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Calaf GM, Crispin LA, Quisbert-Valenzuela EO. Noscapine and Apoptosis in Breast and Other Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3536. [PMID: 38542508 PMCID: PMC10970989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading contributor to the age-standardized mortality rate, for both sexes and all ages worldwide. In Europe and the United States, it is the second leading cause of mortality, with an incidence rate of about 2.6 million cases per year. Noscapine, a well-known alkaloid used as a cough suppressant, demonstrated anti-tumor effects by triggering apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and has the potential to become another ally against breast, ovarian, colon, and gastric cancer, among other types of malignancy. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in the treatment of cancer. Noscapine affected BAX, CASP8, CASP9, NFKBIA, and RELA gene and protein expression in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Gene expression was higher in tumor than in normal tissue, including the BAX expression levels in lung, ovary, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; BCL2L1 expression in endometrium, colon, and stomach patients; CASP8 gene expression levels in lung, endometrium, colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; RELA in colon, stomach, and glioblastoma patients; and NFKBIA in glioblastoma patients. It can be concluded that noscapine affected genes and proteins related to apoptosis in cancer cell lines and several types of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M. Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.A.C.)
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2
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Vikram ENT, Ilavarasan R, Kamaraj R. Anti-cancer activities of Schedule E1 drugs used in ayurvedic formulations. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100545. [PMID: 35661925 PMCID: PMC9163510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Schedule E1 is an important part of Drugs and Cosmetics Act (Government of India) that comprises the list of poisonous drugs from plant, animal and mineral origins to be consumed under medical supervision. Ayurveda, the world's oldest medicinal system has a list of drugs represented in schedule E1 that are used since thousands of years. This review reports the anti-cancer activities of fifteen toxic ayurvedic drugs from plant origin represented in Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940. The information was collected from the various authentic sources, compiled and summarised. The plant extracts, formulations, phytoconstituents and other preparations of these drugs have shown effective activities against mammary carcinoma, neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, lymphocytic leukaemia, colorectal adenocarcinoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma asterocytoma and other malignancies. They have various mechanisms of action including Bax upregulation, Bcl2 downregulation, induction of cell cycle arrest at S phase, G2/M phase, inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factors, inhibition of Akt/mTOR signalling etc. Certain traditional ayurvedic preparations containing these plants are reported beneficial and the possibilities of these drugs as the alternative and adjuvant therapeutic agents in the current cancer care have been discussed. The studies suggest that these drugs could be utilised in future for the critical care of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N T Vikram
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram (Dt.), Tamilnadu 603203, India
| | - R Ilavarasan
- Captain Srinivasa Murthy Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600106, India
| | - R Kamaraj
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram (Dt.), Tamilnadu 603203, India.
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3
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Dash SG, Kantevari S, Guru SK, Naik PK. Combination of docetaxel and newly synthesized 9-Br-trimethoxybenzyl-noscapine improve tubulin binding and enhances antitumor activity in breast cancer cells. Comput Biol Med 2021; 139:104996. [PMID: 34753081 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To strategically design and frame the novel 9-Br-Trimethoxybenzyl noscapine (BTN) with rigorous binding affinity with tubulin, the structure of noscapine (an antitussive plant alkaloid) was amended with a 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl group linked at the seventh position on the lower isobenzofuran unit. Molecular modelling and cellular studies were used to assess the single and combined effects of BTN and docetaxel (DOX). Based on MM-GBSA, the individual calculated free energies of binding (ΔGbind, pred) for BTN and DOX with tubulin was found to be -25.69 and -38.17 kcal/mol, respectively, and -29.11 and -36.60 kcal/mol based on MM-PBSA. Furthermore, the ΔGbind,pred of BTN was dramatically reduced (-30.02 and -33.54 kcal/mol using MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA) in presence of DOX on its binding pocket. Parenthetically, the ΔGbind,pred of DOX was substantially decreased (-39.17 and -35.80 kcal/mol using MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA) in the presence of BTN on its binding pocket. The synergistic activity of both compounds on tubulin dimmer was also analysed using purified tubulin, where a combined regimen of BTN and DOX attenuated tubulin intensity to a higher value (50%) particularly in comparison to the single regimen. In comparison to the single regimen, the combination of BTN and DOX effectively prevents cell cycle progression during the G2/M phase and induces breast cancer cell death. Female athymic nude mice were xenografted with MCF-7 cells and the efficacy of (150 mg/kg/day), DOX (1.5 mg/kg/week, i.v.), or in combination (BTN 300 mg/kg/day + DOX 1.0 mg/kg/week, i.v) were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gamya Dash
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, 768 019, Odisha, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Sciences (Pharmacology & Toxicology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 037, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Naik
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, 768 019, Odisha, India.
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Hasanpour Z, Salehi P, Bararjanian M, Esmaeili MA, Alilou M, Mohebbi M. Semi-Synthesis of New 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives of 9-Bromonoscapine and their Anticancer Activities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:546-560. [PMID: 34567181 PMCID: PMC8457714 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113213.14170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel 1,2,3-triazole-tethered 9-bromonoscapine derivatives were synthesized by the propargylation of N-nornoscapine followed by Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the terminal alkynes with different azides. Cytotoxicity of the products was studied by MTT assay against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Most of the compounds revealed a better cytotoxicity than N-nornoscapine and 9-bromonornoscapine as the parent compounds. Among the synthesized compounds, those with a hydroxylated aliphatic side chain (5p, 5q, and 5r) showed the highest activities (IC50s: 47.2, 37.9, and 32.3 μg/mL, respectively). Molecular docking studies showed that these compounds also had the highest docking scores and effective interactions with binding sites equal to -8.074, -7.425 and -7.820 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hasanpour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bararjanian
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Esmaeili
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry and Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mostafa Alilou
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maryam Mohebbi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Meher RK, Pragyandipta P, Pedapati RK, Nagireddy PKR, Kantevari S, Nayek AK, Naik PK. Rational design of novel N-alkyl amine analogues of noscapine, their chemical synthesis and cellular activity as potent anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:445-465. [PMID: 34051055 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The scaffold structure of noscapine (an antitussive plant alkaloid) was modified by inducting N-aryl methyl pharmacophore at C-9 position of the isoquinoline ring to rationally design and screened three novel 9-(N-arylmethylamino) noscapinoids, 15-17 with robust binding affinity with tubulin. The selected 9-(N-arylmethylamino) noscapinoids revealed improved predicted binding energy of -6.694 kcal/mol for 15, -7.118 kcal/mol for 16 and -7.732 kcal/mol for 17, respectively in comparison to the lead molecule (-5.135 kcal/mol). These novel derivatives were chemically synthesized and validated their anticancer activity based on cellular studies using two human breast adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, as well as with a panel of primary breast tumor cells. These derivatives inhibited cellular proliferation in all the cancer cells that ranged between 3.2 and 32.2 μM, which is 11.9 to 1.8 fold lower than that of noscapine. These novel derivatives effectively arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase followed by apoptosis and appearance of apoptotic cells. Thus, we conclude that 9-(N-arylmethyl amino) noscapinoids, 15-17 have a high probability to be a novel therapeutic agent for breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Meher
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Pratyush Pragyandipta
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Ravi K Pedapati
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Praveen K R Nagireddy
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arnab K Nayek
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
| | - Pradeep K Naik
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, India
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Nambiar N, Nagireddy PKR, Pedapati R, Kantevari S, Lopus M. Tubulin- and ROS-dependent antiproliferative mechanism of a potent analogue of noscapine, N-propargyl noscapine. Life Sci 2020; 258:118238. [PMID: 32791146 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To rationally-design, synthesize, characterize, biologically evaluate, and to elucidate the anticancer mechanism of action of a novel analogue of noscapine, N-propargyl noscapine (NPN), as a potential drug candidate against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). MATERIALS AND METHODS After the synthesis and IR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectral characterization of NPN, its antiproliferative efficacy against different cancer cell lines was investigated using Sulforhodamine B assay. Cell cycle progression was analysed using flow cytometry. The drug-tubulin interactions were studied using tryptophan-quenching assay, ANS-binding assay, and colchicine-binding assay. Immunofluorescence imaging was used to examine the effect of NPN on cellular microtubules. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and cell death were studied by staining the cells with DCFDA, Rhodamine 123, and acridine orange/ethidium bromide, respectively. KEY FINDINGS NPN strongly inhibited the viability (IC50, 1.35 ± 0.2 μM) and clonogenicity (IC50, 0.56 ± 0.06 μM) of the TNBC cell line, MDA-MB-231, with robust G2/M arrest. In vitro, the drug bound to tubulin and disrupted the latter's structural integrity and promoted colchicine binding to tubulin. NPN triggered an unusual form of microtubule disruption in cells, repressed recovery of cold-depolymerized cellular microtubules and suppressed their dynamicity. These effects on microtubules were facilitated by elevated levels of ROS and loss of MMP. SIGNIFICANCE NPN can be explored further as a chemotherapeutic agent against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Nambiar
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Reddy Nagireddy
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division (Organic Chemistry Division-II), CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Ravikumar Pedapati
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division (Organic Chemistry Division-II), CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division (Organic Chemistry Division-II), CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Manu Lopus
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Mumbai 400098, India.
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NMK-BH2, a novel microtubule-depolymerising bis (indolyl)-hydrazide-hydrazone, induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death in cervical cancer cells by binding to tubulin at colchicine - site. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118762. [PMID: 32502617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubules, the key components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton and mitotic spindle, are one of the most sought-after targets for cancer chemotherapy, especially due to their indispensible role in mitosis. Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy among women of developing countries including India. In spite of the remarkable therapeutic advancement, the non-specificity of chemotherapeutic drugs adversely affect the patients' survival and well-being, thus, necessitating the quest for novel indole-based anti-microtubule agent against cervical cancer, with high degree of potency and selectivity. METHODS For in vitro studies, we used MTT assay, confocal microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Study in cell free system was accomplished by spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and TEM and computational analysis was done by AutodockTools 1.5.6. RESULTS NMK-BH2 exhibited significant and selective anti-proliferative activity against cervical cancer HeLa cells (IC50 = 1.5 μM) over normal cells. It perturbed the cytoskeletal and spindle microtubules of HeLa cells leading to mitotic block and cell death by apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, NMK-BH2 targeted the tubulin-microtubule system through fast and strong binding to the αβ-tubulin heterodimers at colchicine-site. CONCLUSION This study identifies and characterises NMK-BH2 as a novel anti-microtubule agent and provides insights into its key anti-cancer mechanism through two different cell death pathways: apoptosis and autophagy, which are mutually independent. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE It navigates the potential of the novel bis (indolyl)-hydrazide-hydrazone, NMK-BH2, to serve as lead for development of new generation microtubule-disrupting chemotherapeutic with improved efficacy and remarkable selectivity towards better cure of cervical cancer.
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Kumar Reddy Nagireddy P, Krishna Kommalapati V, Siva Krishna V, Sriram D, Devi Tangutur A, Kantevari S. Anticancer Potential of
N
‐Sulfonyl Noscapinoids: Synthesis and Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vagolu Siva Krishna
- Medicinal Chemistry and Antimycobacterial Research LaboratoryPharmacy GroupBirla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani Hyderabad Campus Hyderabad 500078 India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Medicinal Chemistry and Antimycobacterial Research LaboratoryPharmacy GroupBirla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani Hyderabad Campus Hyderabad 500078 India
| | - Anjana Devi Tangutur
- Department of Applied BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
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9
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Nagireddy PKR, Sridhar B, Kantevari S. Copper‐Catalyzed Glaser‐Hey‐Type Cross Coupling of 9‐Ethynyl‐α‐Noscapine Leading to Unsymmetrical 1,3‐Diynyl Noscapinoids. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K. R. Nagireddy
- Fluoro& Agrochemicals DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Laboratory of X-ray CrystallographyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro& Agrochemicals DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad 500007 India
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10
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Reddy Nagireddy PK, Kommalapati VK, Manchukonda NK, Sridhar B, Tangutur AD, Kantevari S. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of 9‐Formyl and 9‐Ethynyl Noscapines. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naresh K. Manchukonda
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- X-Ray crystallographyDepartment of Analytical ChemistryCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Anjana Devi Tangutur
- Department of Applied BiologyCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals DivisionCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchCSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad- 500007 India
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Mishra KB, Tiwari N, Bose P, Singh R, Rawat AK, Singh SK, Mishra RC, Singh RK, Tiwari VK. Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Noscapine Glycoconjugates. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunj B Mishra
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Neeraj Tiwari
- Department of BiochemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Rajan Singh
- Department of BiochemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Arun K Rawat
- Department of BiochemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Sumit K. Singh
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Ram C. Mishra
- College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia, Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of BiochemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
| | - Vinod K. Tiwari
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.–221005 INDIA
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Maurya N, Maurya JK, Singh UK, Dohare R, Zafaryab M, Moshahid Alam Rizvi M, Kumari M, Patel R. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Interaction of Noscapine with Human Serum Albumin: Effect on Structure and Esterase Activity of HSA. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:952-966. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Maurya
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Maurya
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Upendra Kumar Singh
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Nonlinear Dynamic Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md Zafaryab
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Meena Kumari
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, IIT Delhi, Hauzkhas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rajan Patel
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
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Meher RK, Naik MR, Bastia B, Naik PK. Comparative evaluation of anti-angiogenic effects of noscapine derivatives. Bioinformation 2018; 14:236-240. [PMID: 30108421 PMCID: PMC6077819 DOI: 10.6026/97320630014236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, is essential for tumor progression. Synthetic derivatives of anti-cancer compound, noscapine (an opium alkaloid) such as Cl-noscapine, Br-noscapine and Folate-noscapine along with two of the reference compounds, TNP-470 and paclitaxel were examined for anti-angiogenic activities by using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The noscapine derivatives showed anti-angiogenic activity albeit at high concentration compared to the reference compounds. All the tested compounds inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner; the drug concentration causing 50% inhibition of cell survival was 11.87 μM for Cl-noscapine, 6.9 μM for Br-noscapine and 6.79 μM for folate-noscapine. Besides, all the noscapine derivatives significantly inhibited cord formation (IC50 for Cl-noscapine is 50.76 μM, for Br-noscapine is 90.08 μM and for folate-noscapine is 18.44 μM) as well as migration and invasion (IC50 value of Cl-noscapine is 28.01 μM, for Br-noscapine is 19.78 μM and for folate-noscapine is 10.76 μM) of endothelial cells. Based on these results, we speculated that the inhibitory effects on human endothelial cell proliferation of noscapine derivatives might be important for anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Meher
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar - 768 019, Sambalpur, Odisha
| | - Manas Ranjan Naik
- Department of Pharmacology, VSS Institute of Medical Science & Research, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha
| | - Banajit Bastia
- Environmental Toxicology & Electron Microscope Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Pradeep K. Naik
- Department of Pharmacology, VSS Institute of Medical Science & Research, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha
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14
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Knutsen HK, Alexander J, Barregård L, Bignami M, Brüschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, Cottrill B, Dinovi M, Edler L, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom LR, Nebbia CS, Oswald IP, Petersen A, Rose M, Roudot AC, Schwerdtle T, Vollmer G, Wallace H, Benford D, Calò G, Dahan A, Dusemund B, Mulder P, Németh-Zámboriné É, Arcella D, Baert K, Cascio C, Levorato S, Schutte M, Vleminckx C. Update of the Scientific Opinion on opium alkaloids in poppy seeds. EFSA J 2018; 16:e05243. [PMID: 32625895 PMCID: PMC7009406 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poppy seeds are obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). They are used as food and to produce edible oil. The opium poppy plant contains narcotic alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. Poppy seeds do not contain the opium alkaloids, but can become contaminated with alkaloids as a result of pest damage and during harvesting. The European Commission asked EFSA to provide an update of the Scientific Opinion on opium alkaloids in poppy seeds. The assessment is based on data on morphine, codeine, thebaine, oripavine, noscapine and papaverine in poppy seed samples. The CONTAM Panel confirms the acute reference dose (ARfD) of 10 μg morphine/kg body weight (bw) and concluded that the concentration of codeine in the poppy seed samples should be taken into account by converting codeine to morphine equivalents, using a factor of 0.2. The ARfD is therefore a group ARfD for morphine and codeine, expressed in morphine equivalents. Mean and high levels of dietary exposure to morphine equivalents from poppy seeds considered to have high levels of opium alkaloids (i.e. poppy seeds from varieties primarily grown for pharmaceutical use) exceed the ARfD in most age groups. For poppy seeds considered to have relatively low concentrations of opium alkaloids (i.e. primarily varieties for food use), some exceedance of the ARfD is also seen at high levels of dietary exposure in most surveys. For noscapine and papaverine, the available data do not allow making a hazard characterisation. However, comparison of the dietary exposure to the recommended therapeutical doses does not suggest a health concern for these alkaloids. For thebaine and oripavine, no risk characterisation was done due to insufficient data. However, for thebaine, limited evidence indicates a higher acute lethality than for morphine and the estimated exposure could present a health risk.
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15
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Aqueous extract of Triphala inhibits cancer cell proliferation through perturbation of microtubule assembly dynamics. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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16
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Mahaddalkar T, Manchukonda N, Choudhary S, Cheriyamundath S, Mohanpuria N, Kantevari S, Lopus M. Subtle Alterations in Microtubule Assembly Dynamics by Br-TMB-Noscapine Strongly Suppress Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Viability Without Mitotic Arrest. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tejashree Mahaddalkar
- Experimental Cancer Therapeutics and Chemical Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences; University of Mumbai Kalina Campus; Mumbai- 400098 India
| | - Naresh Manchukonda
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC Division); CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - Sinjan Choudhary
- Experimental Cancer Therapeutics and Chemical Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences; University of Mumbai Kalina Campus; Mumbai- 400098 India
| | - Sanith Cheriyamundath
- Experimental Cancer Therapeutics and Chemical Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences; University of Mumbai Kalina Campus; Mumbai- 400098 India
| | - Neha Mohanpuria
- Experimental Cancer Therapeutics and Chemical Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences; University of Mumbai Kalina Campus; Mumbai- 400098 India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Organic Chemistry Division-II (CPC Division); CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - Manu Lopus
- Experimental Cancer Therapeutics and Chemical Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences; University of Mumbai Kalina Campus; Mumbai- 400098 India
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17
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Afzali M, Ghaeli P, Khanavi M, Parsa M, Montazeri H, Ghahremani MH, Ostad SN. Non-addictive opium alkaloids selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells compared to normal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:16. [PMID: 25890335 PMCID: PMC4341877 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-015-0101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxic effects of some of the members of papaveraceae family have been reported in Iranian folk medicine. Recent reports has indicated that alkaloids fraction of opium may be responsible for its cytotoxic effect; however, the mechanism of this effect is not fully understood. This study has been designed to investigate the selective cytotoxic, genotoxic and also apoptosis induction effects of noscapine, papaverine and narceine, three non-addictable opium alkaloids, on HT29, T47D and HT1080 cancer cell lines. Mouse NIH3T3 cell line was chosen to present non-cancerous cells and Doxorubicin was selected as the positive control. METHODS Cells were treated by different concentrations of Noscapine, Papaverine, Narceine and doxorubicin; viability was assessed by MTT assay. The genotoxicity and apoptosis induction were tested with comet assay and Annexin-V affinity when the concentration of each these drugs is less than its IC50. In addition, the DNA damage and caspase activity of the T47D cells were examined and the results were compared. RESULTS This study noted the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of noscapine and papaverine, specifically on cancerous cell lines. Furthermore, papaverine induces apoptosis in all studied cancer cell lines and noscapine showed this effect in T47D and HT29 cells but not in NIH-3 T3 cells as noncancerous cell line. narceine also showed genototoxicity in the studied cell lines at its IC50 concentration. CONCLUSIONS This experiment suggests that noscapine and papaverine may be of use in cancer treatment due to their specific cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. However, further in vivo studies are needed to confirm its usefulness in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Afzali
- Department Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology & Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Padideh Ghaeli
- Department Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy & Rational Drug Use Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Parsa
- Department Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology & Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- Department Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology & Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology & Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicology & Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14155/6451, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Mishra KB, Mishra RC, Tiwari VK. First noscapine glycoconjugates inspired by click chemistry. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07321a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first click chemistry-inspired noscapine glycoconjugates have been developed in good to excellent yields to increase the therapeutic efficacy of noscapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunj B. Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre of Advanced Study
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
| | | | - Vinod K. Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre of Advanced Study
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
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19
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Choi BH, Chattopadhaya S, Thanh LN, Feng L, Nguyen QT, Lim CB, Harikishore A, Nanga RPR, Bharatham N, Zhao Y, Liu X, Yoon HS. Suprafenacine, an indazole-hydrazide agent, targets cancer cells through microtubule destabilization. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110955. [PMID: 25354194 PMCID: PMC4212991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are a highly validated target in cancer therapy. However, the clinical development of tubulin binding agents (TBA) has been hampered by toxicity and chemoresistance issues and has necessitated the search for new TBAs. Here, we report the identification of a novel cell permeable, tubulin-destabilizing molecule - 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid [1p-tolyl-meth-(E)-ylidene]-hydrazide (termed as Suprafenacine, SRF). SRF, identified by in silico screening of annotated chemical libraries, was shown to bind microtubules at the colchicine-binding site and inhibit polymerization. This led to G2/M cell cycle arrest and cell death via a mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Cell death was preceded by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, JNK - mediated phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and Bad, and activation of caspase-3. Intriguingly, SRF was found to selectively inhibit cancer cell proliferation and was effective against drug-resistant cancer cells by virtue of its ability to bypass the multidrug resistance transporter P-glycoprotein. Taken together, our results suggest that SRF has potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment and provides an alternate scaffold for the development of improved anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hwa Choi
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Souvik Chattopadhaya
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Le Nguyen Thanh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin Feng
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quoc Toan Nguyen
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuan Bian Lim
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amaravadhi Harikishore
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nagakumar Bharatham
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhao
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xuewei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ho Sup Yoon
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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20
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Shalaby KS, Soliman ME, Casettari L, Bonacucina G, Cespi M, Palmieri GF, Sammour OA, El Shamy AA. Determination of factors controlling the particle size and entrapment efficiency of noscapine in PEG/PLA nanoparticles using artificial neural networks. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:4953-64. [PMID: 25364252 PMCID: PMC4211908 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s68737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, di- and triblock copolymers based on polyethylene glycol and polylactide were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. Nanoparticles containing noscapine were prepared from these biodegradable and biocompatible copolymers using the nanoprecipitation method. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized for size and drug entrapment efficiency, and their morphology and size were checked by transmission electron microscopy imaging. Artificial neural networks were constructed and tested for their ability to predict particle size and entrapment efficiency of noscapine within the formed nanoparticles using different factors utilized in the preparation step, namely polymer molecular weight, ratio of polymer to drug, and number of blocks that make up the polymer. Using these networks, it was found that the polymer molecular weight has the greatest effect on particle size. On the other hand, polymer to drug ratio was found to be the most influential factor on drug entrapment efficiency. This study demonstrated the ability of artificial neural networks to predict not only the particle size of the formed nanoparticles but also the drug entrapment efficiency. This may have a great impact on the design of polyethylene glycol and polylactide-based copolymers, and can be used to customize the required target formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim S Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Omaima A Sammour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelhameed A El Shamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Chinen T, Kazami S, Nagumo Y, Hayakawa I, Ikedo A, Takagi M, Yokosuka A, Imamoto N, Mimaki Y, Kigoshi H, Osada H, Usui T. Glaziovianin A prevents endosome maturation via inhibiting microtubule dynamics. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:884-9. [PMID: 23406355 DOI: 10.1021/cb300641h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glaziovianin A, an isoflavone isolated from the leaves of Ateleia glazioviana, inhibits the cell cycle progression in M-phase with an abnormal spindle structure, but its inhibitory mechanism has not been revealed. Here, we report that glaziovianin A and its derivatives are microtubule dynamics inhibitors. Glaziovianin A extended the time lag of tubulin polymerization without changing the net amount of polymerized tubulin in vitro and suppressed microtubule dynamics in cells. Furthermore, glaziovianin A inhibited the transport of endosomes containing EGF-stimulated EGFR and prolonged the EGFR activation. Consistent with the prolonged activation of EGFR, glaziovianin A enhanced the EGF-dependent apoptosis in A431 cells. These results strongly suggested that microtubule dynamics is important for endosome transport and maturation, and that glaziovianin A shows cytotoxicity by two pathways, the mitotic arrest and inadequate activation of receptor kinases via the inhibition of endosome maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Chinen
- Faculty of Life and
Environmental
Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai,
Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kazami
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,
Japan
| | - Yoko Nagumo
- Faculty of Life and
Environmental
Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai,
Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Ikedo
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,
Japan
| | - Akihito Yokosuka
- Department of Medicinal
Pharmacognosy,
School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392,
Japan
| | - Naoko Imamoto
- Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,
Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Mimaki
- Department of Medicinal
Pharmacognosy,
School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392,
Japan
| | - Hideo Kigoshi
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,
Japan
| | - Takeo Usui
- Faculty of Life and
Environmental
Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai,
Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198,
Japan
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22
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Karna P, Rida PC, Turaga RC, Gao J, Gupta M, Fritz A, Werner E, Yates C, Zhou J, Aneja R. A novel microtubule-modulating agent EM011 inhibits angiogenesis by repressing the HIF-1α axis and disrupting cell polarity and migration. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1769-81. [PMID: 22678119 PMCID: PMC3514903 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial tubular morphogenesis relies on an exquisite interplay of microtubule dynamics and actin remodeling to propel directed cell migration. Recently, the dynamicity and integrity of microtubules have been implicated in the trafficking and efficient translation of the mRNA for HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor), the master regulator of tumor angiogenesis. Thus, microtubule-disrupting agents that perturb the HIF-1α axis and neovascularization cascade are attractive anticancer drug candidates. Here we show that EM011 (9-bromonoscapine), a microtubule-modulating agent, inhibits a spectrum of angiogenic events by interfering with endothelial cell invasion, migration and proliferation. Employing green-fluorescent transgenic zebrafish, we found that EM011 not only inhibited vasculogenesis but also disrupted preexisting vasculature. Mechanistically, EM011 caused proteasome-dependent, VHL-independent HIF-1α degradation and repressed expression of HIF-1α downstream targets, namely VEGF and survivin. Furthermore, EM011 inhibited membrane ruffling and impeded formation of filopodia, lamellipodia and stress fibers, which are critical for cell migration. These events were associated with a drug-mediated decrease in activation of Rho GTPases- RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1, and correlated with a loss in the geometric precision of centrosome reorientation in the direction of movement. This is the first report to describe a previously unrecognized, antiangiogenic property of a noscapinoid, EM011, and provides evidence for novel anticancer strategies recruited by microtubule-modulating drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanthi Karna
- Department of Biology,
Georgia State University,
Atlanta, GA 30303, USA,
| | | | - Ravi Chakra Turaga
- Department of Biology,
Georgia State University,
Atlanta, GA 30303, USA,
| | - Jinmin Gao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University,
Tianjin 300071, China,
| | | | | | - Erica Werner
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine,
Atlanta, GA 30322, USA and
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research,
Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University,
Tianjin 300071, China,
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology,
Georgia State University,
Atlanta, GA 30303, USA,
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23
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Induction of robust de novo centrosome amplification, high-grade spindle multipolarity and metaphase catastrophe: a novel chemotherapeutic approach. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e346. [PMID: 22785532 PMCID: PMC3406581 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome amplification (CA) and resultant chromosomal instability have long been associated with tumorigenesis. However, exacerbation of CA and relentless centrosome declustering engender robust spindle multipolarity (SM) during mitosis and may induce cell death. Recently, we demonstrated that a noscapinoid member, reduced bromonoscapine, (S)-3-(R)-9-bromo-5-(4,5-dimethoxy-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl)-4-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,3]dioxolo-[4,5-g]isoquinoline (Red-Br-nos), induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated autophagy and caspase-independent death in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Herein, we show that Red-Br-nos induces ROS-dependent DNA damage that resulted in high-grade CA and SM in PC-3 cells. Unlike doxorubicin, which causes double-stranded DNA breaks and chronic G2 arrest accompanied by ‘templated' CA, Red-Br-nos-mediated DNA damage elicits de novo CA during a transient S/G2 stall, followed by checkpoint abrogation and mitotic entry to form aberrant mitotic figures with supernumerary spindle poles. Attenuation of multipolar phenotype in the presence of tiron, a ROS inhibitor, indicated that ROS-mediated DNA damage was partly responsible for driving CA and SM. Although a few cells (∼5%) yielded to aberrant cytokinesis following an ‘anaphase catastrophe', most mitotically arrested cells (∼70%) succumbed to ‘metaphase catastrophe,' which was caspase-independent. This report is the first documentation of rapid de novo centrosome formation in the presence of parent centrosome by a noscapinoid family member, which triggers death-inducing SM via a unique mechanism that distinguishes it from other ROS-inducers, conventional DNA-damaging agents, as well as other microtubule-binding drugs.
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24
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Madan J, Baruah B, Nagaraju M, Abdalla MO, Yates C, Turner T, Rangari V, Hamelberg D, Aneja R. Molecular cycloencapsulation augments solubility and improves therapeutic index of brominated noscapine in prostate cancer cells. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1470-80. [PMID: 22540277 DOI: 10.1021/mp300063v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that a novel microtubule-modulating noscapinoid, EM011 (9-Br-Nos), displays potent anticancer activity by inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and preclinical mice models. However, physicochemical and cellular barriers encumber the development of viable formulations for future clinical translation. To circumvent these limitations, we have synthesized EM011-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes to improve solubility and enhance therapeutic index of EM011. Phase solubility analysis indicated that EM011 formed a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with β-CD and methyl-β-CD, with a stability constant (K(c)) of 2.42 × 10(-3) M and 4.85 × 10(-3) M, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested the penetrance of either a O-CH(2) or OCH(3)-C(6)H(4)-OCH(3) moiety of EM011 in the β-CD or methyl-β-CD cavity. In addition, multifarious techniques, namely, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and computational studies validated the cage complex of EM011 with β-CD and methyl-β-CD. Moreover, rotating frame overhauser enhancement spectroscopy showed that the H(a) proton of the OCH(3)-C(6)H(4)-OCH(3) moiety was in close proximity with H3 proton of the β-CD or methyl-β-CD cavity. Furthermore, we found that the solubility of EM011 in phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4) was enhanced by ~11 fold and ~21 fold upon complexation with β-CD and methyl-β-CD, respectively. The enhanced dissolution of the drug CD-complexes in aqueous phase remarkably decreased their IC(50) to 28.5 μM (9-Br-Nos-β-CD) and 12.5 μM (9-Br-Nos-methyl-β-CD) in PC-3 cells compared to free EM011 (~200 μM). This is the first report to demonstrate the novel construction of cylcodextrin-based nanosupramolecular vehicles for enhanced delivery of EM011 that warrants in vivo evaluation for the superior management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Madan
- Departments of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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25
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Yang ZR, Liu M, Peng XL, Lei XF, Zhang JX, Dong WG. Noscapine induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human colon cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:627-33. [PMID: 22546556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Noscapine, a phthalide isoquinoline alkaloid derived from opium, has been widely used as a cough suppressant for decades. Noscapine has recently been shown to potentiate the anti-cancer effects of several therapies by inducing apoptosis in various malignant cells without any detectable toxicity in cells or tissues. However, the mechanism by which noscapine induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells remains unclear. The signaling pathways by which noscapine induces apoptosis were investigated in colon cancer cell lines treated with various noscapine concentrations for 72 h, and a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability was observed. Noscapine effectively inhibited the proliferation of LoVo cells in vitro (IC(50)=75 μM). This cytotoxicity was reflected by cell cycle arrest at G(2)/M and subsequent apoptosis, as indicated by increased chromatin condensation and fragmentation, the upregulation of Bax and cytochrome c (Cyt-c), the downregulation of survivin and Bcl-2, and the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Moreover, in a xenograft tumor model in mice, noscapine injection clearly inhibited tumor growth via the induction of apoptosis, which was demonstrated using a TUNEL assay. These results suggest that noscapine induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via mitochondrial pathways. Noscapine may be a safe and effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Rong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, PR China
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26
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Bennani YL, Gu W, Canales A, Dı́az FJ, Eustace BK, Hoover RR, Jiménez-Barbero J, Nezami A, Wang T. Tubulin Binding, Protein-Bound Conformation in Solution, and Antimitotic Cellular Profiling of Noscapine and Its Derivatives. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1920-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200848t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef L. Bennani
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wenxin Gu
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Angeles Canales
- Departamento Química Orgánica
I, Facultad Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Dı́az
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid
| | - Brenda K. Eustace
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Russell R. Hoover
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jesus Jiménez-Barbero
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid
| | - Azin Nezami
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 130 Waverly
Street, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Mishra RC, Karna P, Gundala SR, Pannu V, Stanton RA, Gupta KK, Robinson MH, Lopus M, Wilson L, Henary M, Aneja R. Second generation benzofuranone ring substituted noscapine analogs: synthesis and biological evaluation. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:110-21. [PMID: 21501599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules, composed of α/β tubulin heterodimers, represent a validated target for cancer chemotherapy. Thus, tubulin- and microtubule-binding antimitotic drugs such as taxanes and vincas are widely employed for the chemotherapeutic management of various malignancies. Although quite successful in the clinic, these drugs are associated with severe toxicity and drug resistance problems. Noscapinoids represent an emerging class of microtubule-modulating anticancer agents based upon the parent molecule noscapine, a naturally occurring non-toxic cough-suppressant opium alkaloid. Here we report in silico molecular modeling, chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of novel analogs derived by modification at position-7 of the benzofuranone ring system of noscapine. The synthesized analogs were evaluated for their tubulin polymerization activity and their biological activity was examined by their antiproliferative potential using representative cancer cell lines from varying tissue-origin [A549 (lung), CEM (lymphoma), MIA PaCa-2 (pancreatic), MCF-7 (breast) and PC-3 (prostate)]. Cell-cycle studies were performed to explore their ability to halt the cell-cycle and induce subsequent apoptosis. The varying biological activity of these analogs that differ in the nature and bulk of substituent at position-7 was rationalized utilizing predictive in silico molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
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28
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Chougule MB, Patel AR, Jackson T, Singh M. Antitumor activity of Noscapine in combination with Doxorubicin in triple negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17733. [PMID: 21423660 PMCID: PMC3057970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of Noscapine alone and in combination with Doxorubicin against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods TNBC cells were pretreated with Noscapine or Doxorubicin or combination and combination index values were calculated using isobolographic method. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL staining. Female athymic Nu/nu mice were xenografted with MDA-MB-231 cells and the efficacy of Noscapine, Doxorubicin and combination was determined. Protein expression, immunohistochemical staining were evaluated in harvested tumor tissues. Results Noscapine inhibited growth of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells with the IC50 values of 36.16±3.76 and 42.7±4.3 µM respectively. The CI values (<0.59) were suggestive of strong synergistic interaction between Noscapine and Doxorubicin and combination treatment showed significant increase in apoptotic cells. Noscapine showed dose dependent reduction in the tumor volumes at a dose of 150–550 mg/kg/day compared to controls. Noscapine (300 mg/kg), Doxorubicin (1.5 mg/kg) and combination treatment reduced tumor volume by 39.4±5.8, 34.2±5.7 and 82.9±4.5 percent respectively and showed decreased expression of NF-KB pathway proteins, VEGF, cell survival, and increased expression of apoptotic and growth inhibitory proteins compared to single-agent treatment and control groups. Conclusions Noscapine potentiated the anticancer activity of Doxorubicin in a synergistic manner against TNBC tumors via inactivation of NF-KB and anti-angiogenic pathways while stimulating apoptosis. These findings suggest potential benefit for use of oral Noscapine and Doxorubicin combination therapy for treatment of more aggressive TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahavir B. Chougule
- College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Apurva R. Patel
- College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tanise Jackson
- College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Stanton RA, Gernert KM, Nettles JH, Aneja R. Drugs that target dynamic microtubules: a new molecular perspective. Med Res Rev 2011; 31:443-81. [PMID: 21381049 DOI: 10.1002/med.20242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules have long been considered an ideal target for anticancer drugs because of the essential role they play in mitosis, forming the dynamic spindle apparatus. As such, there is a wide variety of compounds currently in clinical use and in development that act as antimitotic agents by altering microtubule dynamics. Although these diverse molecules are known to affect microtubule dynamics upon binding to one of the three established drug domains (taxane, vinca alkaloid, or colchicine site), the exact mechanism by which each drug works is still an area of intense speculation and research. In this study, we review the effects of microtubule-binding chemotherapeutic agents from a new perspective, considering how their mode of binding induces conformational changes and alters biological function relative to the molecular vectors of microtubule assembly or disassembly. These "biological vectors" can thus be used as a spatiotemporal context to describe molecular mechanisms by which microtubule-targeting drugs work.
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Pannu V, Karna P, Sajja HK, Shukla D, Aneja R. Synergistic antimicrotubule therapy for prostate cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 81:478-87. [PMID: 21087597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer has been widely viewed as a chemoresistant neoplasm. Perhaps, the most prevalent antimicrotubule strategy involves docetaxel administration at its maximum-tolerated dose (MTD). Although the goal is to obtain total eradication of cancer cells, debilitating toxicities are presented by docetaxel therapy, including myelosuppression, immunosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity and peripheral neuropathy. In addition, solubility limitations necessitate infusion of high-doses intravenously once or twice a week followed by a rest period, which allows recovery of normal proliferating cells to counter-balance efficacy. An emerging notion is that more of a toxic drug at its MTD is not necessarily better. It is likely that combinatorial antimicrotubule therapy with drugs occupying different sites on tubulin may enhance efficacy while reducing toxicity. Here we show that bromonoscapine (EM011), a microtubule-modulating noscapine analog, displays synergism with docetaxel as seen by cell viability and proliferation assays. Cell-cycle data demonstrated that lower dose-levels of docetaxel (25nM) in combination with EM011 caused an additive increase in proapoptotic activity. Since docetaxel alone caused severe mitotic arrest followed by mitotic slippage and endoreduplication, we strategized a sequential treatment regime that involved initial pretreatment with docetaxel followed by addition of EM011 to maximize mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis. In vivo studies with docetaxel and EM011 in combination showed a marked inhibition of tumor growth compared to docetaxel or EM011 as single-agents. Our studies suggest the potential usefulness of EM011 in the clinic to enhance docetaxel activity. This would reduce toxicity, thus improving the quality of life of docetaxel-treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Pannu
- Department of Biology, P.O. Box 4010, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.
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31
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A novel microtubule-modulating noscapinoid triggers apoptosis by inducing spindle multipolarity via centrosome amplification and declustering. Cell Death Differ 2010; 18:632-44. [PMID: 21052096 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that a non-toxic noscapinoid, EM011 binds tubulin without altering its monomer/polymer ratio. EM011 is more active than the parent molecule, noscapine, in inducing G2/M arrest, inhibiting cellular proliferation and tumor growth in various human xenograft models. However, the mechanisms of mitotic-block and subsequent cell death have remained elusive. Here, we show that EM011-induced attenuation of microtubule dynamics was associated with impaired association of microtubule plus-end tracking proteins, such as EB1 and CLIP-170. EM011 treatment then led to the formation of multipolar spindles containing 'real' centrioles indicating drug-induced centrosome amplification and persistent centrosome declustering. Centrosome amplification was accompanied by an upregulation of Aurora A and Plk4 protein levels, as well as a surge in the kinase activity of Aurora A, suggesting a deregulation of the centrosome duplication cycle. Cell-cycle phase-specific experiments showed that the 'cytotoxicity-window' of the drug encompasses the late S-G2 period. Drug-treatment, excluding S-phase, not only resulted in lower sub-G1 population but also attenuated centrosome amplification and spindle multipolarity, suggesting that drug-induced centrosome amplification is essential for maximal cell death. Subsequent to a robust mitotic arrest, EM011-treated cells displayed diverse cellular fates suggesting a high degree of intraline variation. Some 'apoptosis-evasive' cells underwent aberrant cytokinesis to generate rampant aneuploidy that perhaps contributed to drug-induced cell death. These data indicate that spindle multipolarity induction by means of centrosome amplification has an exciting chemotherapeutic potential that merits further investigation.
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Antitumor Activity of IMC-038525, a Novel Oral Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor. Transl Oncol 2010; 3:318-25. [PMID: 20885894 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.10160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are a well-validated target for anticancer therapy. Molecules that bind tubulin affect dynamic instability of microtubules causing mitotic arrest of proliferating cells, leading to cell death and tumor growth inhibition. Natural antitubulin agents such as taxanes and Vinca alkaloids have been successful in the treatment of cancer; however, several limitations have encouraged the development of synthetic small molecule inhibitors of tubulin function. We have previously reported the discovery of two novel chemical series of tubulin polymerization inhibitors, triazoles (Ouyang et al. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,2,4-triazoles as a novel class of potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005; 15:5154-5159) and oxadiazole derivatives (Ouyang et al. Oxadiazole derivatives as a novel class of antimitotic agents: synthesis, inhibition of tubulin polymerization, and activity in tumor cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006; 16:1191-1196). Here, we report on the anticancer effects of a lead oxadiazole derivative in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, IMC-038525 caused mitotic arrest at nanomolar concentrations in epidermoid carcinoma and breast tumor cells, including multidrug-resistant cells. In vivo, IMC-038525 had a desirable pharmacokinetic profile with sustained plasma levels after oral dosing. IMC-038525 reduced subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth with significantly greater efficacy than the taxane paclitaxel. At efficacious doses, IMC-038525 did not cause substantial myelosuppression or peripheral neurotoxicity, as evaluated by neutrophil counts and changes in myelination of the sciatic nerve, respectively. These data indicate that IMC-038525 is a promising candidate for further development as a chemotherapeutic agent.
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Karna P, Zughaier S, Pannu V, Simmons R, Narayan S, Aneja R. Induction of reactive oxygen species-mediated autophagy by a novel microtubule-modulating agent. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:18737-48. [PMID: 20404319 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.091694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is being increasingly implicated in both cell survival and death. However, the intricate relationships between drug-induced autophagy and apoptosis remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that a tubulin-binding noscapine analog, (R)-9-bromo-5-((S)-4,5-dimethoxy-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl)-4-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,3]-di-oxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline (Red-Br-nos), exerts a novel autophagic response followed by apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Red-Br-nos-induced autophagy was an early event detectable within 12 h that displayed a wide array of characteristic features including double membranous vacuoles with entrapped organelles, acidic vesicular organelles, and increased expression of LC3-II and beclin-1. Red-Br-nos-triggered release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and attenuation of ROS by tiron, a ROS scavenger, reduced the sub-G(1) population suggesting ROS-dependent apoptosis. Abrogation of ROS also reduced autophagy indicating that ROS triggers autophagy. Pharmacological and genetic approaches to inhibit autophagy uncovered the protective role of Red-Br-nos-induced autophagy in PC-3 cells. Direct effects of the drug on mitochondria viz. disruption of normal cristae architecture and dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential revealed a functional link between ROS generation, autophagy, and apoptosis induction. This is the first report to demonstrate the protective role of ROS-mediated autophagy and induction of caspase-independent ROS-dependent apoptosis in PC-3 cells by Red-Br-nos, a member of the noscapinoid family of microtubule-modulating anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanthi Karna
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
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Sung B, Ahn KS, Aggarwal BB. Noscapine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, sensitizes leukemic cells to chemotherapeutic agents and cytokines by modulating the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Cancer Res 2010; 70:3259-68. [PMID: 20354190 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-4230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Noscapine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid derived from opium, was recently reported to exhibit activity against a variety of cancers through a poorly understood mechanism. Because the transcription factor NF-kappaB has been linked with inflammation, survival, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in tumors, we hypothesized that noscapine mediates its effects by modulating the NF-kappaB activation pathway. We found that noscapine potentiates apoptosis induced by cytokines and chemotherapeutic agents in tumor cells. Noscapine alone suppressed proliferation of human leukemia and myeloma cells and downregulated the constitutive expression of cell survival proteins. Noscapine also abrogated the inducible expression of proteins involved in survival, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis, all of which are regulated by NF-kappaB. Noscapine suppressed both inducible and constitutive NF-kappaB activation in tumor cells through inhibition of IkappaB kinase, leading to inhibition of phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha. Noscapine also suppressed phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65, leading to inhibition of NF-kappaB reporter activity induced by various components of the NF-kappaB activation pathway. Activity of the NF-kappaB-containing cyclooxygenase-2 promoter was also inhibited by noscapine. Thus, noscapine inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells and sensitizes them to tumor necrosis factor and chemotherapeutic agents by suppressing the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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35
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Aneja R, Miyagi T, Karna P, Ezell T, Shukla D, Vij Gupta M, Yates C, Chinni SR, Zhau H, Chung LWK, Joshi HC. A novel microtubule-modulating agent induces mitochondrially driven caspase-dependent apoptosis via mitotic checkpoint activation in human prostate cancer cells. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:1668-78. [PMID: 20303260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hormone-refractory prostate cancer, its skeletal metastasis and complications remain a therapeutic challenge. Here we show that treatment with (S)-3-((R)-9-bromo-4-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-5-yl)-6,7-dimethoxyiso-benzofuran-1(3H)-one (EM011), the brominated analogue of a plant-derived non-toxic antitussive alkaloid, noscapine, achieved significant inhibition of hormone-refractory human prostate cancer implanted intratibially in the bone as shown by non-invasive, real-time bioluminescent imaging of tumour growth in nude mice. Mechanistically, in vitro data suggested that the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of EM011 in human prostate cancer cell lines were through blockade of cell-cycle progression by impairing the formation of a bipolar spindle apparatus. The G2/M arrest was accompanied by activation of the mitotic checkpoint, a pre-requisite for induction of optimal apoptosis. Attenuation of mitotic checkpoint by siRNA duplexes led to a reduction in mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis. Our results further demonstrated participation of an intrinsic mitochondrially mediated apoptotic pathway that ultimately triggered caspase-driven EM011-induced apoptosis. EM011 did not exert any detectable toxicity in normal tissues with frequently dividing cells such as the gut and bone marrow. Thus, these data warrant further evaluation of EM011 for the management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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36
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Soriano MDPC, Shankaraiah N, Santos LS. Short synthesis of noscapine, bicuculline, egenine, capnoidine, and corytensine alkaloids through the addition of 1-siloxy-isobenzofurans to imines. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Zughaier S, Karna P, Stephens D, Aneja R. Potent anti-inflammatory activity of novel microtubule-modulating brominated noscapine analogs. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9165. [PMID: 20161797 PMCID: PMC2820095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Noscapine, a plant-derived, non-toxic, over-the-counter antitussive alkaloid has tubulin-binding properties. Based upon the structural resemblance of noscapine to colchicine, a tubulin-binding anti-inflammatory drug, noscapine and its semi-synthetic brominated analogs were examined for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Brominated noscapine analogs were found to inhibit cytokine and chemokine release from macrophage cell lines but did not affect cell viability. Brominated noscapine analogs demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in both TLR- and non-TLR induced in vitro innate immune pathway inflammation models, mimicking septic and sterile infection respectively. In addition, electron microscopy and immunoblotting data indicated that these analogs induced robust autophagy in human macrophages. This study is the first report to identify brominated noscapines as innate immune pathway anti-inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Zughaier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
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38
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Karna P, Sharp SM, Yates C, Prakash S, Aneja R. EM011 activates a survivin-dependent apoptotic program in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2009; 8:93. [PMID: 19878573 PMCID: PMC2776016 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-8-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the United States. Treatment modalities available for this malignancy are inadequate and thus new drugs with improved pharmacological profiles and superior therapeutic indices are being continually explored. Noscapinoids constitute an emerging class of anticancer agents that bind tubulin but do not significantly alter the monomer/polymer ratio of tubulin. EM011, a rationally-designed member of this class of non-toxic agents, is more potent than the lead molecule, noscapine. Results Here we report that EM011 inhibited proliferation of a comprehensive panel of lung cancer cells with IC50's ranging from 4-50 μM. In A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells, the antiproliferative activity was mediated through blockage of cell-cycle progression by induction of a transient but robust mitotic arrest accompanied by activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint. The mitotically-arrested A549 cells then override the activated mitotic checkpoint and aberrantly exit mitosis without cytokinesis resulting in pseudo G1-like multinucleated cells that either succumb directly to apoptosis or continue another round of the cell-cycle. The accumulated enormous DNA perhaps acts as genotoxic stress to trigger cell death. EM011-induced apoptotic cell death in A549 cells was associated with a decrease of the Bcl2/BAX ratio, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP. Furthermore, EM011 induced downregulation of survivin expression over time of treatment. Abrogation of survivin led to an increase of cell death whereas, overexpression caused decreased apoptosis. Conclusion These in vitro data suggest that EM011 mediates antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity in non-small cell A549 lung cancer cells by impeding cell-cycle progression and attenuating antiapoptotic signaling circuitries (viz. Bcl2, survivin). The study provides evidence for the potential usefulness of EM011 in chemotherapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanthi Karna
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA-30303, USA.
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Jaiswal AS, Aneja R, Connors SK, Joshi HC, Multani AS, Pathak S, Narayan S. 9-bromonoscapine-induced mitotic arrest of cigarette smoke condensate-transformed breast epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2009; 106:1146-56. [PMID: 19229861 PMCID: PMC2728348 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, we determined the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 9-bromonoscapine (Br-Nos), a more potent noscapine analog, on MCF10A, spontaneously immortalized human normal breast epithelial cells and MCF10A-CSC3, cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)-transformed cells. The results from cytogenetic analysis showed that Br-Nos induced polyploidy and telomeric association in MCF10A-CSC3 cells, while MCF10A cells remained unaffected. Our immunofluorescence data further demonstrated that MCF10A-CSC3 cells were susceptible to mitotic catastrophe on exposure to Br-Nos and failed to recover after drug withdrawal. MCF10A-CSC3 cells exhibited Br-Nos-induced aberrant multipolar spindle formation, which irreversibly impaired the alignment of replicated chromosome to the equatorial plane and finally culminated in cell death. Although MCF10A cells upon Br-Nos treatment showed bipolar spindles with some uncongressed chromosomes, these cells recovered fairly well after drug withdrawal. Our flow-cytometry analysis data reconfirmed that MCF10A-CSC3 cells were more susceptible to cell death compared to MCF10A cells. Furthermore, our results suggest that decreased levels of cdc2/cyclin B1 and cdc2 kinase activity are responsible for Br-Nos-induced mitotic cell arrest leading to cell death in MCF10A-CSC3 cells. This study thus explores the underlying mechanism of Br-Nos-induced mitotic catastrophe in CSC-transformed MCF10A-CSC3 cells and its potential usefulness as a chemotherapeutic agent for prevention of cigarette smoke-induced breast cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna S. Jaiswal
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Shahnjayla K. Connors
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Harish C. Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Asha S. Multani
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sen Pathak
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Satya Narayan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and UF Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
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Kingston DGI. Tubulin-interactive natural products as anticancer agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:507-15. [PMID: 19125622 PMCID: PMC2765517 DOI: 10.1021/np800568j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the discovery, structures, and biological activities of anticancer natural products that act by inhibiting or promoting the assembly of tubulin to microtubules. The emphasis is on providing recent information on those compounds in clinical use or in advanced clinical trials. The vinca alkaloids, the combretastatins, NPI-2358, the halichondrin B analogue eribulin, dolastatin 10, noscapine, hemiasterlin, and rhizoxin are discussed as tubulin polymerization inhibitors, while the taxanes and the epothilones are the major classes of tubulin polymerization promoters presented, with brief treatments of discodermolide, eleutherobin, and laulimalide. The challenges and future directions of tubulin-interactive natural products-based drug discovery programs are also discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, M/C 0212, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0212, USA.
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Das L, Gupta S, Dasgupta D, Poddar A, Janik ME, Bhattacharyya B. Binding of Indanocine to the Colchicine Site on Tubulin Promotes Fluorescence, and Its Binding Parameters Resemble Those of the Colchicine Analogue AC. Biochemistry 2009; 48:1628-35. [DOI: 10.1021/bi801575e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
| | - Suvroma Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
| | - Dipak Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
| | - Asim Poddar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
| | - Mark E. Janik
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
| | - Bhabatarak Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India, Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Fredonia, New York 14063
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Yenjerla M, Cox C, Wilson L, Jordan MA. Carbendazim inhibits cancer cell proliferation by suppressing microtubule dynamics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 328:390-8. [PMID: 19001156 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.143537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate) is widely used as a systemic fungicide in human food production and appears to act on fungal tubulin. However, it also inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells, including drug- and multidrug-resistant and p53-deficient cell lines. Because of its promising preclinical anti-tumor activity, it has undergone phase I clinical trials and is under further clinical development. Although it weakly inhibits polymerization of brain microtubules and induces G(2)/M arrest in tumor cells, its mechanism of action in human cells has not been fully elucidated. We examined its mechanism of action in MCF7 human breast cancer cells and found that it inhibits proliferation (IC(50), 10 microM) and half-maximally arrests mitosis at a similar concentration (8 microM), in concert with suppression of microtubule dynamic instability without appreciable microtubule depolymerization. It induces mitotic spindle abnormalities and reduces the metaphase intercentromere distance of sister chromatids, indicating reduction of tension on kinetochores, thus leading to metaphase arrest. With microtubules assembled in vitro from pure tubulin, carbendazim also suppresses dynamic instability, reducing the dynamicity by 50% at 10 microM, with only minimal (21%) reduction of polymer mass. Carbendazim binds to mammalian tubulin (K(d), 42.8 +/- 4.0 microM). Unlike some benzimidazoles that bind to the colchicine site in tubulin, carbendazim neither competes with colchicine nor competes with vinblastine for binding to brain tubulin. Thus, carbendazim binds to an as yet unidentified site in tubulin and inhibits tumor cell proliferation by suppressing the growing and shortening phases of microtubule dynamic instability, thus inducing mitotic arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Yenjerla
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610, USA
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Noscapine induces apoptosis in human glioma cells by an apoptosis-inducing factor-dependent pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2008; 19:553-63. [PMID: 18525314 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3282ffd68d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we identified noscapine as a small molecule inhibitor of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 pathway in hypoxic human glioma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Noscapine is a nontoxic ingredient in cough medicine currently used in clinical trials for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia to assess antitumor efficacy. Here, we have evaluated the sensitivity of four human glioma cell lines to noscapine-induced apoptosis. Noscapine was a potent inhibitor of proliferation and inducer of apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis was associated with activation of the c-jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway concomitant with inactivation of the extracellular signal regulated kinase signaling pathway and phosphorylation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Noscapine-induced apoptosis was associated with the release of mitochondrial proteins apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and/or cytochrome c. In some glioma cell lines, only AIF release occurred without cytochrome c release or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Knock-down of AIF decreased noscapine-induced apoptosis. Our results suggest the potential importance of noscapine as a novel agent for use in patients with glioblastoma owing to its low toxicity profile and its potent anticancer activity.
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Newcomb EW, Lukyanov Y, Alonso-Basanta M, Esencay M, Smirnova I, Schnee T, Shao Y, Devitt ML, Zagzag D, McBride W, Formenti SC. Antiangiogenic effects of noscapine enhance radioresponse for GL261 tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 71:1477-84. [PMID: 18640497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of noscapine, a tubulin-binding drug, in combination with radiation in a murine glioma model. METHODS AND MATERIALS The human T98G and murine GL261 glioma cell lines treated with noscapine, radiation, or both were assayed for clonogenic survival. Mice with established GL261 hind limb tumors were treated with noscapine, radiation, or both to evaluate the effect of noscapine on radioresponse. In a separate experiment with the same treatment groups, 7 days after radiation, tumors were resected and immunostained to measure proliferation rate, apoptosis, and angiogenic activity. RESULTS Noscapine reduced clonogenic survival without enhancement of radiosensitivity in vitro. Noscapine combined with radiation significantly increased tumor growth delay: 5, 8, 13, and 18 days for control, noscapine alone, radiation alone, and the combination treatment, respectively (p < 0.001). To assess the effect of the combination of noscapine plus radiation on the tumor vasculature, tubule formation by the murine endothelial 2H11 cells was tested. Noscapine with radiation significantly inhibited tubule formation compared with radiation alone. By immunohistochemistry, tumors treated with the combination of noscapine plus radiation showed a decrease in BrdU incorporation, an increase in apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling, and a decrease in tumor vessel density compared with tumors treated with radiation alone. CONCLUSION Noscapine enhanced the sensitivity of GL261 glioma tumors to radiation, resulting in a significant tumor growth delay. An antiangiogenic mechanism contributed to the effect. These findings are clinically relevant, particularly in view of the mild toxicity profile of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth W Newcomb
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Endosomes and lysosomes play distinct roles in sulfatide-induced neuroblastoma apoptosis: potential mechanisms contributing to abnormal sulfatide metabolism in related neuronal diseases. Biochem J 2008; 410:81-92. [PMID: 17939778 DOI: 10.1042/bj20070976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in sulfatide metabolism, trafficking and homoeostasis are present at the earliest clinically recognizable stages of Alzheimer's disease and are associated with metachromatic leukodystrophy. However, the role of sulfatide in these disease states remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the sequelae of NB (neuroblastoma) cells upon sulfatide supplementation and the biochemical mechanisms contributing to the sulfatide-induced changes. By using shotgun lipidomics, we showed dramatic accumulations of sulfatide, ceramide and sphingosine in NB cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Further studies utilizing subcellular fractionation and shotgun lipidomics analyses demonstrated that most of the increased ceramide content was generated in the endosomal compartment, whereas sulfatides predominantly accumulated in lysosomes. In addition, we determined that the sulfatide-mediated increase in endosomal ceramide content mainly resulted from beta-galactosidase activity, which directly hydrolyses sulfatide to ceramide without a prior desulfation step. Substantial cell apoptosis occurred in parallel with the accumulation of sulfatides and ceramides, as revealed by mitochondrial membrane depolarization, by phosphatidylserine translocation and by the TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling) assay. These findings were also demonstrated with primary neuron cultures. Collectively, our results demonstrate that abnormal sulfatide metabolism can induce cell apoptosis due to endosome-mediated ceramide generation and the accumulation of cytotoxic levels of sulfatides in lysosomes.
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Suresh D, Balakrishna MS, Rathinasamy K, Panda D, Mobin SM. Water-soluble cyclodiphosphazanes: synthesis, gold(i) metal complexes and their in vitro antitumor studies. Dalton Trans 2008:2812-4. [DOI: 10.1039/b804026p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liou JP, Hsu KS, Kuo CC, Chang CY, Chang JY. A novel oral indoline-sulfonamide agent, N-[1-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-7-yl]-isonicotinamide (J30), exhibits potent activity against human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through the disruption of microtubule. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 323:398-405. [PMID: 17660383 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.126680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously synthesized a series of 7-aroylaminoindoline-1-sulfonamides as a novel class of antitubulin agents. Here we show that one of these new compounds, N-[1-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-7-yl]-isonicotinamide (J30), is potently effective against various resistant and nonresistant cancer cell lines despite the status of multidrug resistance, multidrug-resistance associated protein, or other resistance factors in vitro. J30 inhibits assembly of purified tubulin by strongly binding to the colchicine-binding site. Western blot and immunofluorescence experiments demonstrate that J30 depolymerizes microtubules in the KB cell line, resulting in an accumulation of G2/M phase cells. Further studies indicate that J30 causes cell cycle arrest, as assessed by flow analyses and the appearance of MPM-2 (a specific mitotic marker), and is associated with up-regulation of cyclin B1, phosphorylation of Cdc25C, and dephosphorylation of Cdc2. J30 also causes Bcl-2 phosphorylation, cytochrome c translocation, and activation of the caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascades. These findings suggest that the J30-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway depends on caspases and mitochondria. Finally, we show that oral administration of J30 significantly inhibits tumor growth in NOD/scid mice bearing human oral, gastric, and drug-resistant xenografts. Together, our results suggest that J30 has potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ping Liou
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Aneja R, Vangapandu SN, Joshi HC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a cyclic ether fluorinated noscapine analog. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:8352-8. [PMID: 17008104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We present here a novel semi-synthetic cyclic ether fluorinated noscapine analog (CEFNA) that shows potent antiproliferative and anticancer activity in both hormone-responsive (MCF-7) and hormone non-responsive (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells. Interestingly, it is also effective against MCF-7/Adr, an adriamycin-resistant variant of MCF-7 cells. Immunofluorescence experiments showed numerous micronuclei, indicative of apoptotic cell death triggered by this novel analog. Mechanistically, CEFNA exerts a strong antimitotic effect as revealed by cell-cycle studies that show a dose-dependent increase in G2/M population preceding a rising sub-G1 population, suggesting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Aneja
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Research, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Aneja R, Vangapandu SN, Lopus M, Viswesarappa VG, Dhiman N, Verma A, Chandra R, Panda D, Joshi HC. Synthesis of microtubule-interfering halogenated noscapine analogs that perturb mitosis in cancer cells followed by cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 72:415-26. [PMID: 16780803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 05/01/2006] [Accepted: 05/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously identified the naturally occurring non-toxic antitussive phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid, noscapine as a tubulin-binding agent that arrests mitosis and induces apoptosis. Here we present high-yield efficient synthetic methods and an evaluation of anticancer activity of halogenated noscapine analogs. Our results show that all analogs display higher tubulin-binding activity than noscapine and inhibit proliferation of human cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and CEM). Surprisingly, the bromo-analog is approximately 40-fold more potent than noscapine in inhibiting cellular proliferation of MCF-7 cells. The ability of these analogs to inhibit cellular proliferation is mediated by cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, in that all analogs except 9-iodonoscapine, caused selective mitotic arrest with a higher efficiency than noscapine followed by apoptotic cell death as shown by immunofluorescence and quantitative FACS analyses. Furthermore, our results reveal the appearance of numerous fragmented nuclei as evidenced by DAPI staining. Thus, our data indicate a great potential of these compounds for studying microtubule-mediated processes and as chemotherapeutic agents for the management of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Aneja
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Research, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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