breeding Co., Ltd, Changchun 130052, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, and School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.
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3
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Kotlarz K, Mielczarek M, Biecek P, Wojdak-Maksymiec K, Suchocki T, Topolski P, Jagusiak W, Szyda J. An Explainable Deep Learning Classifier of Bovine Mastitis Based on Whole-Genome Sequence Data-Circumventing the p >> n Problem. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4715. [PMID: 38731932 PMCID: PMC11083318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The serious drawback underlying the biological annotation of whole-genome sequence data is the p >> n problem, which means that the number of polymorphic variants (p) is much larger than the number of available phenotypic records (n). We propose a way to circumvent the problem by combining a LASSO logistic regression with deep learning to classify cows as susceptible or resistant to mastitis, based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes. Among several architectures, the one with 204,642 SNPs was selected as the best. This architecture was composed of two layers with, respectively, 7 and 46 units per layer implementing respective drop-out rates of 0.210 and 0.358. The classification of the test data resulted in AUC = 0.750, accuracy = 0.650, sensitivity = 0.600, and specificity = 0.700. Significant SNPs were selected based on the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP). As a final result, one GO term related to the biological process and thirteen GO terms related to molecular function were significantly enriched in the gene set that corresponded to the significant SNPs. Our findings revealed that the optimal approach can correctly predict susceptibility or resistance status for approximately 65% of cows. Genes marked by the most significant SNPs are related to the immune response and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kotlarz
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 7, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- University Cancer Diagnostic Center, Poznan University of Medical Science, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magda Mielczarek
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 7, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- University Cancer Diagnostic Center, Poznan University of Medical Science, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wojdak-Maksymiec
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Aleja Piastow 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Suchocki
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 7, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- University Cancer Diagnostic Center, Poznan University of Medical Science, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Topolski
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (P.T.); (W.J.)
| | - Wojciech Jagusiak
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (P.T.); (W.J.)
- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Szyda
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 7, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- University Cancer Diagnostic Center, Poznan University of Medical Science, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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4
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Yao M, Oduro PK, Akintibu AM, Yan H. Modulation of the vitamin D receptor by traditional Chinese medicines and bioactive compounds: potential therapeutic applications in VDR-dependent diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298181. [PMID: 38318147 PMCID: PMC10839104 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a crucial nuclear receptor that plays a vital role in various physiological functions. To a larger extent, the genomic effects of VDR maintain general wellbeing, and its modulation holds implications for multiple diseases. Current evidence regarding using vitamin D or its synthetic analogs to treat non-communicable diseases is insufficient, though observational studies suggest potential benefits. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and bioactive compounds derived from natural sources have garnered increasing attention. Interestingly, TCM formulae and TCM-derived bioactive compounds have shown promise in modulating VDR activities. This review explores the intriguing potential of TCM and bioactive compounds in modulating VDR activity. We first emphasize the latest information on the genetic expression, function, and structure of VDR, providing a comprehensive understanding of this crucial receptor. Following this, we review several TCM formulae and herbs known to influence VDR alongside the mechanisms underpinning their action. Similarly, we also discuss TCM-based bioactive compounds that target VDR, offering insights into their roles and modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Yao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Patrick Kwabena Oduro
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ayomide M. Akintibu
- School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haifeng Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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5
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Yang P, Wan S, Wang J, Hu Y, Ma N, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Shen F, Zheng Q, Wang M, Leng X, Fiehler J, Siddiqui AH, Miao Z, Xiang J, Liu J. Hemodynamic assessment for intracranial atherosclerosis from angiographic images: a clinical validation study. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:204-208. [PMID: 37185108 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is one of the leading causes of ischemic stroke. Conventional anatomical analysis by CT angiography, MRI, or digital subtraction angiography can provide valuable information on the anatomical changes of stenosis; however, they are not sufficient to accurately evaluate the hemodynamic severity of ICAS. The goal of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of the pressure ratio across intracranial stenoses (termed as fractional flow (FF)) derived from cerebral angiography for the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant ICAS defined by pressure wire-derived FF. METHODS This retrospective study represents a feasible and reliable method for calculating the FF from cerebral angiography (AccuFFicas). Patients (n=121) who had undergone wire-based measurement of FF and cerebral angiography were recruited. The accuracy of the computed pressure ratio was evaluated using wire-based FF as the reference standard. RESULTS The mean value of wire-based FF was 0.78±0.19, while the computed AccuFFicas had an average value of 0.79±0.18. Good correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=0.92, P<0.001) between AccuFFicas and FF was observed. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean difference between AccuFFicas and FF was -0.01±0.07, indicating good agreement. The area under the curve (AUC) of AccuFFicas in predicting FF≤0.70, FF≤0.75, and FF≤0.80 was 0.984, 0.986, and 0.962, respectively. CONCLUSION Angiography-based FF computed from cerebral angiographic images could be an effective computational tool for evaluating the hemodynamic significance of ICAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Wan
- Brain Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Hu
- ArteryFlow Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Interventional Neuroradiology Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongwei Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Brain Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Interventional Neuroradiology Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Kundu A, Ghosh P, Bishayi B. Vitexin along with verapamil downregulates efflux pump P-glycoprotein in macrophages and potentiate M1 to M2 switching via TLR4-NF-κB-TNFR2 pathway in lipopolysaccharide treated mice. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152767. [PMID: 38103391 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide, a microbial toxin, is one of the major causative agents of sepsis. P-gp expression and its functions are altered during inflammation. LPS has been known to impair the functions of P-gp, an efflux transporter. But the effect of LPS on P-gp expression in murine peritoneal macrophages is poorly understood. Molecular docking studies reveal that vitexin is a potent substrate and verapamil a potent inhibitor of P-gp. In the present experimental study, the curative potential of vitexin as a fruit component and verapamil treated as a control inhibitor of P-gp was examined in a murine LPS sepsis model. The effects of vitexin and verapamil on P-gp expression in macrophages correlating with changes in macrophage polarization and associated functional responses during LPS induced sepsis were studied. Peritoneal macrophages of LPS (10 mg/kg body weight) challenged mice exhibited elevated levels of H2O2, superoxide, and NO in parallel with lower antioxidant activity. LPS treatment increased P-gp expression through increased TLR4/expression. However, LPS challenged mice treated with vitexin (5 mg/kg body weight) + verapamil (5 mg/kg body weight) showed higher anti-oxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT and GRx) resulting in reduced oxidative stress. This combination treatment also elevated TNFR2, concomitant with down-regulation of TLR4, NF-κB and P-gp expression in murine peritoneal macrophages, resulting in a switch from M1 to M2 polarisation of macrophages and reduced inflammatory responses. In conclusion, combined vitexin and verapamil treatment could be used as a promising therapy to regulate P-gp expression and protection against LPS mediated sepsis and inflammatory damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayantika Kundu
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratiti Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India.
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta 700009, West Bengal, India.
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Wu K, Shang S, Bao L, Zhao Y, Guan Z, Xu J, Sun H, Yuan W, Fu Y, Peng L, Zhao C. Retinoic acid ameliorates low-grade endotoxemia-induced mastitis by limiting inflammatory responses in mice. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106426. [PMID: 37879450 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Mastitis is a serious disease for humans and animals, which causes huge economic losses in the dairy industry and is hard to prevent due to the complex and unclear pathogenesis. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) has contributed to the development of mastitis by inducing ruminal dysbiosis and subsequent low-grade endotoxemia (LGE), however, how ruminal metabolic changes regulate this progress is still unclear. Our previous study revealed that cows with SARA had increased ruminal retinoic acid (RA) levels, a metabolic intermediate of vitamin A that plays an essential role in mucosal immune responses. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of RA on LGE-induced mastitis and the underlying mechanisms in mice. The results showed that RA alleviated LGE-induced mastitis, as evidenced by RA significantly reduced the increase in mammary proinflammatory cytokines and improved blood-milk barrier injury caused by LGE. In addition, RA increased the expression of tight junction proteins, including ZO-1, occludin and claudin-3. Furthermore, we found that RA limited the mammary inflammatory responses by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that RA effectively alleviates LGE-induced mastitis and implies a potential strategy for the treatment and prevention of mastitis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Shan Shang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Lijuan Bao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yihong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhihang Guan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Weijie Yuan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Luyuan Peng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
| | - Caijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
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8
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Senthamilan S, Aggarwal A, Grewal S, Rani S, Vats P, Pal P, Jaswal S, Arya A, Alhussien MN. Pre-treatment but not co-treatment with vitexin alleviates hyperthermia induced oxidative stress and inflammation in buffalo mammary epithelial cells. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103979. [PMID: 37348446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated if in vitro supplementation of vitexin could mitigate the adverse effects of hyperthermia on buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs). Immortalized BuMECs were divided into seven groups (n = 3): (1) a negative control group at 37 °C; (2) BuMECs exposed to heat stress as a positive control at 42 °C for 1 h; (3-7) heat stressed BuMECs pre-treated or co-treated with different concentrations of vitexin (5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, and 100 μM), respectively. Hyperthermia was induced by exposing the cells to 42 ºC for 1 h. For the pre-treatment experiment, BuMECs were treated with vitexin for 2 h before hyperthermia exposure. For co-treatment, vitexin was added simultaneously with hyperthermia for 1 h. Subsequently, the cells were allowed to recover for 12 h at 37 °C. Results showed that pre-treatment with vitexin was more effective than co-treatment in protecting BuMECs from hyperthermia in a dose-dependent manner, with higher concentrations (50 μM and 100 μM) being the most effective. Pre-treatment with vitexin maintained cellular viability and prevented inflammation by inducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene (BCL-2) and reducing the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene (Bax) and pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6) in heat-stressed BuMECs. Pre-treatment with vitexin reduced oxidative stress and induced thermotolerance by increasing the expression of antioxidants mediators such as SOD, GPx and CAT at mRNA and protein levels, and modulating the expression of heat shock proteins. The findings suggest that vitexin has the potential as a therapeutic agent to protect the mammary gland from the negative impact of hyperthermia in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Senthamilan
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sonika Grewal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Baghpat, S.V.P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250110, India.
| | - Sarita Rani
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Preeti Vats
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Prasanna Pal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Depatment of Virology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ashwani Arya
- CH. Shivnath Singh Shandilya (P.G.) College, Machhra, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250106, India
| | - Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India; Reproductive Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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9
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Chang C, He F, Ao M, Chen J, Yu T, Li W, Li B, Fang M, Yang T. Inhibition of Nur77 expression and translocation by compound B6 reduces ER stress and alleviates cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and injury in bronchial epithelial cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1200110. [PMID: 37405051 PMCID: PMC10315657 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide with inflammation and injury in airway epithelial cells. However, few treatment options effectively reduce severity. We previously found that Nur77 is involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and injury of lung tissue. Here, we established an in vitro model of COPD-related inflammation and injury in 16-HBE cells induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). In these cells, Nur77 expression and localization to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) increased following CSE treatment, as did ER stress marker (BIP, ATF4, CHOP) expression, inflammatory cytokine expression, and apoptosis. The flavonoid derivative, named B6, which was shown to be a modulator of Nur77 in previous screen, molecular dynamics simulation revealed that B6 binds strongly to Nur77 through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Treating CSE-stimulated 16-HBE cells with B6 resulted in a reduction of both inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion, as well as attenuated apoptosis. Furthermore, B6 treatment resulted in a decrease in Nur77 expression and translocation to the ER, which was accompanied by a concentration-dependent reduction in the expression of ER stress markers. Meanwhile, B6 played a similar role in CSE-treated BEAS-2B cells. These combined effects suggest that B6 could inhibit inflammation and apoptosis in airway epithelial cells after cigarette smoke stimulation, and support its further development as a candidate intervention for treating COPD-related airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenli Chang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingtao Ao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tao Yu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyu Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baicun Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijuan Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ting Yang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Li X, Xu C, Liang B, Kastelic JP, Han B, Tong X, Gao J. Alternatives to antibiotics for treatment of mastitis in dairy cows. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1160350. [PMID: 37404775 PMCID: PMC10315858 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1160350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is considered the costliest disease on dairy farms and also adversely affects animal welfare. As treatment (and to a lesser extent prevention) of mastitis rely heavily on antibiotics, there are increasing concerns in veterinary and human medicine regarding development of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, with genes conferring resistance being capable of transfer to heterologous strains, reducing resistance in strains of animal origin should have positive impacts on humans. This article briefly reviews potential roles of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), herbal medicines, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), bacteriophages and their lytic enzymes, vaccination and other emerging therapies for prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows. Although many of these approaches currently lack proven therapeutic efficacy, at least some may gradually replace antibiotics, especially as drug-resistant bacteria are proliferating globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingchun Liang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - John P. Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Tong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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11
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Peng J, Lu Q, Yuan L, Zhang H. Synthetic Cationic Lipopeptide Can Effectively Treat Mouse Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041188. [PMID: 37189805 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in dairy cows is one of the most common clinical diseases in dairy cattle. Unfortunately, traditional antibiotic treatment has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains of bacteria, making this disease more difficult to treat. Therefore, novel lipopeptide antibiotics are becoming increasingly important in treating bacterial diseases, and developing novel antibiotics is critical in controlling mastitis in dairy cows. We designed and synthesized three cationic lipopeptides with palmitic acid, all with two positive charges and dextral amino acids. The lipopeptides' antibacterial activity against S. aureus was determined using MIC and scanning electron microscopy. The safety concentration range of lipopeptides for clinical usage was then estimated using the mouse erythrocyte hemolysis assay and CCK8 cytotoxicity. Finally, lipopeptides with high antibacterial activity and minimal cytotoxicity were selected for the treatment experiments regarding mastitis in mice. The observation of histopathological changes, bacterial tissue load and expression of inflammatory factors determined the therapeutic effects of lipopeptides on mastitis in mice. The results showed that all three lipopeptides displayed some antibacterial activity against S. aureus, with C16dKdK having a strong antibacterial impact and being able to treat the mastitis induced by S. aureus infection in mice within a safe concentration range. The findings of this study can be used as a starting point for the development of new medications for the treatment of mastitis in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiangsheng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lvfeng Yuan
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hecheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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12
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Olędzka AJ, Czerwińska ME. Role of Plant-Derived Compounds in the Molecular Pathways Related to Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054666. [PMID: 36902097 PMCID: PMC10003729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the primary response to infection and injury. Its beneficial effect is an immediate resolution of the pathophysiological event. However, sustained production of inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species and cytokines may cause alterations in DNA integrity and lead to malignant cell transformation and cancer. More attention has recently been paid to pyroptosis, which is an inflammatory necrosis that activates inflammasomes and the secretion of cytokines. Taking into consideration that phenolic compounds are widely available in diet and medicinal plants, their role in the prevention and support of the treatment of chronic diseases is apparent. Recently, much attention has been paid to explaining the significance of isolated compounds in the molecular pathways related to inflammation. Therefore, this review aimed to screen reports concerning the molecular mode of action assigned to phenolic compounds. The most representative compounds from the classes of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and phenolic glycosides were selected for this review. Our attention was focused mainly on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Literature searching was performed using Scopus, PubMed, and Medline databases. In conclusion, based on the available literature, phenolic compounds regulate NF-κB, Nrf2, and MAPK signaling, which supports their potential role in chronic inflammatory disorders, including osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata J. Olędzka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-116-61-85
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