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Liu J, Yi C, Gong D, Zhao Q, Xie H, Zhao S, Yu H, Lv J, Bian E, Tian D. Construction of a 5-Gene super-enhancer-related signature for osteosarcoma prognosis and the regulatory role of TNFRSF11B in osteosarcoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102047. [PMID: 38972174 PMCID: PMC11283062 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, one of the most common primary malignancies in children and adolescents, has the primary characteristics of a poor prognosis and high rate of metastasis. This study used super-enhancer-related genes derived from two different cell lines to construct five novel super-enhancer-related gene prognostic models for patients with osteosarcoma. The training and testing datasets were used to confirm the prognostic models of the five super-enhancer-related genes, which resulted in an impartial predictive element for osteosarcoma. The immunotherapy and prediction of the response to anticancer drugs have shown that the risk signature of the five super-enhancer-related genes positively correlate with chemosensitivity. Furthermore, functional analysis of the risk signature genes revealed a significant relationship between gene groups and the malignant characteristics of tumours. TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 11b (TNFRSF11B) was selected for functional verification. Silencing of TNFRSF11B suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and suppressed osteosarcoma growth in vivo. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing was performed on MG-63 cells to study the regulatory mechanism of TNFRSF11B in osteosarcoma cells, and it was discovered that TNFRSF11B is involved in the development of osteosarcoma via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling pathway. Following the identification of TNFRSF11B as a key gene, we selected an inhibitor that specifically targeted this gene and performed molecular docking simulations. In addition, risedronic acid inhibited osteosarcoma growth at both cellular and molecular levels. In conclusion, the super-enhancer-related gene signature is a viable therapeutic tool for osteosarcoma prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Chengfeng Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Deliang Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Qingzhong Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Shibing Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, PR China, 230601; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
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2
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Yeh WC, Tu YC, Chien TC, Hsu PL, Lee CW, Wu SY, Pan BS, Yu HH, Su BC. Vismodegib Potentiates Marine Antimicrobial Peptide Tilapia Piscidin 4-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10282-8. [PMID: 38743208 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cancer with several accepted treatments, such as chemotherapy, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Nevertheless, NSCLC cells often become insensitive to these treatments, and therapeutic resistance is a major reason NSCLC still has a high mortality rate. The induction of therapeutic resistance in NSCLC often involves hedgehog, and suppression of hedgehog can increase NSCLC cell sensitivity to several conventional therapies. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the marine antimicrobial peptide tilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) exhibits potent anti-NSCLC activity in both EGFR-WT and EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells. Here, we sought to further explore whether hedgehog might influence the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to TP4. Our results showed that hedgehog was activated by TP4 in both WT and EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and that pharmacological inhibition of hedgehog by vismodegib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved hedgehog inhibitor, potentiated TP4-induced cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, vismodegib acted by enhancing TP4-mediated increases in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). MitoTempo, a specific mitochondrial ROS scavenger, abolished vismodegib/TP4 cytotoxicity. The combination of vismodegib with TP4 also reduced the levels of the antioxidant proteins catalase and superoxide dismutase, and it diminished the levels of chemoresistance-related proteins, Bcl-2 and p21. Thus, we conclude that hedgehog regulates the cytotoxic sensitivity of NSCLC cells to TP4 by protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing oxidative stress. These findings suggest that combined treatment of vismodegib and TP4 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chieh Tu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Chien
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Wan Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78, Section 2, Minzu Road, West Central District, Tainan, 70007, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ying Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC27710, USA
| | - Hsin-Hsien Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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3
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Kopparapu P, Löhr CV, Pearce MC, Tyavanagimatt S, Nakshatri H, Kolluri SK. Small Molecule Functional Converter of B-Cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) Suppresses Breast Cancer Lung Metastasis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1302-1309. [PMID: 38751629 PMCID: PMC11091964 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. Cancer cells utilize the expression of Bcl-2 to evade therapy and develop resistance. Bcl-2 overexpression also causes cancer cells to be more invasive and metastatic. About 80% of cancer deaths are due to metastases, and yet targeted therapies for metastatic cancers are scarce. We discovered a small molecule, BFC1103, which changes the conformation of Bcl-2 to convert the antiapoptotic protein to a proapoptotic protein. BFC1103-induced apoptosis is dependent on the expression levels of Bcl-2, with higher levels causing more apoptosis. BFC1103 suppressed the growth of breast cancer lung metastasis. BFC1103 has the potential for further optimization and development for clinical testing in metastatic cancers that express Bcl-2. This study demonstrates a new approach to target Bcl-2 using a small molecule, BFC1103, to suppress metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad
R. Kopparapu
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-8580, United States
| | - Christiane V. Löhr
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4801, United States
| | - Martin C. Pearce
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-8580, United States
| | - Shanthakumar Tyavanagimatt
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-8580, United States
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department
of Surgery, Indiana University School of
Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-3082, United States
| | - Siva K. Kolluri
- Cancer
Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-8580, United States
- Linus
Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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4
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Luan X, Zhai J, Li S, Du Y. Downregulation of FHL2 suppressed trophoblast migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in recurrent miscarriage. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103342. [PMID: 37945432 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is four and a half LIM domain 2 (FHL2) involved in trophoblast migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in recurrent miscarriage? DESIGN Villus tissue was collected from 24 patients who had experienced recurrent miscarriage and 24 healthy controls. FHL2 mRNA and protein expression in villus specimens were observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Small interfering RNA and overexpression plasmid were used to change the FHL2 expression. JAR and HTR8/SVneo cell lines were used to conduct scratch-wound assay and transwell assay to detect trophoblast migration and invasion of FHL2. Downstream molecule expression of mRNA and protein and EMT markers were verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Significantly lower FHL2 mRNA (P = 0.019) and protein (P = 0.0014) expression was found in trophoblasts from the recurrent miscarriage group compared with healthy controls. FHL2 knockdown repressed migration (P = 0.0046), invasion (P < 0.001) and EMT, as shown by significant differences in mRNA and protein expression of the EMT markers N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail (all P < 0.05) of extravillus trophoblasts. FHL2 overexpression enhanced migration (P = 0.025), invasion (P < 0.001) and EMT of extravillus trophoblasts (all EMT markers P < 0.05). The positive upstream factor FHL2 in the extracellular signal-related kinase pathway induced JunD expression, thereby promoting trophoblast migration and invasion via matrix metalloproteinase 2. CONCLUSIONS FHL2 is involved in a regulatory pathway of trophoblast migration, invasion and EMT during early pregnancy, and may have a role in recurrent miscarriage pathogenesis, which can serve as a possible target for novel therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Luan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Junyu Zhai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Shang Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
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5
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Figueiredo J, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Ferret L, Mergny JL, Cruz C. Harnessing G-quadruplex ligands for lung cancer treatment: A comprehensive overview. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103808. [PMID: 38414431 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. One such approach revolves around the utilization of four-stranded nucleic acid secondary structures, known as G-quadruplexes (G4), which are formed by G-rich sequences. Ligands that bind selectively to G4 structures present a promising strategy for regulating crucial cellular processes involved in the progression of LC, rendering them potent agents for lung cancer treatment. In this review, we offer a summary of recent advancements in the development of G4 ligands capable of targeting specific genes associated with the development and progression of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Figueiredo
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Lucille Ferret
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France.
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
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6
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Li K, Cai X, Fan Y, Jin M, Xie Y, Jing Z, Zang X, Han Y. Codelivery of Que and BCL-2 siRNA with Lipid-Copolymer Hybrid Nanocomplexes for Efficient Tumor Regression. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4805-4820. [PMID: 37463126 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapy is often reduced due to the chemotherapy resistance of tumor cells, which is usually caused by abnormal gene overexpression. Herein, multifunctional nanocomplexes (Que/siBCL2@BioMICs) were developed to deliver quercetin (Que) and BCL-2 siRNA (siBCL2) to synergistically inhibit tumor growth. The nanocomplexes were composed of an amphiphilic triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]-polycaprolactone (PEGMA-PDMAEA-PCL) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-biotin (DSPE-PEG-biotin). Que was encapsulated into the cores through hydrophobic interactions, while negatively charged siBCL2 was loaded through electrostatic interactions. The nanocomplexes could effectively facilitate cellular uptake via biotin-mediated active targeting and cytosolic release of cargos by the "proton sponge effect" of PDMAEA. Que/siBCL2@BioMICs achieved enhanced cytotoxicity and anti-metastasis activity due to a synergistic effect of Que and siBCL2 in vitro. More importantly, superior anti-tumor efficacy was observed in orthotopic 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with reduced primary tumor burden and lung metastatic nodules, while no obvious side effects to major organs were observed. In conclusion, the biotin-targeted nanocomplexes with chemotherapeutic and nucleotide agent entrapment provide a promising strategy for efficient triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Department of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zhenghui Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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7
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Liu Z, Chen K, Dai J, Xu P, Sun W, Liu W, Zhao Z, Bennett SP, Li P, Ma T, Lin Y, Kawakami A, Yu J, Wang F, Wang C, Li M, Chase P, Hodder P, Spicer TP, Scampavia L, Cao C, Pan L, Dong J, Chen Y, Yu B, Guo M, Fang P, Fisher DE, Wang J. A unique hyperdynamic dimer interface permits small molecule perturbation of the melanoma oncoprotein MITF for melanoma therapy. Cell Res 2023; 33:55-70. [PMID: 36588115 PMCID: PMC9810709 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00744-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) regulates melanocyte development and is the "lineage-specific survival" oncogene of melanoma. MITF is essential for melanoma initiation, progression, and relapse and has been considered an important therapeutic target; however, direct inhibition of MITF through small molecules is considered impossible, due to the absence of a ligand-binding pocket for drug design. Here, our structural analyses show that the structure of MITF is hyperdynamic because of its out-of-register leucine zipper with a 3-residue insertion. The dynamic MITF is highly vulnerable to dimer-disrupting mutations, as we observed that MITF loss-of-function mutations in human Waardenburg syndrome type 2 A are frequently located on the dimer interface and disrupt the dimer forming ability accordingly. These observations suggest a unique opportunity to inhibit MITF with small molecules capable of disrupting the MITF dimer. From a high throughput screening against 654,650 compounds, we discovered compound TT-012, which specifically binds to dynamic MITF and destroys the latter's dimer formation and DNA-binding ability. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and RNA sequencing, we showed that TT-012 inhibits the transcriptional activity of MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. In addition, TT-012 inhibits the growth of high-MITF melanoma cells, and inhibits the tumor growth and metastasis with tolerable toxicity to liver and immune cells in animal models. Together, this study demonstrates a unique hyperdynamic dimer interface in melanoma oncoprotein MITF, and reveals a novel approach to therapeutically suppress MITF activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaizhou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaige Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Mass. General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanlin Liu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Peifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiancheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Akinori Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Mass. General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Chase
- Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
- BMS Inc., Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Peter Hodder
- Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
- Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Chunyang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajia Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Kangma-Healthcode Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
| | - Pengfei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - David E Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Mass. General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Qian S, Wei Z, Yang W, Huang J, Yang Y, Wang J. The role of BCL-2 family proteins in regulating apoptosis and cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:985363. [PMID: 36313628 PMCID: PMC9597512 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.985363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, as a very important biological process, is a response to developmental cues or cellular stress. Impaired apoptosis plays a central role in the development of cancer and also reduces the efficacy of traditional cytotoxic therapies. Members of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein family have pro- or anti-apoptotic activities and have been studied intensively over the past decade for their importance in regulating apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and cellular responses to anticancer therapy. Since the inflammatory response induced by apoptosis-induced cell death is very small, at present, the development of anticancer drugs targeting apoptosis has attracted more and more attention. Consequently, the focus of this review is to summarize the current research on the role of BCL-2 family proteins in regulating apoptosis and the development of drugs targeting BCL-2 anti-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, the mechanism of BCL-2 family proteins in regulating apoptosis was also explored. All the findings indicate the potential of BCL-2 family proteins in the therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Qian
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong Wei
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wanting Yang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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9
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Doneti R, Pasha A, Botlagunta M, Heena SK, Mutyala VVVP, Pawar SC. Molecular docking, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 7-azaindole-derivative (7AID) as novel anti-cancer agent and potent DDX3 inhibitor:-an in silico and in vitro approach. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:179. [PMID: 36048256 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The DEAD-box helicase family member DDX3 is involved in many diseases, such as viral infection, inflammation, and cancer. Many studies in the last decade have revealed the role of DDX3 in tumorigenesis and metastasis. DDX3 has both tumour suppressor and oncogenic effect, in the present study we have evaluated the expression levels of DDX3 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma at mRNA level via real-time PCR and protein level via Immunohistochemistry. DDX3 has become a molecule of interest in cancer biology that promotes drug resistance by adaptive response inevitably leading to treatment failure. One approach to avoid the development of resistant to disease is to create novel drugs that target the overexpressed proteins, we designed and synthesized a novel 7-azaindole derivative (7-AID) compound, {5-[1H-pyrrolo (2, 3-b) pyridin-5-yl] pyridin-2-ol]} that could lodge within the adenosine-binding pocket of the DDX3 (PDB ID: 2I4I). The binding efficacy of 7-AID compound with DDX3 was analysed by molecular docking studies. 7-AID was found to interact with the key residues Tyr200 and Arg202 from the Q-motif rendered by π-interactions and hydrogen bonds within the binding pocket with good docking score - 7.99 kcal/mol. The cytotoxicity effect of 7-AID compound was evaluated using MTT assay on human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA MB-231) and the compound shown effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) on Hela cells 16.96 µM/ml and 14.12 and 12.69 µM/ml on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231, respectively. Further, the in-vitro, in-vivo anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic assessment of 7-AID compound was evaluated on Hela cells using scratch wound-healing assay, DAPI staining, cell cycle analysis, immunoblotting, and chorioallontoic membrane assay. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of derivative compound on DDX3 was investigated in HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA MB-231 cells at the mRNA and protein levels. The results showed that the 7-AID compound effectively inhibited DDX3 in a dose-dependent manner, and the findings suggest that the compound could be used as a potential DDX3 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Doneti
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Akbar Pasha
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Mahendran Botlagunta
- School of Biosciences Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 466114, India
| | - S K Heena
- Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500095, India
| | | | - Smita C Pawar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.
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10
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Gao J, Xia Z, Vohidova D, Joseph J, Luo JN, Joshi N. Progress in non-viral localized delivery of siRNA therapeutics for pulmonary diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1400-1428. [PMID: 37139423 PMCID: PMC10150162 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging therapies based on localized delivery of siRNA to lungs have opened up exciting possibilities for treatment of different lung diseases. Localized delivery of siRNA to lungs has shown to result in severalfold higher lung accumulation than systemic route, while minimizing non-specific distribution in other organs. However, to date, only 2 clinical trials have explored localized delivery of siRNA for pulmonary diseases. Here we systematically reviewed recent advances in the field of pulmonary delivery of siRNA using non-viral approaches. We firstly introduce the routes of local administration and analyze the anatomical and physiological barriers towards effective local delivery of siRNA in lungs. We then discuss current progress in pulmonary delivery of siRNA for respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, acute lung injury, and lung cancer, list outstanding questions, and highlight directions for future research. We expect this review to provide a comprehensive understanding of current advances in pulmonary delivery of siRNA.
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11
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Alam M, Alam S, Shamsi A, Adnan M, Elasbali AM, Al-Soud WA, Alreshidi M, Hawsawi YM, Tippana A, Pasupuleti VR, Hassan MI. Bax/Bcl-2 Cascade Is Regulated by the EGFR Pathway: Therapeutic Targeting of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:869672. [PMID: 35402265 PMCID: PMC8990771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.869672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprises 80%-85% of lung cancer cases. EGFR is involved in several cancer developments, including NSCLC. The EGFR pathway regulates the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade in NSCLC. Increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fundamental tumor progression has guided the development of numerous antitumor drugs. The development and improvement of rationally planned inhibitors and agents targeting particular cellular and biological pathways in cancer have been signified as a most important paradigm shift in the strategy to treat and manage lung cancer. Newer approaches and novel chemotherapeutic agents are required to accompany present cancer therapies for improving efficiency. Using natural products as a drug with an effective delivery system may benefit therapeutics. Naturally originated compounds such as phytochemicals provide crucial sources for novel agents/drugs and resources for tumor therapy. Applying the small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs)/phytochemicals has led to potent preclinical discoveries in various human tumor preclinical models, including lung cancer. In this review, we summarize recent information on the molecular mechanisms of the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade and EGFR pathway in NSCLC and target them for therapeutic implications. We further described the therapeutic potential of Bax/Bcl-2/EGFR SMIs, mainly those with more potent and selectivity, including gefitinib, EGCG, ABT-737, thymoquinone, quercetin, and venetoclax. In addition, we explained the targeting EGFR pathway and ongoing in vitro and in vivo and clinical investigations in NSCLC. Exploration of such inhibitors facilitates the future treatment and management of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anitha Tippana
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.,Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
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12
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Tanwar S, Thakur V, Parsad D. Dopamine toxicity contributes to melanocyte loss via melanocytorrhagy: an in vitro study. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:1253-1261. [PMID: 35325470 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) have been proposed as a possible cause of melanocyte loss. Dopamine has been observed to cause apoptosis in melanocytes via reactive oxygen species development, but the effect on melanocyte adhesion and proliferation still remains to be elucidated. Thus, we explored the dose- and time-dependent toxicity of catecholamines and the effect of dopamine on the proliferation and adhesion potential of melanocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary culture of melanocytes was investigated in vitro for toxic effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine on metabolic activity via MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Cells were observed microscopically for any phenotypic changes. Further cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell death pathway were explored under dopamine toxicity in dose- and time-dependent manner with RNase/PI method of cell cycle analysis, cell adhesion assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay, respectively. Altered gene expressions were confirmed with a real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Metabolic activity of cells varied with time and different doses of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Dopamine was observed to be more toxic than epinephrine and norepinephrine. Melanocytes were observed to follow different cell death pathways at comparatively lower and higher concentrations of dopamine. Persistent exposure to dopamine resulted in decreased cell proliferation and adhesion potential with apoptotic changes. Gene expression changes also confirmed the weak adhesion and survival potential of cells under the toxic effects of dopamine. CONCLUSION Dopamine can alter melanocytes' adhesion and survival potential, leading to apoptotic cell death or melanocytorrhagic loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Tanwar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishal Thakur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Davinder Parsad
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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13
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Making Sense of Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutics Targeting Bcl-2. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010097. [PMID: 35056993 PMCID: PMC8778715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family, comprised of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, regulates the delicate balance between programmed cell death and cell survival. The Bcl-2 family is essential in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but also a key culprit in tumorigenesis. Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, the founding member of this family, was discovered due to its dysregulated expression in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Bcl-2 is a central protagonist in a wide range of human cancers, promoting cell survival, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance; this has prompted the development of Bcl-2-targeting drugs. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) are highly specific nucleic acid polymers used to modulate target gene expression. Over the past 25 years several Bcl-2 ASO have been developed in preclinical studies and explored in clinical trials. This review will describe the history and development of Bcl-2-targeted ASO; from initial attempts, optimizations, clinical trials undertaken and the promising candidates at hand.
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14
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Kulbay M, Paimboeuf A, Ozdemir D, Bernier J. Review of cancer cell resistance mechanisms to apoptosis and actual targeted therapies. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:1736-1761. [PMID: 34791699 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The apoptosis pathway is a programmed cell death mechanism that is crucial for cellular and tissue homeostasis and organ development. There are three major caspase-dependent pathways of apoptosis that ultimately lead to DNA fragmentation. Cancerous cells are known to highly regulate the apoptotic pathway and its role in cancer hallmark acquisition has been discussed over the past decades. Numerous mutations in cancer cell types have been reported to be implicated in chemoresistance and treatment outcome. In this review, we summarize the mutations of the caspase-dependant apoptotic pathways that are the source of cancer development and the targeted therapies currently available or in trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kulbay
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adeline Paimboeuf
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derman Ozdemir
- Department of Medicine, One Brooklyn Health-Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jacques Bernier
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Arif AA, Huang YH, Freeman SA, Atif J, Dean P, Lai JCY, Blanchet MR, Wiegand KC, McNagny KM, Underhill TM, Gold MR, Johnson P, Roskelley CD. Inflammation-Induced Metastatic Colonization of the Lung Is Facilitated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Secreting Monocyte-Derived Macrophages. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:2096-2109. [PMID: 34556524 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A rate-limiting step for circulating tumor cells to colonize distant organ sites is their ability to locate a microenvironmental niche that supports their survival and growth. This can be achieved by features intrinsic to the tumor cells and/or by the conditioning of a "premetastatic" niche. To determine if pulmonary inflammation promotes the latter, we initiated models for inflammatory asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, or bleomycin-induced sterile inflammation before introducing tumor cells with low metastatic potential into the circulation. All types of inflammation increased the end-stage metastatic burden of the lungs 14 days after tumor cell inoculation without overtly affecting tumor extravasation. Instead, the number and size of early micrometastatic lesions found within the interstitial tissues 96 hours after tumor cell inoculation were increased in the inflamed lungs, coincident with increased tumor cell survival and the presence of nearby inflammation-induced monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDM; CD11b+CD11c+). Remarkably, the adoptive transfer of these MoDM was sufficient to increase lung metastasis in the absence of inflammation. These inflammation-induced MoDM secrete a number of growth factors and cytokines, one of which is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), that augmented tumor cell survival under conditions of stress in vitro. Importantly, blocking HGF signaling with the cMET inhibitor capmatinib abolished inflammation-induced early micrometastatic lesion formation in vivo. These findings indicate that inflammation-induced MoDM and HGF in particular increase the efficiency of early metastatic colonization in the lung by locally preconditioning the microenvironment. IMPLICATIONS: Inflammation preconditions the distant site microenvironment to increase the metastatic potential of tumor cells that arrive there.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif A Arif
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yu-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Spencer A Freeman
- Division of Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jawairia Atif
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pamela Dean
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jacqueline C Y Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kimberly C Wiegand
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Michael Underhill
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael R Gold
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pauline Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Calvin D Roskelley
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, the Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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16
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Shen Y, Lin Y, Liu K, Chen J, Zhong J, Gao Y, Yuan C. XIST: A Meaningful Long Noncoding RNA in NSCLC Process. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1407-1417. [PMID: 33267757 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999201202102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have proposed that lncRNA XIST plays a role in the development and chemosensitivity of NSCLC. Besides, XIST may become a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC patients. The aim of this review is to reveal the biological functions and exact mechanisms of XIST in NSCLC. METHODS In this review, relevant researches involving the relationship between XIST and NSCLC are collected through systematic retrieval of PubMed. RESULTS XIST is an oncogene in NSCLC and is abnormally upregulated in NSCLC tissues. Considerable evidence has shown that XIST plays a critical role in the proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells. XIST mainly functions as a ceRNA in the NSCLC process, while XIST also functions at transcriptional levels. CONCLUSION LncRNA XIST has the potential to become a novel biomolecular marker of NSCLC and a therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shen
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yexiang Lin
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Jinlan Chen
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhong
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yisong Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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17
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Proteasomal degradation of polycomb-group protein CBX6 confers MMP-2 expression essential for mesothelioma invasion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16678. [PMID: 33028834 PMCID: PMC7541533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggressive invasiveness of malignant mesothelioma limits cancer therapy, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the invasiveness remain largely unknown. Here we found that the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was required for the invasion of mesothelioma cells in the collagen matrix and the gene expression of MMP-2 was correlated with the invasive phenotype. The MMP-2 gene expression was regulated by DNA and histone methylation around the transcription start site, implicating the involvement of the polycomb repressive complex (PRC). Knockdown of PRC component chromobox 6 (CBX6) promoted MMP-2 expression and invasion of mesothelioma cells. Transcriptome analysis suggested that CBX6 regulates sets of genes involved in cancer cell migration and metastasis. In invasive but not non-invasive cells, CBX6 was constantly unstable owing to ubiquitination and protein degradation. In human tissues, CBX6 localized in the nuclei of normal mesothelium and benign mesothelioma, but the nuclear staining of CBX6 was lost in malignant mesothelioma. These results suggest involvement of proteasomal degradation of CBX6 in mesothelioma progression.
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18
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Tao H, Xu H, Zuo L, Li C, Qiao G, Guo M, Zheng L, Leitgeb M, Lin X. Exosomes-coated bcl-2 siRNA inhibits the growth of digestive system tumors both in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:470-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Han S, Wang Y, Ma J, Wang Z, Wang HMD, Yuan Q. Sulforaphene inhibits esophageal cancer progression via suppressing SCD and CDH3 expression, and activating the GADD45B-MAP2K3-p38-p53 feedback loop. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:713. [PMID: 32873775 PMCID: PMC7463232 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common cancer with limited therapeutic strategies, thus it is important to develop more effective strategies to against it. Sulforaphene (SFE), an isothiocyanate isolated from radish seeds, was proved to inhibit esophageal cancer progression in the current study. Flow cytometric analysis showed SFE induced cell apoptosis and cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Also, scrape motility and transwell assays presented SFE reduced esophageal cancer cell metastasis. Microarray results showed the influence of SFE on esophageal cancer cells was related with stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), cadherin 3 (CDH3), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MAP2K3) and growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta (GADD45B). SCD and CDH3 could promote esophageal cancer metastasis via activating the Wnt pathway, while the latter one was involved in a positive feedback loop, GADD45B-MAP2K3-p38-p53, to suppress esophageal cancer growth. GADD45B was known to be the target gene of p53, and we proved in this study, it could increase the phosphorylation level of MAP2K3 in esophageal cancer cells, activating p38 and p53 in turn. SFE treatment elevated MAP2K3 and GADD45B expression and further stimulated this feedback loop to better exert antitumor effect. In summary, these results demonstrated that SFE had the potential for developing as a chemotherapeutic agent because of its inhibitory effects on esophageal cancer metastasis and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yandong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen City, 361021, Fujian Province, P.R. China.
- Undergraduate Program Study of Biomedical Engineering, Physics Department, Airlangga University, Surabaya City, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
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20
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Matos B, Howl J, Jerónimo C, Fardilha M. The disruption of protein-protein interactions as a therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105145. [PMID: 32814172 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common male-specific cancers worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates associated with advanced disease stages. The current treatment options of PCa are prostatectomy, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the selection of which is usually dependent upon the stage of the disease. The development of PCa to a castration-resistant phenotype (CRPC) is associated with a more severe prognosis requiring the development of a new and effective therapy. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been recognised as an emerging drug modality and targeting PPIs is a promising therapeutic approach for several diseases, including cancer. The efficacy of several compounds in which target PPIs and consequently impair disease progression were validated in phase I/II clinical trials for different types of cancer. In PCa, various small molecules and peptides proved successful in inhibiting important PPIs, mainly associated with the androgen receptor (AR), Bcl-2 family proteins, and kinases/phosphatases, thus impairing the growth of PCa cells in vitro. Moreover, a majority of these compounds require further validation in vivo and, preferably, in clinical trials. In addition, several other PPIs associated with PCa progression have been identified and now require experimental validation as potential therapeutic loci. In conclusion, we consider the disruption of PPIs to be a promising though challenging therapeutic strategy for PCa. Agents which modulate PPIs might be employed as a monotherapy or as an adjunct to classical chemotherapeutics to overcome drug resistance and improve efficacy. The discovery of new PPIs with important roles in disease progression, and of novel optimized strategies to target them are major challenges for the scientific and pharmacological communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Matos
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - John Howl
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), Research Center-LAB 3, F Bdg., 1st Floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar- University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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21
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Liu X, Shen S, Zhu L, Su R, Zheng J, Ruan X, Shao L, Wang D, Yang C, Liu Y. SRSF10 inhibits biogenesis of circ-ATXN1 to regulate glioma angiogenesis via miR-526b-3p/MMP2 pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:121. [PMID: 32600379 PMCID: PMC7325155 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis plays an important role in the progress of glioma. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), dysregulated in various tumors, have been verified to mediate diverse biological behaviors including angiogenesis. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to detect the expression of SRSF10, circ-ATXN1, miR-526b-3p, and MMP2/VEGFA. The potential function of SRSF10/circ-ATXN1/miR-526b-3p axis in glioma-associated endothelial cells (GECs) angiogenesis was further studied. Results SRSF10 and circ-ATXN1 were significantly upregulated in GECs compared with astrocyte-associated endothelial cells (AECs). Knockdown of SRSF10 or circ-ATXN1 significantly inhibited cell viability, migration and tube formation of GECs where knockdown of SRSF10 exerted its function by inhibiting the formation of circ-ATXN1. Moreover, the combined knockdown of SRSF10 and circ-ATXN1 significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects on cell viability, migration and tube formation of GECs, compared with knockdown of SRSF10 and circ-ATXN1, respectively. MiR-526b-3p was downregulated in GECs. Circ-ATXN1 functionally targeted miR-526b-3p in an RNA-induced silencing complex. Up-regulation of miR-526b-3p inhibited cell viability, migration and tube formation of GECs. Furthermore, miR-526b-3p affected the angiogenesis of GECs via negatively regulating the expression of MMP2/VEGFA. Conclusion SRSF10/circ-ATXN1/miR-526b-3p axis played a crucial role in regulating the angiogenesis of GECs. The above findings provided new targets for anti-angiogenic therapy in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Lianqi Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China. .,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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22
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A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide modified HPMA copolymers for breast cancer metastasis suppression. J Control Release 2020; 325:38-51. [PMID: 32598957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary tumor metastasis remains to be a tough obstacle for clinical breast cancer treatment. Since evidences have shown that mitochondria play a crucial role in tumor metastasis, we designed a mitochondrial targeted drug delivery system (P-D-R8MTS) based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers to simultaneously inhibit breast cancer progression and metastasis. A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide R8MTS, which consists of a cell penetrating peptide octaarginine (R8) and a mitochondrial targeting sequence ALD5MTS, was used as targeting ligand and attached to doxorubicin (DOX) as model drug (DOX-R8MTS). After entering into the tumor cells, DOX-R8MTS was pH-responsibly released from HPMA copolymer backbone in acidic lysosome and efficiently targeted to mitochondria, resulting in enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis initiation. By destroying mitochondria, P-D-R8MTS not only inhibited cell proliferation but also suppressed migration and invasion of breast cancer 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Moreover, P-D-R8MTS exhibited superior inhibition of tumor growth and showed no apparent lung metastatic nodules on 4T1-bearing mice in vivo, which was partially via down-regulation of typical proteins associated with tumor metastasis and invasion: matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Collectively, our work provided a prospectively potential strategy for metastatic cancer treatment through mitochondrial targeted drug delivery.
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23
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Chen NN, Chao DL, Li XG. Circular RNA has_circ_0000527 participates in proliferation, invasion and migration of retinoblastoma cells via miR-646/BCL-2 axis. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:1036-1046. [PMID: 32266733 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common primary intraocular malignancies in children. Emerging researches have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in a variety of cancers. As a novel circRNA, the function of circ_0000527 in RB remains unknown. In this work, expression level of circ_0000527 and miR-646 in RB tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RB cell lines (SO-Rb50 and WERI-Rb-1) were used as cell models in functional experiments. CCK-8 assay, TUNEL assay and transwell assay were employed to detect the biological influence of circ_0000527 and miR-646 on cancer cells in vitro. qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and western blot were used for exploring the interactions among circ_0000527, miR-646 and BCL-2. It was demonstrated that expression level of circ_0000527 in RB samples was significantly up-regulated compared to normal tissues, while miR-646 was markedly down-regulated. Overexpression of circ_0000527 promoted the viability, migration and invasion of RB cells, while miR-646 transfection had the opposite effects. Circ_0000527 sponged miR-646 to regulate the expression of BCL-2. In conclusion, circ_0000527 could promote the development of RB by indirectly modulating BCL-2 via absorbing miR-646. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Expression level of circ_0000527 in RB samples was significantly up-regulated compared to normal tissues, while miR-646 was markedly down-regulated. Overexpression of circ_0000527 promoted the viability, migration and invasion of RB cells, while miR-646 transfection had the opposite effects. Circ_0000527 sponged miR-646 to regulate the expression of BCL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Chen
- Neuroscience Center, Shandong Sunshine Union Hospital Co., Ltd., Weifang, China
| | - Dai-Ling Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Xiu-Gui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
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24
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Li Q, Huang Y. Mitochondrial targeted strategies and their
application for cancer and other diseases treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Sterea AM, El Hiani Y. The Role of Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:747-770. [PMID: 31646533 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The pioneering work of Richard Altman on the presence of mitochondria in cells set in motion a field of research dedicated to uncovering the secrets of the mitochondria. Despite limitations in studying the structure and function of the mitochondria, advances in our understanding of this organelle prompted the development of potential treatments for various diseases, from neurodegenerative conditions to muscular dystrophy and cancer. As the powerhouses of the cell, the mitochondria represent the essence of cellular life and as such, a selective advantage for cancer cells. Much of the function of the mitochondria relies on Ca2+ homeostasis and the presence of effective Ca2+ signaling to maintain the balance between mitochondrial function and dysfunction and subsequently, cell survival. Ca2+ regulates the mitochondrial respiration rate which in turn increases ATP synthesis, but too much Ca2+ can also trigger the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway; however, cancer cells have evolved mechanisms to modulate mitochondrial Ca2+ influx and efflux in order to sustain their metabolic demand and ensure their survival. Therefore, targeting the mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling involved in the bioenergetic and apoptotic pathways could serve as potential approaches to treat cancer patients. This chapter will review the role of Ca2+ signaling in mediating the function of the mitochondria and its involvement in health and disease with special focus on the pathophysiology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra M Sterea
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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26
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Yi L, Luo P, Zhang J. Identification of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes in breast cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16229-16243. [PMID: 31081184 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal DNA methylation has been demonstrated to drive breast cancer tumorigenesis. Thus, this study aimed to explore differentially expressed biomarkers driven by aberrant methylation in breast cancer and explore potential pathological mechanisms using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Gene microarray datasets of expression (GSE45827) and methylation (GSE32393) were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Abnormally methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by overlapping datasets. Functional enrichment analysis of screened genes and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were executed with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. PPI networks were visualized, and hub genes were screened using Cytoscape software. The results were further verified using Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Finally, the genetic alterations and prognostic roles of hub genes were analyzed. RESULTS In total, we found 18 hypomethylated upregulated oncogenes and 21 hypermethylated downregulated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). These genes were mainly linked to the biological process categories of cellular component movement and cellular metabolism as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signaling pathways. Six hub genes were identified: three hypomethylated upregulated oncogenes (BCL2, KIT, and RARA) and three hypermethylated downregulated TSGs (ATM, DICER1, and DNMT1). The expression and methylation status of hub genes validated in Oncomine and TCGA databases were significantly altered and were consistent with our findings. Downregulation of BCL2, KIT, ATM, and DICER1 was closely associated with shorter overall survival in breast cancer patients. In addition, the expression levels of ATM and DICER1 were significantly distinct among different subgroups of clinical stages, molecular subtypes, and histological types. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals possible methylation-based DEGs and involved pathways in breast cancer, which could provide novel insights into underlying pathogenesis mechanisms. Abnormally methylated oncogenes and TSGs, especially ATM and DICER1, may emerge as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Yi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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27
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Xia P, Huang M, Zhang Y, Xiong X, Yan M, Xiong X, Yu W, Song E. NCK1 promotes the angiogenesis of cervical squamous carcinoma via Rac1/PAK1/MMP2 signal pathway. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 152:387-395. [PMID: 30442385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was to explore the roles of Nck1 in the angiogenesis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). METHODS mRNA and protein levels were evaluated with real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemisty/western blotting respectively. The cancer microvessel density (MVD) was assayed with CD34 endothelial labeling. Nck1 gene knock-in (SiHa-Nck1+) and knock-down (SiHa-Nck1-) were achieved by gene transfection and siRNA respectively. Protein level from cellular supernatant was measured with ELISA. Proliferation, migration and tube formation of the Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by CCK-8 cell viability assay, transwell chamber assay and in vitro Matrigel tubulation assay respectively. RESULTS Nck1 level gradually increased from normal cervical epithelia to high-grade CIN, overexpressed in CSCC and was associated with cancer MVD. The ability of proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs was enhanced in SiHa-Nck1+-treated while decreased in SiHa-NcK1--treated cells compared to SiHa-control-treated cells. Mechanistically, RAC1-GTP, p-PAK1 and MMP2 were increased in SiHa-NCK1+ cells and pretreatment with the Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766) significantly decreased their levels. Furthermore, inhibition of PAK1 reduced MMP2 level in SiHa-Nck1+ cells whereas the level of Rac1-GTP was unaltered. Also, inhibition of Rac1 or PAK1 impaired angiogenesis-inducing capacity of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Nck1 promotes the angiogenesis-inducing capacity of CSCC via the Rac1/PAK1/MMP2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xia
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Mingchuan Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Yong Wai zheng Road, 330006, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Xiujuan Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China
| | - Enlin Song
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, 330006, China.
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Nuclear immunoreactivity of BLM-s, a proapoptotic BCL-2 family member, is specifically detected in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2018; 84:81-91. [PMID: 30261190 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells frequently evade apoptosis triggered by cellular stress via aberrant regulation of the BCL-2 family members, which are key players in regulating cell death under physiological and pathological situations. Previously, we have identified a novel BH3-only protein of the BCL-2 family, BLM-s (BCL-2-like molecule, short form), that modulates apoptosis of postmitotic immature neurons during corticohistogenesis. Whether BLM-s expression correlates with any subtype of human tumors has not been investigated. Here, via BLM-s immunohistochemistry performed in various kinds of human tumors, we demonstrate that BLM-s is specifically expressed in tumors derived from salivary gland (specificity, 0.76 [95% confidence interval, or CI], 0.65-0.85]; sensitivity, 1 [95% CI, 0.99-1]). Stratification of BLM-s immunointensity and its subcellular localization in correlation with salivary gland tumor subtype shows a statistically significant increase in proportion and in intensity of nuclear staining for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; specificity, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88-0.95]; sensitivity, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.66-0.92]), a locally aggressive head and neck malignancy. Comparison among salivary ACC in correlation with MYB/MYBL fluorescence in situ hybridization, c-KIT immunohistochemistry, and BLM-s immunohistochemistry shows that BLM-s' nuclear immunoreactivity has lower false-negative detection rate (18.5% compared with 26.3% [MYB/MYBL fluorescence in situ hybridization] and 34.2% [c-KIT], respectively). Intriguingly, ACC derived from other cell origins such as breast shows negative BLM-s immunoreactivity. We thus propose that nuclear localization of BLM-s detected by immunohistochemistry could be potentially used as an ancillary diagnostic marker for ACC originating from the salivary gland, especially when the biopsy specimen is small with an unknown tumor origin.
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29
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Deng B, Su F, Xie R, Tang W. miR-371-5p suppresses the proliferative and migratory capacity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting BCL2. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9209-9215. [PMID: 29844823 PMCID: PMC5958798 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and function of microRNA (miR)-371-5p in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The levels of miR-371-5p were analyzed in nasopharyngeal epithelium tissues, NPC tissues, human NPC cell lines and NP69 cells using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The association between the level of miR-371-5p and clinicopathological variables was also investigated. Cell proliferation was determined using an MTT assay, and the activities of cell metastasis were determined using wound healing and Transwell migration assays. To assess whether miR-371-5p can combine with the targeting sequence of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) mRNA or not, a luciferase activity assay was performed. An animal experiment was used to examine the effect of miR-371-5p on the development of NPC. The results revealed that the expression of miR-371-5p was reduced in NPC samples and NPC cells. The level of miR-371-5p was associated with clinical stage and distant metastasis in patients with NPC, and was inversely associated with the protein level of BCL-2 in NPC tissues. The upregulation of miR-371-5p reduced cell growth, migration and invasion, and inhibited carcinoma growth through targeting BCL2 mRNA. Taken together, the regulation of miR-371-5p was shown to offer potential as a novel treatment approach for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifan Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hezhou Renmin Hospital, Hezhou, Guangxi 542899, P.R. China
| | - Feiqun Su
- Department of Nursing, Hezhou Renmin Hospital, Hezhou, Guangxi 542899, P.R. China
| | - Ruibin Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hezhou Renmin Hospital, Hezhou, Guangxi 542899, P.R. China
| | - Weiguang Tang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Hezhou Renmin Hospital, Hezhou, Guangxi 542899, P.R. China
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30
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Du C, Zhang X, Yao M, Lv K, Wang J, Chen L, Chen Y, Wang S, Fu P. Bcl-2 promotes metastasis through the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the BCap37 medullary breast cancer cell line. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8991-8898. [PMID: 29844816 PMCID: PMC5958888 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is one of the major types of cancer in women. However, despite being the focus of considerable research efforts, its molecular mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. The B-cell lymphoma/leukemia gene-2 (Bcl-2) protein is well known for its role in inhibiting programmed cell death/apoptosis. However, little is known concerning its function in cell invasion and migration. In the present study, cell migration and invasion assays revealed that anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein induced migration and invasion without affecting cell proliferation in the BCap37 breast cancer cell line. In addition, it was found that the overexpression of Bcl-2 in BCap37 cells increased metastasis to the lung in a mouse model. Using western blotting and RT q-PCR analysis, it was demonstrated that the overexpression of Bcl-2 inhibited the expression of E-cadherin, an epithelial marker, whereas it increased the levels of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin. Therefore, the results suggested that Bcl-2 may induce cellular metastasis in breast cancer via the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Du
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Minya Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Kezhen Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jiannan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Luyan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yaomin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shuqian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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MiR-34a-3p alters proliferation and apoptosis of meningioma cells in vitro and is directly targeting SMAD4, FRAT1 and BCL2. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:932-954. [PMID: 28340489 PMCID: PMC5391240 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micro (mi)RNAs are short, noncoding RNAs and deregulation of miRNAs and their targets are implicated in tumor generation and progression in many cancers. Meningiomas are mostly benign, slow growing tumors of the central nervous system with a small percentage showing a malignant phenotype. Following in silico prediction of potential targets of miR-34a-3p, SMAD4, FRAT1, and BCL2 have been confirmed as targets by dual luciferase assays with co-expression of miR-34a-3p and reporter gene constructs containing the respective 3'UTRs. Disruption of the miR-34a-3p binding sites in the 3'UTRs resulted in loss of responsiveness to miR-34a-3p overexpression. In meningioma cells, overexpression of miR-34a-3p resulted in decreased protein levels of SMAD4, FRAT1 and BCL2, while inhibition of miR-34a-3p led to increased levels of these proteins as confirmed by Western blotting. Furthermore, deregulation of miR-34a-3p altered cell proliferation and apoptosis of meningioma cells in vitro. We show that SMAD4, FRAT1 and BCL2 are direct targets of miR-34a-3p and that deregulation of miR-34a-3p alters proliferation and apoptosis of meningioma cells in vitro. As part of their respective signaling pathways, which are known to play a role in meningioma genesis and progression, deregulation of SMAD4, FRAT1 and BCL2 might contribute to the aberrant activation of these signaling pathways leading to increased proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis in meningiomas.
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MicroRNA-148a promotes apoptosis and suppresses growth of breast cancer cells by targeting B-cell lymphoma 2. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:588-595. [PMID: 28430743 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute toward tumorigenesis through the modulation of tumor-related genes. MiR-148a has been characterized as a tumor-suppressing miRNA and its downregulation has been reported in tumors of a variety of cancers. However, the functional role of miR-148a in breast cancer is not yet fully understood. Using both in-vitro and in-vivo models, we confirmed that miR-148a acts to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Through the use of bioinformatic approaches in miRNA target prediction, we determined that B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) is a likely target of miR-148a. The overexpression and tumorigenic effects of BCL-2 have already been confirmed in cancerous tumors of the breast. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to confirm that miR-148a targets the 3'-untranslated region of BCL-2. In this study, we first characterized the downregulation of miR-148a in breast cancer tissues. We then found that restoring expression of miR-148a suppressed the expression of BCL-2 at the level of both mRNA and protein. Upregulation of miR-148a caused a subsequent reduction of proliferation and an increase in apoptosis. In conclusion, we have confirmed the role of miR-148a as a pivotal regulator in breast cancer through its targeting of BCL-2. This evidence strongly suggests that miR-148a could prove to be a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Gabellini C, Trisciuoglio D, Del Bufalo D. Non-canonical roles of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins: relevance of BH4 domain. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:579-587. [PMID: 28203756 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2 protein family is constituted by multidomain members originally identified as modulators of programmed cell death and whose expression is frequently misbalanced in cancer cells. The lead member Bcl-2 and its homologue Bcl-xL proteins are characterized by the presence of all four conserved BH domain and exert their antiapoptotic role mainly through the involvement of BH1, BH2 and BH3 homology domains, that mediate the interaction with the proapoptotic members of the same Bcl-2 family. The N-terminal BH4 domain of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL is responsible for the interaction with other proteins that do not belong to Bcl-2 protein family. Beyond a classical role in inhibiting apoptosis, BH4 domain has been characterized as a crucial regulator of other important cellular functions attributed to Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, including proliferation, autophagy, differentiation, DNA repair, cell migration, tumor progression and angiogenesis. During the last two decades a strong effort has been made to dissect the molecular pathways involved the capability of BH4 domain to regulate the canonical antiapoptotic and the non-canonical activities of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, creating the basis for the development of novel anticancer agents targeting this domain. Indeed, recent evidences obtained on in vitro and in vivo model of different cancer histotypes are confirming the promising therapeutic potential of BH4 domain inhibitors supporting their future employment as a novel anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gabellini
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy and.,Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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MiR-219-5p Inhibits the Growth and Metastasis of Malignant Melanoma by Targeting BCL-2. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9032502. [PMID: 28884131 PMCID: PMC5572586 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a very dangerous tumor which is resistant to conventional therapy. MicroRNA exerts a vital function in promoting or inhibiting tumor development. The research has investigated the expression and function of miR-219-5p in melanoma. As a result, miR-219-5p expression was distinctly reduced in melanoma tissues and cell lines and was negatively correlated with Bcl-2 protein level in melanoma. Patients with low miR-219-5p level represented obviously a low overall survival in comparison with patients with high miR-219-5p level. The upregulation of miR-219-5p inhibited melanoma growth and metastasis and strengthened melanoma cells chemosensitivity by targeting Bcl-2. Therefore, the modulation of miR-219-5p expression may be a novel treatment strategy in melanoma.
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35
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Gross A, Katz SG. Non-apoptotic functions of BCL-2 family proteins. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:1348-1358. [PMID: 28234359 PMCID: PMC5520452 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The BCL-2 family proteins are major regulators of the apoptosis process, but the mechanisms by which they regulate this process are only partially understood. It is now well documented that these proteins play additional non-apoptotic roles that are likely to be related to their apoptotic roles and to provide important clues to cracking their mechanisms of action. It seems that these non-apoptotic roles are largely related to the activation of cellular survival pathways designated to maintain or regain cellular survival, but, if unsuccessful, will switch over into a pro-apoptotic mode. These non-apoptotic roles span a wide range of processes that include the regulation of mitochondrial physiology (metabolism, electron transport chain, morphology, permeability transition), endoplasmic reticulum physiology (calcium homeostasis, unfolded protein response (UPR)), nuclear processes (cell cycle, DNA damage response (DDR)), whole-cell metabolism (glucose and lipid), and autophagy. Here we review all these different non-apoptotic roles, make an attempt to link them to the apoptotic roles, and present many open questions for future research directions in this fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atan Gross
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 100 Herzel Street, Rehovot, Israel,Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 100 Herzel Street, Rehovot 76100, Israel. Tel: +972 8 9343656; Fax: +972 8 934 4116; E-mail:
| | - Samuel G Katz
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, Brady Memorial Laboratory 127A, New Haven, CT 06520, USA,Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, Brady Memorial Laboratory 127A, New Haven CT 06520, USA. Tel: +203 785 2757; E-mail:
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36
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Bcl-2 family proteins as regulators of cancer cell invasion and metastasis: a review focusing on mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget 2017; 7:5193-203. [PMID: 26621844 PMCID: PMC4868680 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Bcl-2 family proteins were originally identified as key regulators of apoptosis, an impressive body of evidence has shown that pro-survival members of the Bcl-2 family, including Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w, can also promote cell migration, invasion, and cancer metastasis. Interestingly, cell invasion was recently found to be suppressed by multidomain pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, such as Bax and Bak. While the mechanisms underlying these new functions of Bcl-2 proteins are just beginning to be studied, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as inducers of cell invasion and the production of ROS from mitochondrial respiration is known to be promoted and suppressed by the pro-survival and multidomain pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, respectively. Here, I review the evidence supporting the ability of Bcl-2 proteins to regulate cancer cell invasion and metastasis, and discuss our current understanding of their underlying mechanisms, with a particular focus on mitochondrial respiration and ROS, which could have implications for the development of strategies to overcome tumor progression.
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Huang CC, Wu DW, Lin PL, Lee H. Paxillin promotes colorectal tumor invasion and poor patient outcomes via ERK-mediated stabilization of Bcl-2 protein by phosphorylation at Serine 87. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8698-708. [PMID: 25826088 PMCID: PMC4496177 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stabilization of Bcl-2 protein by paxillin (PXN)-mediated ERK activation was recently reported to cause an unfavorable response to 5-Fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Here, we present evidence from cell and animal models to demonstrate that stabilization of Bcl-2 protein by phosphorylation at Serine 87 (pBcl-2-S87) via PXN-mediated ERK activation is responsible for cancer cell invasiveness and occurs via upregulation of MMP2 expression. Immunostainings of 190 tumors resected from colorectal cancer patients indicated that PXN expression was positively correlated with Bcl-2, pBcl-2-S87, and MMP2 expression. A positive correlation of pBcl-2-S87 with Bcl-2 and MMP2 was also observed in this study population. Patients with high PXN, Bcl-2, pBcl-2-S87, and MMP2 had poor overall survival (OS) and shorter relapse free survival (RFS). In conclusion, PXN promotes Bcl-2 phosphorylation at Serine 87 via PXN-mediated ERK activation, and its stabilization associated with increased tumor formation efficacy in mice and poor patient outcome in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chou Huang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectum, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang J, Wang S, Wang L, Wang R, Chen S, Pan B, Sun Y, Chen H. Prognostic value of Bcl-2 expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis and systemic review. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3361-9. [PMID: 26604794 PMCID: PMC4655977 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s89275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) is a proto-oncogene that plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis and cell survival. However, there are much conflicting data in the literature concerning the association between Bcl-2 and prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There is little in the way of meta-analysis focused on Bcl-2 and its effect on NSCLC prognosis. This study was performed to provide an assessment of whether expression levels of Bcl-2 are associated with prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Materials and methods We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for all eligible studies. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in terms of overall survival were evaluated. Results Fifty published studies including 6,863 patients with lung cancer were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, Bcl-2 was expressed in 33% of the NSCLC tumors studied. Our analysis indicates that NSCLC patients with Bcl-2-positive expression have a better prognosis than those with Bcl-2-negative expression in both Asian and non-Asian study populations (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.72–0.87, P<0.00001). However, Bcl-2-positive expression seems to have no significant impact on survival of stage I NSCLC patients. Conclusion Our results indicated that Bcl-2 might be a useful prognostic marker for NSCLC generally. Larger clinical trials are needed to confirm the prognostic value of Bcl-2 in stage I NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sufeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Langie SAS, Koppen G, Desaulniers D, Al-Mulla F, Al-Temaimi R, Amedei A, Azqueta A, Bisson WH, Brown DG, Brunborg G, Charles AK, Chen T, Colacci A, Darroudi F, Forte S, Gonzalez L, Hamid RA, Knudsen LE, Leyns L, Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi A, Memeo L, Mondello C, Mothersill C, Olsen AK, Pavanello S, Raju J, Rojas E, Roy R, Ryan EP, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Salem HK, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Van Schooten FJ, Valverde M, Woodrick J, Zhang L, van Larebeke N, Kirsch-Volders M, Collins AR. Causes of genome instability: the effect of low dose chemical exposures in modern society. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S61-88. [PMID: 26106144 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome instability is a prerequisite for the development of cancer. It occurs when genome maintenance systems fail to safeguard the genome's integrity, whether as a consequence of inherited defects or induced via exposure to environmental agents (chemicals, biological agents and radiation). Thus, genome instability can be defined as an enhanced tendency for the genome to acquire mutations; ranging from changes to the nucleotide sequence to chromosomal gain, rearrangements or loss. This review raises the hypothesis that in addition to known human carcinogens, exposure to low dose of other chemicals present in our modern society could contribute to carcinogenesis by indirectly affecting genome stability. The selected chemicals with their mechanisms of action proposed to indirectly contribute to genome instability are: heavy metals (DNA repair, epigenetic modification, DNA damage signaling, telomere length), acrylamide (DNA repair, chromosome segregation), bisphenol A (epigenetic modification, DNA damage signaling, mitochondrial function, chromosome segregation), benomyl (chromosome segregation), quinones (epigenetic modification) and nano-sized particles (epigenetic pathways, mitochondrial function, chromosome segregation, telomere length). The purpose of this review is to describe the crucial aspects of genome instability, to outline the ways in which environmental chemicals can affect this cancer hallmark and to identify candidate chemicals for further study. The overall aim is to make scientists aware of the increasing need to unravel the underlying mechanisms via which chemicals at low doses can induce genome instability and thus promote carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine A S Langie
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium, Health Canada, Environmental Health Sciences and Research Bureau, Environmental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31009, Spain, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, N-0403 Oslo, Norway, Hopkins Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6UB, UK, Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Human and Environmental Safety Research, Department of Health Sciences, College of North Atlantic, Doha, State of Qatar, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia, University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen 1353, Denmark, Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy, Medical Phys
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium, Health Canada, Environmental Health Sciences and Research Bureau, Environmental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31009, Spain, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, N-0403 Oslo, Norway, Hopkins Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6UB, UK, Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Human and Environmental Safety Research, Department of Health Sciences, College of North Atlantic, Doha, State of Qatar, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy, Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia, University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen 1353, Denmark, Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy, Medical Phys
| | - Daniel Desaulniers
- Health Canada, Environmental Health Sciences and Research Bureau, Environmental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | | | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31009, Spain
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Gunnar Brunborg
- Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Amelia K Charles
- Hopkins Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6UB, UK
| | - Tao Chen
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Annamaria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Firouz Darroudi
- Human and Environmental Safety Research, Department of Health Sciences, College of North Atlantic, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Laetitia Gonzalez
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Copenhagen 1353, Denmark
| | - Luc Leyns
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | | | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Carmel Mothersill
- Medical Physics & Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- Department of Chemicals and Radiation, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Emilio Rojas
- Departamento de Medicina Genomica y Toxicologia Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México CP 04510, México
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Departamento de Medicina Genomica y Toxicologia Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México CP 04510, México
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Frederik J Van Schooten
- Department of Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200MD, PO Box 61, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mahara Valverde
- Departamento de Medicina Genomica y Toxicologia Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México CP 04510, México
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
| | - Nik van Larebeke
- Laboratory for Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium, Study Centre for Carcinogenesis and Primary Prevention of Cancer, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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Kim EM, Park JK, Hwang SG, Um HD. Src and epidermal growth factor receptor mediate the pro-invasive activity of Bcl-w. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1245-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Raudenska M, Sztalmachova M, Gumulec J, Fojtu M, Polanska H, Balvan J, Feith M, Binkova H, Horakova Z, Kostrica R, Kizek R, Masarik M. Prognostic significance of the tumour-adjacent tissue in head and neck cancers. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9929-39. [PMID: 26168959 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3755-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with significant advances in operative skills and adjuvant therapies, the overall survival of patients suffering with head and neck squamous cancers (HNSCC) is unsatisfactory. Accordingly, no clinically useful prognostic biomarkers have been found yet for HNSCC. Many studies analysed the expression of potential markers in tumour tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Nevertheless, due to the sharing of the same microenvironment, adjacent tissues show molecular similarity to tumour tissues. Thus, gene expression patterns of 94 HNSCC tumorous tissues were compared with 31 adjacent tissues and with 10 tonsillectomy specimens of non-cancer individuals. The genes analysed at RNA level using quantitative RT-PCR and correlated with clinico-pathological conditions were as follows: EGF, EGFR, MKI67, BCL2, BAX, FOS, JUN, TP53, VEGF, FLT1, MMP2, MMP9, MT1A and MT2A. The elevated MT2A, BAX, EGF and JUN expression was associated with the influence of tumour cells on the rearrangement of healthy tissues, as well as a significant shift in the BAX/BCL2 ratio. Our investigation also indicated that adjacent tissues play an important role in cancerogenesis by releasing several tumour-supporting factors such as EGF. A gradual increase in the metallothionein expression, from the lowest one in tonsillectomy samples to the highest ones in tumour samples, suggests that MT expression might be tissue reaction to the presence of tumour cells. The results of this study confirmed the significance of metallothionein in tumori-genesis and gave evidences for its use as a potential HNSCC biomarker. Furthermore, this study highlighted the importance of histologically normal tumour-adjacent tissue in prediction of HNSCC progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Sztalmachova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Fojtu
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Polanska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Feith
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Binkova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Horakova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rom Kostrica
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Kim EM, Park JK, Hwang SG, Kim WJ, Liu ZG, Kang SW, Um HD. Nuclear and cytoplasmic p53 suppress cell invasion by inhibiting respiratory complex-I activity via Bcl-2 family proteins. Oncotarget 2015; 5:8452-65. [PMID: 25115399 PMCID: PMC4226696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the p53 tumor suppressor/transcription factor often accumulates in the cytoplasm of healthy cells, limited information is available on the cytoplasmic function of p53. Here, we show that cytoplasmic p53 suppresses cell invasion by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Analysis revealed that this function is mediated by Bcl-2 family proteins: Cytoplasmic p53 binds Bcl-w, liberating Bax, which then binds ND5, a subunit of respiratory complex-I, thereby suppressing complex-I activity and thus ROS production. The G13289A mutation of ND5, identified in cancer patients, prevents Bax/ND5 interactions and promotes ROS production and cell invasion. We also showed that Bcl-XL and Bak can substitute for Bcl-w and Bax, respectively, regulating complex-I activity and supporting the cytoplasmic function of p53; nuclear p53 also suppresses complex-I activity by inducing Bax expression. Studies in animal models support the notion that p53 and Bcl-2 family proteins exhibit these functions in vivo. This study demonstrates a link between p53 and Bcl-2 proteins as regulators of ROS production and cellular invasiveness, and reveals complex-I, especially ND5, as their functional target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Kim
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Woman's University Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Zheng-Gang Liu
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sang Won Kang
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Woman's University Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Interrogation of gossypol therapy in glioblastoma implementing cell line and patient-derived tumour models. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:2275-86. [PMID: 25375271 PMCID: PMC4264441 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM), being a highly vascularised and locally invasive tumour, is an attractive target for anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive therapies. The GBM/endothelial cell response to gossypol/temozolomide (TMZ) treatment was investigated with a particular aim to assess treatment effects on cancer hallmarks. METHODS Cell viability, endothelial tube formation and GBM tumour cell invasion were variously assessed following combined treatment in vitro. The U87MG-luc2 subcutaneous xenograft model was used to investigate therapeutic response in vivo. Viable tumour response to treatment was interrogated using immunohistochemistry. Combined treatment protocols were also tested in primary GBM patient-derived cultures. RESULTS An endothelial/GBM cell viability inhibitory effect, as well as an anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive response, to combined treatment have been demonstrated in vitro. A significantly greater anti-proliferative (P=0.020, P=0.030), anti-angiogenic (P=0.040, P<0.0001) and pro-apoptotic (P=0.0083, P=0.0149) response was observed when combined treatment was compared with single gossypol/TMZ treatment response, respectively. GBM cell line and patient-specific response to gossypol/TMZ treatment was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that response to a combined gossypol/TMZ treatment is related to inhibition of tumour-associated angiogenesis, invasion and proliferation and warrants further investigation as a novel targeted GBM treatment strategy.
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Zhang R, Li M, Zang W, Chen X, Wang Y, Li P, Du Y, Zhao G, Li L. MiR-148a regulates the growth and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer by targeting CCKBR and Bcl-2. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:837-44. [PMID: 23975374 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed that miR-148a is downregulated in pancreatic cancer. Bioinformatics analysis has shown cholecystokinin-B receptor (CCKBR) and B cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) to be potential targets of miR-148a. But the pathophysiologic role of miR-148a and its relevance to the growth and development of pancreatic cancer are yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms where miR-148a acts as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer. Our results showed significant downregulation of miR-148a in 28 pancreatic cancer tissue samples and five pancreatic cancer cell lines, compared with their non-tumor counterparts by qRT-PCR. MiR-148a was found to not only inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and AsPC-1) in vitro by MTT assay and colony formation assay, but also to promote cells apoptosis in vitro by Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection and caspase activity assay. Using western blot and luciferase activity assay, CCKBR and Bcl-2 were identified as targets of miR-148a. Moreover, we also found that the expression of Bcl-2 lacking in 3'UTR could abrogate the pro-apoptosis function of miR-148a. These findings suggest the importance of miR-148a's targeting of CCKBR and Bcl-2 in the regulation of pancreatic cancer growth and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
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Bonneau B, Prudent J, Popgeorgiev N, Gillet G. Non-apoptotic roles of Bcl-2 family: the calcium connection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:1755-65. [PMID: 23360981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The existence of the bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) gene was reported nearly 30 years ago. Yet, Bcl-2 family group of proteins still surprises us with their structural and functional diversity. Since the discovery of the Bcl-2 family of proteins as one of the main apoptosis judges, the precise mechanism of their action remains a hot topic of intensive scientific research and debates. Although extensive work has been performed on the role of mitochondria in apoptosis, more and more studies point out an implication of the endoplasmic reticulum in this process. Interestingly, Bcl-2 family proteins could be localized to both the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum highlighting their crucial role in apoptosis control. In particular, in these organelles Bcl-2 proteins seem to be involved in calcium homeostasis regulation although the mechanisms underlying this function are still misunderstood. We now assume with high degree of certainty that the majority of Bcl-2 family members take part not only in apoptosis regulation but also in other processes important for the cell physiology briefly denominated as "non-apoptotic" functions. Drawing a complete and comprehensive image of Bcl-2 family requires the understanding of their implications in all cellular processes. Here, we review the current knowledge on the control of calcium homeostasis by the Bcl-2 family at the endoplasmic reticulum and at the mitochondria. Then we focus on the non-apoptotic functions of the Bcl-2 proteins in relation with the regulation of this versatile intracellular messenger. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 12th European Symposium on Calcium.
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Modulation of cancer traits by tumor suppressor microRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1822-42. [PMID: 23325049 PMCID: PMC3565350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. In mammalian cells, miRNAs typically suppress mRNA stability and/or translation through partial complementarity with target mRNAs. Each miRNA can regulate a wide range of mRNAs, and a single mRNA can be regulated by multiple miRNAs. Through these complex regulatory interactions, miRNAs participate in many cellular processes, including carcinogenesis. By altering gene expression patterns, cancer cells can develop specific phenotypes that allow them to proliferate, survive, secure oxygen and nutrients, evade immune recognition, invade other tissues and metastasize. At the same time, cancer cells acquire miRNA signature patterns distinct from those of normal cells; the differentially expressed miRNAs contribute to enabling the cancer traits. Over the past decade, several miRNAs have been identified, which functioned as oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or tumor-suppressive miRNAs (TS-miRNAs). In this review, we focus specifically on TS-miRNAs and their effects on well-established cancer traits. We also discuss the rising interest in TS-miRNAs in cancer therapy.
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Wu Q, Hou X, Xia J, Qian X, Miele L, Sarkar FH, Wang Z. Emerging roles of PDGF-D in EMT progression during tumorigenesis. Cancer Treat Rev 2012; 39:640-6. [PMID: 23261166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) signaling pathway has been reported to be involved in regulating various cellular processes, such as cell growth, apoptotic cell death, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Recently, multiple studies have shown that PDGF-D plays a critical role in governing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), although the underlying mechanism of PDGF-D-mediated acquisition of EMT is largely unclear. Therefore, this mini review will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the role of PDGF-D in the acquisition of EMT during tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we will summarize the function of chemical inhibitors and natural compounds that are known to inactivate PDGF-D signaling pathway, which leads to the reversal of EMT. In summary, inactivation of PDGF-D could be a novel strategy for achieving better treatment outcome of patients inflicted with cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui, PR China.
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Ko E, Kim Y, Cho EY, Han J, Shim YM, Park J, Kim DH. Synergistic Effect of Bcl-2 and Cyclin A2 on Adverse Recurrence-Free Survival in Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 20:1005-12. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen WL, Kuo KT, Chou TY, Chen CL, Wang CH, Wei YH, Wang LS. The role of cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells: association with migration, invasion and prediction of distant metastasis. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:273. [PMID: 22748147 PMCID: PMC3406994 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, but useful biomarkers of lung cancer are still insufficient. The aim of this study is to identify some membrane-bound protein(s) associated with migration and invasion in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods We classified four NSCLC cell lines into high and low migration/invasion groups by Transwell and Matrigel assays. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), we identified 10 membrane-associated proteins being significantly overexpressed in the high migration/invasion group. The expression of the target protein in the four NSCLC cell lines was then confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot and immunostaining. RNA interference technique was applied to observe the influence of the target protein on migration and invasion. Gelatin zymography was also performed to evaluate the activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Expression condition of the target protein on surgical specimens was further examined by immunohistochemical staining and the clinicopathologic data were analyzed. Results We identified a mitochondria-bound protein cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va (COX Va) because of its abundant presence found exclusively in tumorous areas. We also demonstrated that migration and invasion of NSCLC cells decreased substantially after knocking down COX Va by siRNA. Meanwhile, we found a positive correlation between COX Va expression, Bcl-2 expression and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in NSCLC cells. Immunohistochemical staining of surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas in 250 consecutive patients revealed that strong COX Va expression was found in 54.8% (137/250) of patients and correlated positively with the status of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.032). Furthermore, strong COX Va expression was associated with the presence of distant metastasis (P = 0.033). Conclusions Our current study showed that COX Va may play a role in migration and invasion of NSCLC cells and can be used as a biomarker to predict aggressiveness of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Kim EM, Kim J, Park JK, Hwang SG, Kim WJ, Lee WJ, Kang SW, Um HD. Bcl-w promotes cell invasion by blocking the invasion-suppressing action of Bax. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1163-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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