肠神经胶质细胞对肠黏膜免疫细胞的影响及其在炎症性肠病发生发展中的作用

Enteric glial cells and gastrointestinal motility

Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are an important part of the enteric nervous system and play an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal function. They can nourish and support gastrointestinal neurons, participate in the integration and regulation of neural activities in the gastrointestinal tract, mediate intestinal inflammation, and directly or indirectly regulate gastrointestinal motor function. Investigating the effect of EGCs on neurons and their role in intestinal inflammation caused by gastrointestinal movement disorders may help to reveal the mechanism underlying the impact of EGCs on gastrointestinal dynamics. In clinical practice, EGCs have the potential to be used as a therapeutic target for various gastrointestinal motor function disorders. This review will summarize current knowledge regarding the effect of EGCs on gastrointestinal motor function.

Role of enteric glial cells in inflammatory bowel disease

The etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease are currently unknown. It is generally believed that persistent intestinal infection, intestinal mucosal barrier defect, intestinal mucosal immune dysregulation and genetic and environmental factors together contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Several studies have demonstrated that enteric glial cells play an important role in maintaining the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier. Enteric glial cell deficiency in mice leads to the destruction of integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier, increases mucosal permeability, and results in intestinal inflammation, hemorrhage and necrosis. This article discusses the role of enteric glial cells in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease.