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Soni H, Bhattu M, Sd P, Kaur M, Verma M, Singh J. Recent advances in waste-derived carbon dots and their nanocomposites for environmental remediation and biological applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118560. [PMID: 38447603 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The surging demand for eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis has spurred the emergence of green approaches for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs). These methods utilized natural carbon sources, such as different kind of waste for CDs synthesis, underscoring their significance in waste management and circular economy initiatives. Furthermore, the properties of CDs can be tailored by their functionalization with different materials, enabling their versatile utilization in diverse scientific domains. In this regard, the current study delves into an in-depth review of recent advances in the green/sustainable fabrication of carbon dots nanocomposites (CDNCs) with metal/metal oxides and polymers within the timeframe of 2019-2023. It begins by categorizing different types of CDs, analyzing their associated nanocomposites with mechanistic insights. The primary focus is on green synthesis methods, particularly those that employ waste materials. Furthermore, we also discussed the applications of these CDs in both environmental and biological fields by covering areas such as catalysis, photocatalysis, heavy metal ion sensing, antimicrobial, and bioimaging with in-depth underlying mechanisms. At last, the review highlights the significant challenges with future directions. These include the pursuit of cost-effective green precursors, the advancement of streamlined one-step synthesis techniques, and their efficient utilization for diverse applications. Therefore, this review provides valuable insights for researchers seeking to enhance the functionality and sustainability of CDNCs by highlighting their potential to address environmental and biological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Bhattu
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Priya Sd
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica-1000000, Chile
| | - Manvinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India.
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Kumar M, Chinnathambi S, Bakhori N, Abu N, Etezadi F, Thangavel V, Packwood D, Sivaniah E, Pandian GN. Biomass-derived carbon dots as fluorescent quantum probes to visualize and modulate inflammation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12665. [PMID: 38830927 PMCID: PMC11148068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots, which won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, have recently gained significant attention in precision medicine due to their unique properties, such as size-tunable emission, high photostability, efficient light absorption, and vibrant luminescence. Consequently, there is a growing demand to identify new types of quantum dots from various sources and explore their potential applications as stimuli-responsive biosensors, biomolecular imaging probes, and targeted drug delivery agents. Biomass-waste-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are an attractive alternative to conventional QDs, which often require expensive and toxic precursors, as they offer several merits in eco-friendly synthesis, preparation from renewable sources, and cost-effective production. In this study, we evaluated three CQDs derived from biomass waste for their potential application as non-toxic bioimaging agents in various cell lines, including human dermal fibroblasts, HeLa, cardiomyocytes, induced pluripotent stem cells, and an in-vivo medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) model. Confocal microscopic studies revealed that CQDs could assist in visualizing inflammatory processes in the cells, as they were taken up more by cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-α than untreated cells. In addition, our quantitative real-time PCR gene expression analysis has revealed that citric acid-based CQDs can potentially reduce inflammatory markers such as Interleukin-6. Our studies suggest that CQDs have potential as theragnostic agents, which can simultaneously identify and modulate inflammatory markers and may lead to targeted therapy for immune system-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Kumar
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shanmugavel Chinnathambi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan.
| | - Noremylia Bakhori
- Advanced Materials Research Centre (AMREC), SIRIM Berhad, Lot 34, Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Hi-Tech Park, 09000, Kulim, Malaysia
| | - Norhidayah Abu
- Advanced Materials Research Centre (AMREC), SIRIM Berhad, Lot 34, Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Hi-Tech Park, 09000, Kulim, Malaysia.
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Fatemeh Etezadi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan
| | - Vaijayanthi Thangavel
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan
| | - Daniel Packwood
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan
| | - Easan Sivaniah
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ganesh N Pandian
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 616-8510, Japan.
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Park SJ, Sharma A, Lee HJ. An Update on the Chemical Constituents and Biological Properties of Selected Species of an Underpinned Genus of Red Algae: Chondrus. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:47. [PMID: 38248672 PMCID: PMC10817618 DOI: 10.3390/md22010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae, particularly red seaweeds, have attracted significant attention due to their economic and health benefits. Chondrus, a red algae genus, despite its economic importance, seems to be undervalued. Among all its species, Chondrus crispus has been meticulously documented for its biological properties, and little is known about other species. No comprehensive review of the biological properties of this genus has been acknowledged. Thus, this review aimed to summarize the available information on the chemical constituents and biological properties of a few selected species, including Chondrus crispus, Chondrus ocellatus, Mazzaella canaliculata, and Chondrus armatus. We compiled and discovered that the genus is offering most of the important health-promoting benefits evidenced from in vitro and in vivo studies focused on antimicrobial, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, anti-atopic, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-coagulation, nephroprotective, anti-tumor, and anti-venom activity, which speaks about the potential of this genus. Data on clinical studies are limited. Further, around 105 chemical constituents have been reported from Chondrus spp. Given its significance, further investigation is warranted, in the form of meticulously planned cell, animal, and clinical studies that concentrate on novel health-enhancing endeavors, in order to unveil the full potential of this genus. The review also outlines challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Joo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Anshul Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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