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Janeckova L, Kolar M, Svec J, Lanikova L, Pospichalova V, Baloghova N, Vojtechova M, Sloncova E, Strnad H, Korinek V. HIC1 Expression Distinguishes Intestinal Carcinomas Sensitive to Chemotherapy. Transl Oncol 2016; 9:99-107. [PMID: 27084425 PMCID: PMC4833890 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic growth is frequently associated with genomic DNA methylation that causes transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes. We used a collection of colorectal polyps and carcinomas in combination with bioinformatics analysis of large datasets to study the expression and methylation of Hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1), a tumor suppressor gene inactivated in many neoplasms. In premalignant stages, HIC1 expression was decreased, and the decrease was linked to methylation of a specific region in the HIC1 locus. However, in carcinomas, the HIC1 expression was variable and, in some specimens, comparable to healthy tissue. Importantly, high HIC1 production distinguished a specific type of chemotherapy-responsive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Janeckova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kolar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Svec
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Srobarova 50, 100 34 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Lanikova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pospichalova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Nikol Baloghova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vojtechova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Sloncova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Korinek
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Kumar S. Molecular cloning and expression of high GC-rich novel tumor suppressor gene HIC-1. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 56:1040-8. [PMID: 25001210 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypermethylated in Cancer-1 (HIC-1) is a novel tumor suppressor plays crucial role in tumor formation through loss of function by hypermethylation. HIC-1 is known as transcriptional factor whereas little known about its structure and function. Requirement felt to clone and express full coding protein and reveal various domains and binding pattern onto promoters conducting biophysical studies which lack in current scenario. Production of sufficient amounts of protein is frequent bottleneck in structural biology. Cloning full-length HIC-1 with >73 % GC content poses a daunting task with sequencing and expression adds more to the challenge. We describe the methodology for specific amplification, cloning, sequencing, and expression of HIC-1 in E. coli. Standardization using 1.5 U pfu polymerase in (NH4)2SO4 containing buffer gave specific amplification with 10 % DMSO and 1.5 mM MgCl2. Sequencing achieved using base analog 7-de aza dGTP (0.2 mM) or denaturant like DMSO (10 %) or betaine (1 M). Expression using strains of E. coli induced by different concentrations of IPTG (0.5-5.0 mM) for time points of 4, 8, 16, 20, and 24 h at different temperatures 25, 30, and 37 °C. Full-length clone successfully expressed in BL21-Codon Plus-RP using 1 mM concentration of IPTG for 8 h at 37 °C gave prominent band of 74 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Biomolecular Science Centre, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Bld 20, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA,
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Kumar S. P53 induction accompanying G2/M arrest upon knockdown of tumor suppressor HIC1 in U87MG glioma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 395:281-90. [PMID: 24992983 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene (tsg) frequently silenced by epigenetic modification, predominantly by methylation in different tumors. HIC1 functionally co-operates with p53 in cultured cells as well as in transgenic animals to suppress tumors and has binding site on its promoter. Its over expression often leads to cell cycle arrests. Although HIC1 proven to have role as tsg, its regulation to cell cycle and dependency upon p53 is grossly unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of HIC1 in cell cycle and proliferation of glioma cell line U87MG which has wild type p53, in both serum-containing and serum-deprived medium. Microscopic analysis and MTT assay showed reduced cell number and rate of proliferation upon HIC1 knock down compared to control siRNA (p = 0.025) and untreated cells (p = 0.03) in serum-containing medium and serum-free medium (p = 0.014 vs control siRNA; p = 0.018 vs untreated cells). Cell cycle analysis revealed an arrest at G2/M phase of cell cycle with no demonstrable increase in apoptosis with both medium. An increased expression of p53 concomitant with HIC1 knockdown was observed. Furthermore P21, a p53 responsive gene, along with p27 was significantly increased in comparison with controls. Our results demonstrated an important role of HIC1 for the normal progression of cell cycle, and at molecular level, it could affect the homeostasis of p53 as well as number of cell cycle-related genes, which may or may not be directly linked to p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Biomolecular Science Centre, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Bld 20, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA,
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Dehennaut V, Loison I, Boulay G, Van Rechem C, Leprince D. Identification of p21 (CIP1/WAF1) as a direct target gene of HIC1 (Hypermethylated In Cancer 1). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zheng J, Xiong D, Sun X, Wang J, Hao M, Ding T, Xiao G, Wang X, Mao Y, Fu Y, Shen K, Wang J. Signification of Hypermethylated in Cancer 1 (HIC1) as Tumor Suppressor Gene in Tumor Progression. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT SOCIETY 2012; 5:285-93. [PMID: 22528874 PMCID: PMC3460058 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-012-0103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypermethylated in cancer 1(HIC1) was identified as a strong suppressor gene in chromosome region 17p13.3 telomeric to TP53. This gene encodes a transcriptional repressor and is ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues but downexpressed in different tumor tissues where it is hypermethylated. The hypermethylation of this chromosomal region leads to epigenetic inactivation of HIC1, which would prompt cancer cells to alter survival and signaling pathways or specific transcription factors during the period of tumorigenesis. In vitro, HIC1 function is mainly a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor interacting with a still growing range of histone deacetylase(HDAC)-dependent and HDAC-independent corepressor complexes. Furthermore, a role for HIC1 in tumor development is firmly supported by Hic1 deficient mouse model and two double heterozygote models cooperate with p53 and Ptch1. Notably, our findings suggest that potential factors derived from tumor microenviroment may play a role in modulating HIC1 expression in tumor cells by epigenetic modification, which is responsible for tumor progression. In this review, we will describe genomic and proteinic structure of HIC1, and summary the potential role of HIC1 in human various solid tumors and leukemia, and explore the influence of tumor microenviroment on inducing HIC1 expression in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Xueqing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Mingang Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Urological Surgery, Shanghai the Tenth People’s Hospital of Tong Ji University, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yan Mao
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yuejie Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, RenJi Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunwei Shen
- Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
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Azad A, Jackson S, Cullinane C, Natoli A, Neilsen PM, Callen DF, Maira SM, Hackl W, McArthur GA, Solomon B. Inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase induces accelerated senescence in irradiated human cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 2011; 9:1696-707. [PMID: 22009179 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) plays a pivotal role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and is centrally involved in regulating cellular radiosensitivity. Here, we identify DNA-PK as a key therapeutic target for augmenting accelerated senescence in irradiated human cancer cells. We find that BEZ235, a novel inhibitor of DNA-PK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mTOR, abrogates radiation-induced DSB repair resulting in cellular radiosensitization and growth delay of irradiated tumor xenografts. Importantly, radiation enhancement by BEZ235 coincides with a prominent p53-dependent accelerated senescence phenotype characterized by positive β-galactosidase staining, G(2)-M cell-cycle arrest, enlarged and flattened cellular morphology, and increased p21 expression and senescence-associated cytokine secretion. Because this senescence response to BEZ235 is accompanied by unrepaired DNA DSBs, we examined whether selective targeting of DNA-PK also induces accelerated senescence in irradiated cells. Significantly, we show that specific pharmacologic inhibition of DNA-PK, but not PI3K or mTORC1, delays DSB repair leading to accelerated senescence after radiation. We additionally show that PRKDC knockdown using siRNA promotes a striking accelerated senescence phenotype in irradiated cells comparable with that of BEZ235. Thus, in the context of radiation treatment, our data indicate that inhibition of DNA-PK is sufficient for the induction of accelerated senescence. These results validate DNA-PK as an important therapeutic target in irradiated cancer cells and establish accelerated senescence as a novel mechanism of radiosensitization induced by DNA-PK blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Azad
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wang Q, Tan YX, Ren YB, Dong LW, Xie ZF, Tang L, Cao D, Zhang WP, Hu HP, Wang HY. Zinc finger protein ZBTB20 expression is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:271. [PMID: 21702992 PMCID: PMC3145616 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous studies showed that ZBTB20, a new BTB/POZ-domain gene, could negatively regulate α feto-protein and other liver-specific genes, concerning such as bio-transformation, glucose metabolism and the regulation of the somatotropic hormonal axis. The aim of this study is to determine the potential clinical implications of ZBTB20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect expression levels of ZBTB20 in 50 paired HCC tumorous and nontumorous tissues and in 20 normal liver tissues. Moreover, expression of ZBTB20 was assessed by immunohistochemistry of paired tumor and peritumoral liver tissue from 102 patients who had undergone hepatectomy for histologically proven HCC. And its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was investigated. Results Both messenger RNA and protein expression levels of ZBTB20 were elevated significantly in HCC tissues compared with the paired non-tumor tissues and normal liver tissues. Overexpressed ZBTB20 protein in HCC was significantly associated with vein invasion (P = 0.016). Importantly, the recurrence or metastasis rates of HCCs with higher ZBTB20 expression were markedly greater than those of HCCs with lower expression (P = 0.003, P = 0.00015, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that ZBTB20 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for HCC. The disease-free survival period and over-all survival period in patients with overexpressed ZBTB20 in HCC was significantly reduced. Conclusions The expression of ZBTB20 is increased in HCC and associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC, implicating ZBTB20 as a candidate prognostic marker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, the Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
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Fleuriel C, Touka M, Boulay G, Guérardel C, Rood BR, Leprince D. HIC1 (Hypermethylated in Cancer 1) epigenetic silencing in tumors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 41:26-33. [PMID: 18723112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
HIC1 (Hypermethylated in Cancer 1), as it name implied, was originally isolated as a new candidate tumor suppressor gene located at 17p13.3 because it resides in a CpG island that is hypermethylated in many types of human cancers. HIC1 encodes a transcription factor associating an N-terminal BTB/POZ domain to five C-terminal Krüppel-like C(2)H(2) zinc finger motifs. In this review, we will begin by providing an overview of the current knowledge on HIC1 function, mainly gained from in vitro studies, as a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor interacting with a still growing range of HDAC-dependent and HDAC-independent corepressor complexes. We will then summarize the studies that have demonstrated frequent hypermethylation changes or losses of heterozygosity of the HIC1 locus in human cancers. Next, we will review animal models which have firmly established HIC1 as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene epigenetically silenced and functionally cooperating notably with p53 within a complex HIC1-p53-SIRT1 regulatory loop. Finally, we will discuss how this epigenetic inactivation of HIC1 might "addict" cancer cells to altered survival and signaling pathways or to lineage-specific transcription factors during the early stages of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Fleuriel
- Université de Lille 1 et de Lille 2, Institut PASTEUR de LILLE, 59017 Lille Cedex, France
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Presence of 25(OH)D deficiency and its effect on vitamin D receptor mRNA expression. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 63:446-9. [PMID: 18398421 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2008.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vitamin D and its metabolites act through vitamin D receptor (VDR). We hypothesized that subjects with low serum 25(OH)D levels but normal PTH might have increased VDR expression. DESIGN AND METHODS VDRmRNA expression was assessed by real time PCR in duodenal mucosa and PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) in 45 subjects with normal duodenoscopy and in PBMC alone in 48 healthy volunteers with hypovitaminosis D. 25(OH)D, PTH and VDRmRNA expression in PBMC was reassessed after 8 weeks of oral cholecalciferol (60 000 IU per week) in a subset (n=23) of healthy volunteers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The VDRmRNA expressions in the duodenum and PBMC were significantly correlated (r=0.42), but the expression was 13 times higher in the former than the latter. The mean VDRmRNA expression was similar in 25(OH)D-deficient subjects with or without PTH elevation, both in the duodenum and PBMC. The PBMC VDRmRNA expression showed no significant change after cholecalciferol supplementation. A weak correlation coefficient between duodenal mucosa and PBMC VDRmRNA suggests that caution needs to be exercised while using the latter as a surrogate for other sites.
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Tsuno T, Natsume A, Katsumata S, Mizuno M, Fujita M, Osawa H, Nakahara N, Wakabayashi T, Satoh YI, Inagaki M, Yoshida J. Inhibition of Aurora-B function increases formation of multinucleated cells in p53 gene deficient cells and enhances anti-tumor effect of temozolomide in human glioma cells. J Neurooncol 2007; 83:249-58. [PMID: 17570035 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-007-9335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell division is an elemental process, and mainly consists of chromosome segregation and subsequent cytokinesis. Some errors in this process have the possibility of leading to carcinogenesis. Aurora-B is known as a chromosomal passenger protein that regulates cell division. In our previous studies of giant cell glioblastoma, we reported that multinucleated giant cells resulted from aberrations in cytokinesis with intact nuclear division occurring in the early mitotic phase, probably due to Aurora-B dysfunction. In this study, as we determined p53 gene mutation occurring in multinucleated giant cell glioblastoma, we investigated the role of Aurora-B in formation of multinucleated cells in human neoplasm cells with various p53 statuses as well as cytotoxity of glioma cells to temozolomide (TMZ), a common oral alkylating agent used in the treatment of gliomas. The inhibition of Aurora-B function by small-interfering (si)RNA led to an increase in the number of multinucleated cells and the ratios of G2/M phase in p53-mutant and p53-null cells, but not in p53-wild cells or the cells transduced adenovirally with wild-p53. The combination of TMZ and Aurora-B-siRNA remarkably inhibited the cell viability of TMZ-resistant glioma cells. Accordingly, our results suggested that Aurora-B dysfunction increases in the appearance of multinucleated cells in p53 gene deficient cells, and TMZ treatment in combination with the inhibition of Aurora-B function may become a potential therapy against p53 gene deficient and chemotherapeutic-resistant human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Tsuno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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