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Sergio Iván MM, María Luisa ES, Hugo LM, Jazmín Ciciolil HM, Jesús SR, Uriel Yair AS, Luis SS. Diosgenyl glucosamine conjugates increase pro-apoptotic and selective activities in cancer cell lines. Biol Cell 2024; 116:e2300052. [PMID: 38408271 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Antiproliferative and apoptotic activities have been attributed to the phytosteroid diosgenin ((25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-ol; 1). It is known that combining glucose with two rhamnoses (the chacotrioside framework) linked to diosgenin increases its apoptotic activity. However, the effects of diosgenin glucosamine glycosides on different cancer cell types and cell death have not been entirely explored. RESULTS This study reports the antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and apoptotic activities of diosgenin and its glycosylated derivative ((25R)-spirost-5-en-3β-yl β-D-glucopyranoside; 2). It also explores the effects of two diosgenin glucosamine derivates, diosgenin 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), and diosgenin 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside hydrochloride (4), on different cancer cell lines. We found that all the compounds affected proliferative activity with minimal toxicity. In addition, all cancer cell lines showed morphological and biochemical characteristics corresponding to an apoptotic process. Apoptotic cell death was higher in all cell lines treated with compounds 2, 3 and 4 than in those treated with diosgenin. Moreover, compounds 3 and 4 induced apoptosis better than compounds 1 and 2. These results suggest that combining glucosamine with modified glucosamine attached to diosgenin has a greater apoptotic effect than diosgenin or its glycosylated derivative (compound 2). Furthermore, diosgenin and the abovementioned glycosides had a selective effect on tumour cells since the proliferative capacity of human lymphocytes, keratinocytes (HaCaT) and epithelial cells (CCD841) was not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results demonstrate that diosgenin glucosamine compounds exert an antiproliferative effect on cancer cell lines and induce apoptotic effects more efficiently than diosgenin alone without affecting non-tumour cells. SIGNIFICANCE This study evidences the pro-apoptotic and selective activities of diosgenyl glucosamine compounds in cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martínez Mata Sergio Iván
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, México
| | - Escobar Sánchez María Luisa
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica, Depto. Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - López Muñoz Hugo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, México
| | - Hilario Martínez Jazmín Ciciolil
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, México
| | - Sandoval Ramírez Jesús
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Aparicio Sánchez Uriel Yair
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, México
| | - Sánchez Sánchez Luis
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztapalapa, México
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Ren QL, Wang Q, Zhang XQ, Wang M, Hu H, Tang JJ, Yang XT, Ran YH, Liu HH, Song ZX, Liu JG, Li XL. Anticancer Activity of Diosgenin and Its Molecular Mechanism. Chin J Integr Med 2023:10.1007/s11655-023-3693-1. [PMID: 36940072 PMCID: PMC10026233 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3693-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, obtained from Trigonella foenum-graecum, Dioscorea, and Rhizoma polgonati, has shown high potential and interest in the treatment of various cancers such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, glioma, and leukemia. This article aims to provide an overview of the in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies reporting the diosgenin's anticancer effects. Preclinical studies have shown promising effects of diosgenin on inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and growth, promoting apoptosis, inducing differentiation and autophagy, inhibiting tumor cell metastasis and invasion, blocking cell cycle, regulating immunity and improving gut microbiome. Clinical investigations have revealed clinical dosage and safety property of diosgenin. Furthermore, in order to improve the biological activity and bioavailability of diosgenin, this review focuses on the development of diosgenin nano drug carriers, combined drugs and the diosgenin derivatives. However, further designed trials are needed to unravel the diosgenin's deficiencies in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun-Li Ren
- Special Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Drug Development, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Drug Development, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Xin-Qun Zhang
- Zheng'an County people's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Drug Development, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Huan Hu
- Special Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Drug Development, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Jun-Jie Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Xiong-Tong Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Ying-Hui Ran
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Zhi-Xing Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Li
- Special Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Drug Development, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China.
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, China.
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Stefanowicz-Hajduk J, Król-Kogus B, Sparzak-Stefanowska B, Kimel K, Ochocka JR, Krauze-Baranowska M. Cytotoxic activity of standardized extracts, a fraction, and individual secondary metabolites from fenugreek seeds against SKOV-3, HeLa and MOLT-4 cell lines. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:424-437. [PMID: 33849376 PMCID: PMC8057092 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1903047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fabaceae) has many therapeutic properties and anticancer potential. OBJECTIVE The cytotoxic activities of standardized extracts and a fraction from fenugreek seeds and their compounds (sapogenins, flavone C-glycosides, alkaloid trigonelline) against human cancer SKOV-3, HeLa and MOLT-4 cells were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fenugreek seeds were extracted with 70% methanol (A) or water (B). Furthermore, the seeds were purified with petroleum ether and chloroform and next extracted with methanol to obtain fraction (C). The quantitative analysis of saponins and flavonoids in the extracts was done with HPLC methods. The extracts (5-120 µg/mL) and compounds (1-50 µg/mL) were tested on the cells by MTT assay and RTCA system. The effect of a fraction on ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3/7 activity in HeLa and SKOV-3 cells was also evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS The strongest cytotoxic activity on cancer cells showed the fraction C (IC50 was 3.91 ± 0.03 for HeLa, 3.97 ± 0.07 for SKOV-3, and 7.75 ± 0.37 for MOLT-4) with the highest content of steroidal saponins (163.18 ± 11.03 μg/mg) and flavone C-glycosides (820.18 ± 0.05 μg/mg). The fraction significantly increased ROS production (up to four times higher than in keratinocytes as control) and caspases activity in the cells. The examined flavonoids did not exhibit the cytotoxic activity in contrast to yamogenin, tigogenin, and diosgenin. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results complement the data on the cytotoxic activity of Foenugraeci Semen and synergistic effect of flavonoids and saponins complex contained in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Król-Kogus
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Kimel
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J. Renata Ochocka
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- CONTACT Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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