Liu YL, Huang LY, Zhong HQ, Lu M, Hou YQ, Mao H. Application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer.
Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018;
26:1102-1110. [DOI:
10.11569/wcjd.v26.i18.1102]
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Abstract
AIM
To investigate the value of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in the diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) as well as its feasibility in distinguishing GC of different TNM stages.
METHODS
InVia laser confocal microscope-Raman spectrometer was used to examine the sera of patients with pathologically confirmed GC (63 cases), those with gastric precursor lesions (45 cases), and healthy volunteers (50 cases). One-way ANOVA, Student's t test, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to process and analyze the Raman spectral data, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency.
RESULTS
The average SERS spectra of sera differed significantly among GC patients, patients with precancerous lesions, and healthy volunteers. The intensity of Raman spectra located at 725, 1099, 1133, and 1589/cm was significantly stronger in GC patients than in normal controls, while the intensity of Raman spectra at 1004, 1328, 1446, and 1657/cm was significantly stronger in normal persons. A strong enhancement in the intensity of the peak at approximately 815/cm was observed in the spectra of the serum of GC patients. At the Raman shift of 1133, 1446, and 1589/cm, Raman intensity for serum samples was significantly stronger in GC patients with TNM stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ disease than in those with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ disease, while the Raman intensity at the Raman shift of 1004/cm was significantly stronger in patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ disease. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SERS combined with multivariate PCA-LDA in diagnosing GC were 96.8% (61/63), 78% (39/50), and 88.5% (100/113), respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.927. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SERS combined with multivariate PCA-LDA in distinguishing TNM stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ GC and stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ disease were 97.5% (39/40), 73.9% (17/23), and 88.9% (56/63), respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.857.
CONCLUSION
Detection and analysis of sera based on SERS can effectively identify patients with GC, those with gastric precancerous lesions, and healthy volunteers. Furthermore, it can effectively distinguish GC of different stages. SERS is expected to become a new method for early diagnosis, clinical decision guidance, and prognosis evaluation of GC.
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