大肠癌患者的临床、病理及预后分析576例

Hemodynamic detection by transrectal ultrasound for evaluation of preoperative stage of rectal carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the blood flow dynamics detected by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and the pathological stage of rectal cancer.

METHODS: A total of 240 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer who underwent TRUS before operation were included. The hemodynamic parameters (PI, PSV, RI, and EDV) of the tumor were routinely detected. According to the pathological stage, the parameters were analyzed retrospectively and compared.

RESULTS: PI and RI decreased with the increase of the pathological stage, and EDV and PSV increased with the increase of the pathological stage. PI and RI were negatively correlated with pathology (r = -0.680, -0.470; P = 0.000, 0.000). PSV and EDV were positively correlated with pathology (r = 0.200, 0.289; P = 0.000, 0.000).

CONCLUSION: Detection of conventional arterial hemodynamic parameters (PI, PSV, RI, and EDV) can provide important and valuable information for clinical staging of rectal cancer.

Clinical characteristics of colorectal neoplasms: A retrospective analysis of 260 cases

AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics of colorectal neoplasms so as to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

METHODS: The clinical data for 260 patients with primary colorectal neoplasms diagnosed surgically and pathologically in 2010 at our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features for colorectal neoplasms and the association of smoking, drinking and past medical history with tumor progression were analyzed.

RESULTS: Male/female ratio was 1.24:1, and the average age was 61.73 ± 11.56 years. The incidences by tumor site ranked in descending order were the rectum, the sigmoid colon, the ascending, transverse and descending colons. Synchronized carcinomas of the colon and rectum were found in 8 cases. Approximately 64.23% of rectal neoplasms were located within 8 cm to the anus. The average length was significantly longer in male cases than in female cases (8.22 cm ±3.35 cm vs 7.08 cm ± 2.09 cm, t = 2.20, P = 0.03). Bloody stools was the main symptom of left-sided colonic and rectal neoplasms, while abdominal pain and abdominal distension were main symptoms of right-sided colonic neoplasms. The positive rate of fecal occult blood test (OBT) was 80.43%. The ratio of cases in Dukes stage A was 18.85%. Tumor differentiation degree was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.145, P = 0.019). The incidence rate of right-sided colonic neoplasms among cholecystectomy patients was higher than left-sided ones but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The incidences of metastasis and infiltration among essential hypertension patients were lower (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Digital rectal examination (DRE) and OBT are two important methods for finding colorectal neoplasms. Bloody stools and abdominal pain, abdominal distension are the main symptoms of right- and left-sided colonic neoplasms, respectively. There is an increased trend in early diagnosis. Age, cholecystectomy and essential hypertension may relate to pathogenesis and development of colorectal neoplasms.