1
|
Nguyen TKC, Do HDK, Nguyen TLP, Pham TT, Mach BN, Nguyen TC, Pham TL, Katsande PM, Hong HA, Duong HT, Phan AN, Cutting SM, Vu MT, Nguyen VD. Genomic and vaccine preclinical studies reveal a novel mouse-adapted Helicobacter pylori model for the hpEastAsia genotype in Southeast Asia. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38235783 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major global health concern, linked to the development of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. To study the pathogenesis of H. pylori and develop effective intervention strategies, appropriate animal pathogen models that closely mimic human infection are essential.Gap statement. This study focuses on the understudied hpEastAsia genotype in Southeast Asia, a region marked by a high H. pylori infection rate. No mouse-adapted model strains has been reported previously. Moreover, it recognizes the urgent requirement for vaccines in developing countries, where overuse of antimicrobials is fuelling the emergence of resistance.Aim. This study aims to establish a novel mouse-adapted H. pylori model specific to the hpEastAsia genotype prevalent in Southeast Asia, focusing on comparative genomic and histopathological analysis of pathogens coupled with vaccine preclinical studies.Methodology. We collected and sequenced the whole genome of clinical strains of H. pylori from infected patients in Vietnam and performed comparative genomic analyses of H. pylori strains in Southeast Asia. In parallel, we conducted preclinical studies to assess the pathogenicity of the mouse-adapted H. pylori strain and the protective effect of a new spore-vectored vaccine candidate on male Mlac:ICR mice and the host immune response in a female C57BL/6 mouse model.Results. Genome sequencing and comparison revealed unique and common genetic signatures, antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors in strains HP22 and HP34; and supported clarithromycin-resistant HP34 as a representation of the hpEastAsia genotype in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. HP34-infected mice exhibited gastric inflammation, epithelial erosion and dysplastic changes that closely resembled the pathology observed in human H. pylori infection. Furthermore, comprehensive immunological characterization demonstrated a robust host immune response, including both mucosal and systemic immune responses. Oral vaccination with candidate vaccine formulations elicited a significant reduction in bacterial colonization in the model.Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate the successful development of a novel mouse-adapted H. pylori model for the hpEastAsia genotype in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Our research highlights the distinctive genotype and pathogenicity of clinical H. pylori strains in the region, laying the foundation for targeted interventions to address this global health burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Cuc Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Do
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Phuong Nguyen
- Institute of Vaccines and Biological Medicals (IVAC), 9 Pasteur Street, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thuy Pham
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Bao Ngoc Mach
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Chinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Pham
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Paidamoyo M Katsande
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Huynh Anh Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Huu Thai Duong
- Institute of Vaccines and Biological Medicals (IVAC), 9 Pasteur Street, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Anh N Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Simon M Cutting
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Minh Thiet Vu
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Duy Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao R, Yu Z, Mao X, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Knockout of UBE2S inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces apoptosis by FAS-mediated death receptor pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113293. [PMID: 35863455 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin binding enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is a member of ubiquitin binding enzyme family involved in a variety of biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and regulation of the ubiquitination of proteins, which are closely correlated with the development of various tumors. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. In this study, we found that UBE2S was upregulated in GC tissues and cells. Further, its high expression positively correlated with the tumor stage and indicated a poor prognosis. Knockout of UBE2S by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated strategy suppressed the growth of GC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis was performed for exploring the underlying mechanism. The multi-omics and verification results showed that UBE2S knockout-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of GC cells was related to upregulation of FAS and the activation of the FAS-mediated apoptotic pathway. Moreover, a negative correlation between UBE2S and FAS expression was observed in GC tissue samples. Finally, the ubiquitination assay confirmed that knockout of UBE2S might activate endogenous FAS by inhibiting ubiquitination and degradation of p53 in GC cells. Collectively, UBE2S is expected to be a novel prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaorong Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ansari S, Yamaoka Y. Animal Models and Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113141. [PMID: 35683528 PMCID: PMC9181647 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonize the gastric mucosa of at least half of the world’s population. Persistent infection is associated with the development of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and an increased risk of gastric cancer and gastric-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. In vivo studies using several animal models have provided crucial evidence for understanding the pathophysiology of H. pylori-associated complications. Numerous animal models, such as Mongolian gerbils, transgenic mouse models, guinea pigs, and other animals, including non-human primates, are being widely used due to their persistent association in causing gastric complications. However, finding suitable animal models for in vivo experimentation to understand the pathophysiology of gastric cancer and MALT lymphoma is a complicated task. In this review, we summarized the most appropriate and latest information in the scientific literature to understand the role and importance of H. pylori infection animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan;
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Oita, Japan;
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-97-586-5740
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dysregulated Immune Responses by ASK1 Deficiency Alter Epithelial Progenitor Cell Fate and Accelerate Metaplasia Development during H. pylori Infection. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8121995. [PMID: 33542169 PMCID: PMC7765114 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of H. pylori-induced atrophy and metaplasia has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the novel role of Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and downstream MAPKs as a regulator of host immune responses and epithelial maintenance against H. pylori infection. ASK1 gene deficiency resulted in enhanced inflammation with numerous inflammatory cells including Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruited into the infected stomach. Increase of IL-1β release from apoptotic macrophages and enhancement of TH1-polarized immune responses caused STAT1 and NF-κB activation in epithelial cells in ASK1 knockout mice. Dysregulated immune and epithelial activation in ASK1 knockout mice led to dramatic expansion of gastric progenitor cells and massive metaplasia development. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that ASK1 in inflammatory cells is critical for inducing immune disorder and metaplastic changes in epithelium, while ASK1 in epithelial cells regulates cell proliferation in stem/progenitor zone without changes in inflammation and differentiation. These results suggest that H. pylori-induced immune cells may regulate epithelial homeostasis and cell fate as an inflammatory niche via ASK1 signaling.
Collapse
|
5
|
Increased LIGHT expression and activation of non-canonical NF-κB are observed in gastric lesions of MyD88-deficient mice upon Helicobacter felis infection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7030. [PMID: 31065023 PMCID: PMC6504916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection induces a number of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways contributing to gastric inflammation and carcinogenesis. Among those, NF-κB signaling plays a pivotal role during infection and malignant transformation of the gastric epithelium. However, deficiency of the adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), which signals through NF-κB, led to an accelerated development of gastric pathology upon H. felis infection, but the mechanisms leading to this phenotype remained elusive. Non-canonical NF-κB signaling was shown to aggravate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation via activation of the lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR). In the present study, we explored whether the exacerbated pathology observed in MyD88-deficient (Myd88−/−) mice was associated with aberrant activation of non-canonical NF-κB. Our results indicate that, in the absence of MyD88, H. felis infection enhances the activation of non-canonical NF-κB that is associated with increase in Cxcl9 and Icam1 gene expression and CD3+ lymphocyte recruitment. In addition, activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling was higher in Myd88−/− compared to wild type (WT) mice, indicating a link between MyD88 deficiency and STAT3 activation in response to H. felis infection. Thereby, MyD88 deficiency results in accelerated and aggravated gastric pathology induced by Helicobacter through activation of non-canonical NF-κB.
Collapse
|
6
|
Abdel-Rahman O, Fouad M. Temozolomide-based combination for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic review of the literature. Future Oncol 2016; 11:1275-90. [PMID: 25832882 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this systematic review, we explored the value of using temozolomide (TMZ)-based combinations for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). METHODS Database search were conducted using the terms 'NENs' and 'TMZ' and 'systemic therapy.' Outcomes of interest included progression-free survival and overall survival, toxicities and tumor response. RESULTS In total, 16 trials including 348 patients were included. Median progression-free survival ranged from 6 to 31 months. The disease control rate ranged from 65 to 100%. Frequently reported grade 3/4 toxicities were leukopenia, lymphopenia and elevated transaminases. CONCLUSION The published clinical data suggest that TMZ-based combination with some anticancer agents (especially capecitabine) could be an effective treatment option for advanced low-intermediate grade NENs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of Helicobacter pylori on cancer of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and metastasis of tumor cells—an in vitro study. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3371-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
8
|
Yang F, Long W, Xuechuan H, Xueqin L, Hongyun M, Yonghui D. Upregulation of Fas in epithelial ovarian cancer reverses the development of resistance to cisplatin. BMB Rep 2015; 48:30-5. [PMID: 24755555 PMCID: PMC4345639 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.1.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the role of Fas in the development of Cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. On the cellular level, Fas expression was significantly reduced in Cisplatin resistant A2780 (A2780/CP) cells compared with A2780 cells. Fas silence with siRNA would promote tumor cell lines proliferation, facilitate tumor cell cycle transition of G1/S, prevent cell apoptosis, and promote cell migration. Expression of drug resistance gene was negatively correlated to Fas. In nude mice metastasis model of human ovarian carcinoma by subcutaneous transplantation, after Ad-Fas injected intratumorly, we found that upregulation of Fas could inhibit transplantation tumor tissue growth and reduce the expression of drug resistance gene. Our results indicated that upregulation of Fas in epithelial ovarian cancer reversed the development of resistance to Cisplatin. In conclusion, our findings suggested that Fas might act as a promising therapeutic target for improvement of the sensibility to Cisplatin in ovarian cancer. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(1): 30-35]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Long
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xuechuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Xueqin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ma Hongyun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Yonghui
- Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duckworth CA, Abuderman AA, Burkitt MD, Williams JM, O'Reilly LA, Pritchard DM. bak deletion stimulates gastric epithelial proliferation and enhances Helicobacter felis-induced gastric atrophy and dysplasia in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G420-30. [PMID: 26159699 PMCID: PMC4572407 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00404.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter infection causes a chronic superficial gastritis that in some cases progresses via atrophic gastritis to adenocarcinoma. Proapoptotic bak has been shown to regulate radiation-induced apoptosis in the stomach and colon and also susceptibility to colorectal carcinogenesis in vivo. Therefore we investigated the gastric mucosal pathology following H. felis infection in bak-null mice at 6 or 48 wk postinfection. Primary gastric gland culture from bak-null mice was also used to assess the effects of bak deletion on IFN-γ-, TNF-α-, or IL-1β-induced apoptosis. bak-null gastric corpus glands were longer, had increased epithelial Ki-67 expression, and contained fewer parietal and enteroendocrine cells compared with the wild type (wt). In wt mice, bak was expressed at the luminal surface of gastric corpus glands, and this increased 2 wk post-H. felis infection. Apoptotic cell numbers were decreased in bak-null corpus 6 and 48 wk following infection and in primary gland cultures following cytokine administration. Increased gastric epithelial Ki-67 labeling index was observed in C57BL/6 mice after H. felis infection, whereas no such increase was detected in bak-null mice. More severe gastric atrophy was observed in bak-null compared with C57BL/6 mice 6 and 48 wk postinfection, and 76% of bak-null compared with 25% of C57BL/6 mice showed evidence of gastric dysplasia following long-term infection. Collectively, bak therefore regulates gastric epithelial cell apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, mucosal thickness, and susceptibility to gastric atrophy and dysplasia following H. felis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. A. Duckworth
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;
| | - A. A. Abuderman
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;
| | - M. D. Burkitt
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;
| | - J. M. Williams
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;
| | - L. A. O'Reilly
- 2The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and ,3Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - D. M. Pritchard
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hyland PL, Lin SW, Hu N, Zhang H, Wang L, Su H, Wang C, Ding T, Tang ZZ, Fan JH, Qiao YL, Xiong X, Wheeler W, Giffen C, Yu K, Yuenger J, Burdett L, Wang Z, Chanock SJ, Tucker MA, Dawsey SM, Freedman ND, Goldstein AM, Abnet CC, Taylor PR. Genetic variants in fas signaling pathway genes and risk of gastric cancer. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:822-31. [PMID: 23921907 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Populations in north central China are at high risk for gastric cancers (GC), and altered FAS-mediated cell signaling and/or apoptosis may contribute to this risk. We examined the association of 554 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 53 Fas signaling-related genes using a pathway-based approach in 1758 GC cases (1126 gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA) and 632 gastric noncardia adenocarcinomas (GNCA)), and 2111 controls from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of GC in ethnic Chinese. SNP associations with risk of overall GC, GCA and GNCA were evaluated using unconditional logistic regressions controlling for age, sex and study. Gene- and pathway-based associations were tested using the adaptive rank-truncated product (ARTP) method. Statistical significance was evaluated empirically by permutation. Significant pathway-based associations were observed for Fas signaling with risk of overall GC (p = 5.5E-04) and GCA (p = 6.3E-03), but not GNCA (p= 8.1E-02). Among examined genes in the Fas signaling pathway, MAP2K4, FAF1, MAPK8, CASP10, CASP8, CFLAR, MAP2K1, CAP8AP2, PAK2 and IKBKB were associated with risk of GC (nominal p < 0.05), and FAF1 and MAPK8 were significantly associated with risk of both GCA and GNCA (nominal p< 0.05). Our examination of genetic variation in the Fas signaling pathway is consistent with an association of altered Fas signaling and/or apoptosis with risk of GC. As one of the first attempts to investigate a pathway-level association, our results suggest that these genes and the Fas signaling pathway warrant further evaluation in relation to GC risk in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula L Hyland
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA; Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Animal models are essential for in vivo analysis of Helicobacter-related diseases. Transgenic mice and Mongolian gerbil models have been the corner stone of present research focusing on both bacterial virulence factors and host response to infection. Establishing a reproducible rodent model of persistent Helicobacter pylori infection that resembles the H. pylori-associated gastritis observed in humans was a considerable challenge until Lee et al. (Gastroenterology 112:1386-1397, 1997) successfully adapted a clinical Cag A- and Vac A-expressing strain for the mouse stomach. This so-called SS1 (Sydney) strain has since been extensively used for H. pylori research; other rodent-adapted Helicobacter strains have subsequently been developed and utilized in wild-type and genetically engineered rodent models. These bacteria include both H. pylori and the larger but related species H. felis (originally isolated from cats). In this chapter we focus mainly on these two Helicobacter strains and review the rodent models that have been employed to investigate how Helicobacter species induce gastric inflammation and disease.
Collapse
|
12
|
Anthocyanin-rich Mulberry extract inhibit the gastric cancer cell growth in vitro and xenograft mice by inducing signals of p38/p53 and c-jun. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
13
|
Shibata W, Takaishi S, Muthupalani S, Pritchard DM, Whary MT, Rogers AB, Fox JG, Betz KS, Kaestner KH, Karin M, Wang TC. Conditional deletion of IkappaB-kinase-beta accelerates helicobacter-dependent gastric apoptosis, proliferation, and preneoplasia. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:1022-34.e1-10. [PMID: 19962981 PMCID: PMC2831162 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)/IkappaB-kinase-beta (IKKbeta) pathway has been shown to represent a key link between inflammation and cancer, inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in myeloid cells and anti-apoptotic pathways in epithelial cells. However, the role of NF-kappaB pathway in gastric carcinogenesis and injury has not been well-defined. We derived mice with a conditional knockout of IKKbeta in gastric epithelial cells (GECs) and myeloid cells, and examined responses to ionizing radiation (IR) and Helicobacter felis infection. METHODS Ikkbeta(Deltastom) mice were generated by crossing Foxa3-Cre mice to Ikkbeta(F/F) mice. Cellular stress was induced with IR and H felis in Ikkbeta(Deltastom), Ikkbeta(F/F), and cis-NF-kappaB-enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter mice. Gastric histopathology, apoptosis, proliferation, necrosis, reactive oxygen species, and expression of cytokines, chemokines, and anti-apoptotic genes were assessed. The role of myeloid IKKbeta in these models was studied by crosses with LysM-Cre mice. RESULTS NF-kappaB activity was upregulated in myeloid cells with acute H felis infection, but in GECs by IR or long-term H felis infection during progression to dysplasia. Deletion of IKKbeta in GECs led to increased apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and cellular necrosis, and resulted in up-regulation of interleukin-1alpha and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic genes. Loss of IKKbeta in GECs resulted in worse inflammation and more rapid progression to gastric preneoplasia, while loss of IKKbeta in myeloid cells inhibited development of gastric atrophy. CONCLUSIONS The loss of IKKbeta/NF-kappaB signaling in GECs results in increased apoptosis and necrosis in response to cellular stress, and accelerated development of dysplasia by Helicobacter infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Shibata
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Shigeo Takaishi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | | | - D. Mark Pritchard
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark T. Whary
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Arlin B. Rogers
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Kelly S. Betz
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Klaus H. Kaestner
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Timothy C. Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nakai E, Park K, Yawata T, Chihara T, Kumazawa A, Nakabayashi H, Shimizu K. Enhanced MDR1 expression and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells derived from glioblastoma. Cancer Invest 2009; 27:901-8. [PMID: 19832037 DOI: 10.3109/07357900801946679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We established a cancer stem (CS) cell line, U87CS, by means of spheroid culture of U87MG cells derived from glioblastoma (GBM) in neuronal stem cell medium. U87CS cells presented positive immunohistochemical staining for multidrug resistance (MDR)1 and CD133, a marker for a subset of leukemia and GBM CS cells. The gene expression of MDR1 and CD133 on U87CS cells increased by an average of 8.51 and 47.18 times, respectively, compared to the levels on U87MG cells by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. U87CS cells possessed stronger drug-resistance to conventional anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (Dox), etoposide (VP-16), carboplastin, and BCNU than U87MG cells. Double immunofluoresence staining showed co-expression of MDR1 and CD133 on U87CS cells transplanted into nude mice brains. In addition, we identified the crossreactivity of CD133 and MDR1 in a surgical specimen of GBM. Our results suggest that CS cells may be resistant to current chemotherapy and represent a novel target for GBM therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Nakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The immensity of genes and molecules implicated in gastric carcinogenesis is overwhelming and the relevant importance of some of these molecules is too often unclear. This review serves to bring us up-to-date with the latest findings as well as to look at the larger picture in terms of how to tackle the problem of solving this multi-piece puzzle. In this review, the environmental nurturing of intestinal cancer is discussed, beginning with epidemiology (known causative factors for inducing molecular change), an update of H. pylori research, including the role of inflammation and stem cells in premalignant lesions. The role of E-cadherin in the nature (genotype) of diffuse gastric cancer is highlighted, and finally the ever growing discipline of SNP analysis (including IL1B) is discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The immensity of genes and molecules implicated in gastric carcinogenesis is overwhelming and the relevant importance of some of these molecules is too often unclear. This review serves to bring us up-to-date with the latest findings as well as to look at the larger picture in terms of how to tackle the problem of solving this multi-piece puzzle. In this review, the environmental nurturing of intestinal cancer is discussed, beginning with epidemiology (known causative factors for inducing molecular change), an update of H. pylori research, including the role of inflammation and stem cells in premalignant lesions. The role of E-cadherin in the nature (genotype) of diffuse gastric cancer is highlighted, and finally the ever growing discipline of SNP analysis (including IL1B) is discussed.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yeretssian G, Labbé K, Saleh M. Molecular regulation of inflammation and cell death. Cytokine 2008; 43:380-90. [PMID: 18703350 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell death and innate immunity are ancient evolutionary conserved processes that utilize a dazzling number of related molecular effectors and parallel signal transduction mechanisms. The investigation of the molecular mechanisms linking the sensing of a danger signal (pathogens or tissue damage) to the induction of an inflammatory response has witnessed a renaissance in the last few years. This was initiated by the identification of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and more recently cytosolic Nod-like receptors (NLRs), that brought innate immunity to center stage and opened the field to the study of signal transduction pathways, adaptors and central effectors linked to PRRs. This led to the characterization of the inflammasome, a macromolecular complex, scaffolded by NLRs, that recruits and activates inflammatory caspases, which are essential effectors in inflammation and cell death responses. In this review, we describe the molecular pathways of cell death and innate immunity with a focus on recent advancements in both fields and an emphasis on the striking analogies between NLR innate immunity and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garabet Yeretssian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, and Centre for the Study of Host Resistance, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Berneburg M, Kamenisch Y, Krutmann J, Röcken M. 'To repair or not to repair - no longer a question': repair of mitochondrial DNA shielding against age and cancer. Exp Dermatol 2007; 15:1005-15. [PMID: 17083367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00508.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in energy production and apoptosis is well known. The role of mitochondria and particularly the role of the mitochondria's own genome, mitochondrial (mt) DNA, in the process of ageing were postulated decades ago. However, this was discussed, debated and more or less disposed of. Recent data from elegant mouse models now confirm that mutations of mtDNA do indeed play a central and pivotal role in the ageing process. Newer reports also indicate a possible role of mtDNA mutations in the carcinogenesis of several organs. But is damaged mtDNA repaired, or is it simply degraded and discarded? This question appears to be answered now. According to recent data, mitochondria possess functional repair mechanisms such as base excision repair, double-strand break repair and mismatch repair, yet nucleotide excision repair has so far not been detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Berneburg
- Molecular Oncology and Aging, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu G, Yuan X, Zeng Z, Tunici P, Ng H, Abdulkadir IR, Lu L, Irvin D, Black KL, Yu JS. Analysis of gene expression and chemoresistance of CD133+ cancer stem cells in glioblastoma. Mol Cancer 2006; 5:67. [PMID: 17140455 PMCID: PMC1697823 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-5-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1334] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a small population of cancer stem cells in adult and pediatric brain tumors has been identified. Some evidence has suggested that CD133 is a marker for a subset of leukemia and glioblastoma cancer stem cells. Especially, CD133 positive cells isolated from human glioblastoma may initiate tumors and represent novel targets for therapeutics. The gene expression and the drug resistance property of CD133 positive cancer stem cells, however, are still unknown. RESULTS In this study, by FACS analysis we determined the percentage of CD133 positive cells in three primary cultured cell lines established from glioblastoma patients 10.2%, 69.7% and 27.5%, respectively. We also determined the average mRNA levels of markers associated with neural precursors. For example, CD90, CD44, CXCR4, Nestin, Msi1 and MELK mRNA on CD133 positive cells increased to 15.6, 5.7, 337.8, 21.4, 84 and 1351 times, respectively, compared to autologous CD133 negative cells derived from cell line No. 66. Additionally, CD133 positive cells express higher levels of BCRP1 and MGMT mRNA, as well as higher mRNA levels of genes that inhibit apoptosis. Furthermore, CD133 positive cells were significantly resistant to chemotherapeutic agents including temozolomide, carboplatin, paclitaxel (Taxol) and etoposide (VP16) compared to autologous CD133 negative cells. Finally, CD133 expression was significantly higher in recurrent GBM tissue obtained from five patients as compared to their respective newly diagnosed tumors. CONCLUSION Our study for the first time provided evidence that CD133 positive cancer stem cells display strong capability on tumor's resistance to chemotherapy. This resistance is probably contributed by the CD133 positive cell with higher expression of on BCRP1 and MGMT, as well as the anti-apoptosis protein and inhibitors of apoptosis protein families. Future treatment should target this small population of CD133 positive cancer stem cells in tumors to improve the survival of brain tumor patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gentao Liu
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Xiangpeng Yuan
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Zhaohui Zeng
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Patrizia Tunici
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Hiushan Ng
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Iman R Abdulkadir
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, P.R. China
| | - Dwain Irvin
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Keith L Black
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - John S Yu
- Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- 8631 West Third Street, Suite 800E, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is the strongest known risk factor for development of gastric adenocarcinoma, only a small proportion of infected individuals will ever develop tumours. This article discusses various bacterial, host and environmental factors which may influence an individual's susceptibility. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research on bacterial virulence factors has focussed upon the cag pathogenicity island, particularly its roles in regulating epithelial growth and adhesion. Studies of host genetic factors have included several analyses of polymorphisms in inflammatory cytokines in human cohorts. Animal studies have recently clarified the roles of dysregulated epithelial apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation pathways during gastric carcinogenesis, and novel experiments involving H. felis infection of bone marrow transplanted irradiated mice have suggested that gastric cancer may originate from bone marrow-derived stem cells. Important roles for signalling between epithelial and mesenchymal cells, particularly myofibroblasts, are also emerging. Recent research on the importance of environmental factors has demonstrated how helminth coinfection may protect against atrophic gastritis and T helper type 1 responses. SUMMARY Complex interactions between several bacterial, host genetic and environmental factors determine whether H. pylori infected individuals develop gastric carcinoma. The importance of bone marrow stem cell engraftment during human gastric neoplasia is an area requiring urgent investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mark Pritchard
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Solnick JV, Franceschi F, Roccarina D, Gasbarrini A. Extragastric manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection--other Helicobacter species. Helicobacter 2006; 11 Suppl 1:46-51. [PMID: 16925612 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-405x.2006.00430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated a strong link between Helicobacter pylori and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and iron deficiency anemia. Interesting results have also been obtained for ischemic heart disease, though most putative associations between H. pylori infection and extragastric disease remain speculative. With regard to other Helicobacter species, Helicobacter felis has been shown to play a role in gastric carcinogenesis in mouse models. An increased susceptibility to cholesterol gallstone formation has been described in animals fed a lithogenic diet and infected with Helicobacter bilis, or co-infected with Helicobacter hepaticus and Helicobacter rodentium. Finally, enterohepatic Helicobacter species have also been exploited to better understand inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay V Solnick
- Medicine and Medical Microbiology, Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Berneburg M, Kamenisch Y, Krutmann J. Repair of mitochondrial DNA in aging and carcinogenesis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2005; 5:190-8. [PMID: 16465305 DOI: 10.1039/b507380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for the generation of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. These organelles contain their own genetic material, mitochondrial (mt) DNA. This mtDNA has been hypothesized to play a role in the processes of aging and carcinogenesis. Initial reports have shown that there is no repair of cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers (CPD). More recent reports indicate however, that the mitochondrion contains several defence mechanisms against endogenous or exogenous damaging agents such as ultraviolet radiation or oxidative damage. The role of these defence mechanisms in the removal of mitochondrial DNA damage and the link to aging and carcinogenesis-associated processes are discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Berneburg
- Molecular Oncology and Aging, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstrasse 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|