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Maciel SVSA, Oliveira IPP, Senes BB, Silva JAIDV, Feitosa FLB, Alves JS, Costa RB, de Camargo GMF. Genomic regions associated with coat color in Gir cattle. Genome 2024; 67:233-242. [PMID: 38579337 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2023-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Indicine cattle breeds are adapted to the tropical climate, and their coat plays an important role in this process. Coat color influences thermoregulation and the adhesion of ectoparasites and may be associated with productive and reproductive traits. Furthermore, coat color is used for breed qualification, with breeders preferring certain colors. The Gir cattle is characterized by a wide variety of coat colors. Therefore, we performed genome-wide association studies to identify candidate genes for coat color in Gir cattle. Different phenotype scenarios were considered in the analyses and regions were identified on eight chromosomes. Some regions and many candidate genes are influencing coat color in the Gir cattle, which was found to be a polygenic trait. The candidate genes identified have been associated with white spotting patterns and base coat color in cattle and other species. In addition, a possible epistatic effect on coat color determination in the Gir cattle was suggested. This is the first published study that identified genomic regions and listed candidate genes associated with coat color in Gir cattle. The findings provided a better understanding of the genetic architecture of the trait in the breed and will allow to guide future fine-mapping studies for the development of genetic markers for selection.
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Fateeva A, Eddy K, Chen S. Current State of Melanoma Therapy and Next Steps: Battling Therapeutic Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1571. [PMID: 38672652 PMCID: PMC11049326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer due to its high propensity to metastasize to distant organs. Significant progress has been made in the last few decades in melanoma therapeutics, most notably in targeted therapy and immunotherapy. These approaches have greatly improved treatment response outcomes; however, they remain limited in their abilities to hinder disease progression due, in part, to the onset of acquired resistance. In parallel, intrinsic resistance to therapy remains an issue to be resolved. In this review, we summarize currently available therapeutic options for melanoma treatment and focus on possible mechanisms that drive therapeutic resistance. A better understanding of therapy resistance will provide improved rational strategies to overcome these obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fateeva
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (A.F.); (K.E.)
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kevinn Eddy
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (A.F.); (K.E.)
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (A.F.); (K.E.)
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA
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Ishibashi K, Ichinose T, Kadokawa R, Mizutani R, Iwabuchi S, Togi S, Ura H, Tange S, Shinjo K, Nakayama J, Nanjo S, Niida Y, Kondo Y, Hashimoto S, Sahai E, Yano S, Nakada M, Hirata E. Astrocyte-induced mGluR1 activates human lung cancer brain metastasis via glutamate-dependent stabilization of EGFR. Dev Cell 2024; 59:579-594.e6. [PMID: 38309264 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
There are limited methods to stably analyze the interactions between cancer cells and glial cells in vitro, which hinders our molecular understanding. Here, we develop a simple and stable culture method of mouse glial cells, termed mixed-glial culture on/in soft substrate (MGS), which serves well as a platform to study cancer-glia interactions. Using this method, we find that human lung cancer cells become overly dependent on metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) signaling in the brain microenvironment. Mechanistically, interactions with astrocytes induce mGluR1 in cancer cells through the Wnt-5a/prickle planar cell polarity protein 1 (PRICKLE1)/RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST) axis. Induced mGluR1 directly interacts with and stabilizes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in a glutamate-dependent manner, and these cells then become responsive to mGluR1 inhibition. Our results highlight increased dependence on mGluR1 signaling as an adaptive strategy and vulnerability of human lung cancer brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Ishibashi
- Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshiya Ichinose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Riki Kadokawa
- Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Mizutani
- Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Sumihito Togi
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ura
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tange
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Oncogenesis and Growth Regulation, Research Institute, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Nanjo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yo Niida
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Seiji Yano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan; Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Eishu Hirata
- Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Wang B, Pei J, Xu S, Liu J, Yu J. A glutamine tug-of-war between cancer and immune cells: recent advances in unraveling the ongoing battle. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:74. [PMID: 38459595 PMCID: PMC10921613 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamine metabolism plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, immune cell function, and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Dysregulated glutamine metabolism has been implicated in cancer development and immune responses, supported by mounting evidence. Cancer cells heavily rely on glutamine as a critical nutrient for survival and proliferation, while immune cells require glutamine for activation and proliferation during immune reactions. This metabolic competition creates a dynamic tug-of-war between cancer and immune cells. Targeting glutamine transporters and downstream enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism holds significant promise in enhancing anti-tumor immunity. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying this interplay is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic approaches that improve anti-tumor immunity and patient outcomes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in unraveling the tug-of-war of glutamine metabolism between cancer and immune cells and explore potential applications of basic science discoveries in the clinical setting. Further investigations into the regulation of glutamine metabolism in cancer and immune cells are expected to yield valuable insights, paving the way for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinli Pei
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengnan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Eddy K, Gupta K, Eddin MN, Marinaro C, Putta S, Sauer JM, Chaly A, Freeman KB, Pelletier JC, Fateeva A, Furmanski P, Silk AW, Reitz AB, Zloza A, Chen S. Assessing Longitudinal Treatment Efficacies and Alterations in Molecular Markers Associated with Glutamatergic Signaling and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in a Spontaneous Melanoma Mouse Model. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100262. [PMID: 38445232 PMCID: PMC10914525 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous work done by our laboratory described the use of an immunocompetent spontaneous melanoma-prone mouse model, TGS (TG-3/SKH-1), to evaluate treatment outcomes using inhibitors of glutamatergic signaling and immune checkpoint for 18 weeks. We showed a significant therapeutic efficacy with a notable sex-biased response in male mice. In this follow-up 18-week study, the dose of the glutamatergic signaling inhibitor was increased (from 1.7 mg/kg to 25 mg/kg), which resulted in improved responses in female mice but not male mice. The greatest reduction in tumor progression was observed in male mice treated with single-agent troriluzole and anti-PD-1. Furthermore, a randomly selected group of mice was removed from treatment after 18 weeks and maintained for up to an additional 48 weeks demonstrating the utility of the TGS mouse model to perform a ≥1-year preclinical therapeutic study in a physiologically relevant tumor-host environment. Digital spatial imaging analyses were performed in tumors and tumor microenvironments across treatment modalities using antibody panels for immune cell types and immune cell activation. The results suggest that immune cell populations and cytotoxic activities of T cells play critical roles in treatment responses in these mice. Examination of a group of molecular protein markers based on the proposed mechanisms of action of inhibitors of glutamatergic signaling and immune checkpoint showed that alterations in expression levels of xCT, γ-H2AX, EAAT2, PD-L1, and PD-1 are likely associated with the loss of treatment responses. These results suggest the importance of tracking changes in molecular markers associated with the mechanism of action of therapeutics over the course of a longitudinal preclinical therapeutic study in spatial and temporal manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevinn Eddy
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kajal Gupta
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mohamad Naser Eddin
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christina Marinaro
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sanjana Putta
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - John Michael Sauer
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anna Chaly
- Fox Chase Therapeutics Discovery, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Anna Fateeva
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Philip Furmanski
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ann W. Silk
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allen B. Reitz
- Fox Chase Therapeutics Discovery, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Graduate Program in Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Caridi M, Alborghetti M, Pellicelli V, Orlando R, Pontieri FE, Battaglia G, Arcella A. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Type 3 and 5 Feature the "NeuroTransmitter-type" of Glioblastoma: A Bioinformatic Approach. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1923-1939. [PMID: 38509672 PMCID: PMC11284726 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666240320112926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) represents an aggressive and common tumor of the central nervous system. The prognosis of GBM is poor, and despite a refined genetic and molecular characterization, pharmacological treatment is largely suboptimal. OBJECTIVE Contribute to defining a therapeutic line in GBM targeting the mGlu3 receptor in line with the principles of precision medicine. METHODS Here, we performed a computational analysis focused on the expression of type 3 and 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes (mGlu3 and mGlu5, respectively) in high- and low-grade gliomas. RESULTS The analysis allowed the identification of a particular high-grade glioma type, characterized by a high expression level of both receptor subtypes and by other markers of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. This so-called neurotransmitter-GBM (NT-GBM) also shows a distinct immunological, metabolic, and vascularization gene signature. CONCLUSION Our findings might lay the groundwork for a targeted therapy to be specifically applied to this putative novel type of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Caridi
- Division of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marika Alborghetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosamaria Orlando
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Roma, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Ernesto Pontieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Roma, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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Eddy K, Gupta K, Pelletier JC, Isola AL, Marinaro C, Rasheed MA, Campagnolo J, Eddin MN, Rossi M, Fateeva A, Reuhl K, Shah R, Robinson AK, Chaly A, Freeman KB, Chen W, Diaz J, Furmanski P, Silk AW, Reitz AB, Zloza A, Chen S. A Spontaneous Melanoma Mouse Model Applicable for a Longitudinal Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Study. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2007-2018.e6. [PMID: 36997110 PMCID: PMC10524215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models that reflect human disorders provide invaluable tools for the translation of basic science discoveries to clinical therapies. However, many of these in vivo therapeutic studies are short term and do not accurately mimic patient conditions. In this study, we used a fully immunocompetent, transgenic mouse model, TGS, in which the spontaneous development of metastatic melanoma is driven by the ectopic expression of a normal neuronal receptor, mGluR1, as a model to assess longitudinal treatment response (up to 8 months) with an inhibitor of glutamatergic signaling, troriluzole, which is a prodrug of riluzole, plus an antibody against PD-1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Our results reveal a sex-biased treatment response that led to improved survival in troriluzole and/or anti-PD-1-treated male mice that correlated with differential CD8+ T cells and CD11b+ myeloid cell populations in the tumor-stromal interface, supporting the notion that this model is a responsive and tractable system for evaluating therapeutic regimens for melanoma in an immunocompetent setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevinn Eddy
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kajal Gupta
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Allison L Isola
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Annandale, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christina Marinaro
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Maryam Abdur Rasheed
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joseph Campagnolo
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mohamad Naser Eddin
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marco Rossi
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anna Fateeva
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kenneth Reuhl
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Raj Shah
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ann K Robinson
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anna Chaly
- Fox Chase Therapeutics Discovery, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katie B Freeman
- Fox Chase Therapeutics Discovery, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wenjin Chen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jesus Diaz
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Philip Furmanski
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ann W Silk
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allen B Reitz
- Fox Chase Therapeutics Discovery, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
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8
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Olukoya AO, Stires H, Bahnassy S, Persaud S, Guerra Y, Ranjit S, Ma S, Cruz MI, Benitez C, Rozeboom AM, Ceuleers H, Berry DL, Jacobsen BM, Raj GV, Riggins RB. Riluzole Suppresses Growth and Enhances Response to Endocrine Therapy in ER+ Breast Cancer. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad117. [PMID: 37766843 PMCID: PMC10521904 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer remains a significant clinical problem. Riluzole is FDA-approved for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A benzothiazole-based glutamate release inhibitor with several context-dependent mechanism(s) of action, riluzole has shown antitumor activity in multiple malignancies, including melanoma, glioblastoma, and breast cancer. We previously reported that the acquisition of tamoxifen resistance in a cellular model of invasive lobular breast cancer is accompanied by the upregulation of GRM mRNA expression and growth inhibition by riluzole. Methods We tested the ability of riluzole to reduce cell growth, alone and in combination with endocrine therapy, in a diverse set of ER+ invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer-derived cell lines, primary breast tumor explant cultures, and the estrogen-independent, ESR1-mutated invasive lobular breast cancer patient-derived xenograft model HCI-013EI. Results Single-agent riluzole suppressed the growth of ER+ invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer cell lines in vitro, inducing a histologic subtype-associated cell cycle arrest (G0-G1 for ductal, G2-M for lobular). Riluzole induced apoptosis and ferroptosis and reduced phosphorylation of multiple prosurvival signaling molecules, including Akt/mTOR, CREB, and Fak/Src family kinases. Riluzole, in combination with either fulvestrant or 4-hydroxytamoxifen, additively suppressed ER+ breast cancer cell growth in vitro. Single-agent riluzole significantly inhibited HCI-013EI patient-derived xenograft growth in vivo, and the combination of riluzole plus fulvestrant significantly reduced proliferation in ex vivo primary breast tumor explant cultures. Conclusion Riluzole may offer therapeutic benefits in diverse ER+ breast cancers, including lobular breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji O Olukoya
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hillary Stires
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Shaymaa Bahnassy
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Sonali Persaud
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Yanira Guerra
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Suman Ranjit
- Department of Biochemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Shihong Ma
- Departments of Urology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - M Idalia Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Carlos Benitez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Aaron M Rozeboom
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hannah Ceuleers
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Deborah L Berry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Britta M Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- Departments of Urology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rebecca B Riggins
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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9
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Sakai N, Kamimura K, Terai S. Repurposable Drugs for Immunotherapy and Strategies to Find Candidate Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2190. [PMID: 37765160 PMCID: PMC10536625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional drug discovery involves significant steps, time, and expenses; therefore, novel methods for drug discovery remain unmet, particularly for patients with intractable diseases. For this purpose, the drug repurposing method has been recently used to search for new therapeutic agents. Repurposed drugs are mostly previously approved drugs, which were carefully tested for their efficacy for other diseases and had their safety for the human body confirmed following careful pre-clinical trials, clinical trials, and post-marketing surveillance. Therefore, using these approved drugs for other diseases that cannot be treated using conventional therapeutic methods could save time and economic costs for testing their clinical applicability. In this review, we have summarized the methods for identifying repurposable drugs focusing on immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757, Aasahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (N.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Kenya Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757, Aasahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (N.S.); (S.T.)
- Department of General Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757, Aasahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757, Aasahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (N.S.); (S.T.)
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10
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Akarsu M, Ak G, Dündar E, Metintaş M. Genetic analysis of familial predisposition in the pathogenesis of malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7767-7778. [PMID: 37027032 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesothelioma is the primary tumor of the mesothelial cell membrane. The most important etiology is asbestos exposure. The development of malignant mesothelioma in very few of the population exposed to asbestos and its frequent occurrence in some families may be significant in terms of genetic predisposition. Again, the presence of relatives with mesothelioma who did not have asbestos contact strengthens this argument. This disease, which has limited treatment options and has a poor prognosis, revealing a genetic predisposition, if any, may prolong survival with early diagnosis and effective treatment. METHODS Based on the genetic predisposition idea, we diagnosed and followed a total of ten individuals of relatives with mesothelioma. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and whole genome sequencing analysis was done. Common gene mutations in ten individuals were filtered using bioinformatics. After this filter, from the remaining variants, very rare in the population and damaging mutations are selected. RESULTS Eight thousand six hundred and twenty-two common variants have been identified in ten individuals with this analysis. In total, 120 variants were found on 37 genes in 15 chromosomes. These genes are PIK3R4, SLC25A5, ITGB6, PLK2, RAD17, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, GRM, IL20RA, MAP3K7, RIPK2, and MUC16. CONCLUSION Our finding, PIK3R4 gene, is directly associated with mesothelioma development. Twelve genes, which are associated with cancer, were detected in literature. Additional studies, which scan first-degree relatives of individual, are needed to find the specific gene region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhittin Akarsu
- Department of Chest Disease, Eskisehir City Hospital, 26080, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Güntülü Ak
- Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Emine Dündar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Meselik Kampusu, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Metintaş
- Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040, Eskisehir, Turkey
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11
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Ivanova I, Bogner C, Gronwald W, Kreutz M, Kurz B, Maisch T, Kamenisch Y, Berneburg M. UVA-induced metabolic changes in non-malignant skin cells and the potential role of pyruvate as antioxidant. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1889-1899. [PMID: 37193818 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to UVA (320-400 nm) irradiation is a major threat to human skin concerning photoaging and carcinogenesis. It has been shown that UVA irradiation can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA mutations, such as 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Furthermore, UVA induces the expression of photoaging-associated matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), especially of matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP 1) and matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP 3). In addition to this, it was recently shown that UVA-induced ROS also increase glucose metabolism of melanoma cells, however, the influence of UVA on the glucose metabolism of non-malignant cells of the human skin has, so far, not been investigated in detail. Here, we investigated the UVA-induced changes in glucose metabolism and the functional relevance of these changes in primary fibroblasts-normal non-malignant cells of the skin. These cells showed an UVA-induced enhanced glucose consumption and lactate production and changes in pyruvate production. As it has been proposed that pyruvate could have antioxidant properties we tested the functional relevance of pyruvate as protective agent against UVA-induced ROS. Our initial experiments support earlier publications, demonstrating that pyruvate treated with H2O2 is non-enzymatically transformed to acetate. Furthermore, we show that this decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate also occurs upon UVA irradiation. In addition to this, we could show that in fibroblasts pyruvate has antioxidant properties as enhanced levels of pyruvate protect cells from UVA-induced ROS and partially from a DNA mutation by the modified base 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we describe for the first time, that the interaction of UVA with pyruvate is relevant for the regulation of photoaging-associated MMP 1 and MMP 3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ivanova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - C Bogner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Am BioPark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Gronwald
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Am BioPark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Molecular Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Kurz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T Maisch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Y Kamenisch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - M Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Costas-Insua C, Seijo-Vila M, Blázquez C, Blasco-Benito S, Rodríguez-Baena FJ, Marsicano G, Pérez-Gómez E, Sánchez C, Sánchez-Laorden B, Guzmán M. Neuronal Cannabinoid CB 1 Receptors Suppress the Growth of Melanoma Brain Metastases by Inhibiting Glutamatergic Signalling. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092439. [PMID: 37173906 PMCID: PMC10177062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of cancer. Most melanoma deaths are caused by distant metastases in several organs, especially the brain, the so-called melanoma brain metastases (MBMs). However, the precise mechanisms that sustain the growth of MBMs remain elusive. Recently, the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate has been proposed as a brain-specific, pro-tumorigenic signal for various types of cancers, but how neuronal glutamate shuttling onto metastases is regulated remains unknown. Here, we show that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), a master regulator of glutamate output from nerve terminals, controls MBM proliferation. First, in silico transcriptomic analysis of cancer-genome atlases indicated an aberrant expression of glutamate receptors in human metastatic melanoma samples. Second, in vitro experiments conducted on three different melanoma cell lines showed that the selective blockade of glutamatergic NMDA receptors, but not AMPA or metabotropic receptors, reduces cell proliferation. Third, in vivo grafting of melanoma cells in the brain of mice selectively devoid of CB1Rs in glutamatergic neurons increased tumour cell proliferation in concert with NMDA receptor activation, whereas melanoma cell growth in other tissue locations was not affected. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an unprecedented regulatory role of neuronal CB1Rs in the MBM tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Costas-Insua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Seijo-Vila
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Blasco-Benito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Baena
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, NeuroCentre Magendie, U1215 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Sánchez-Laorden
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Spencer KR, Portal DE, Aisner J, Stein MN, Malhotra J, Shih W, Chan N, Silk AW, Ganesan S, Goodin S, Gounder M, Lin H, Li J, Cerchio R, Marinaro C, Chen S, Mehnert JM. A phase I trial of riluzole and sorafenib in patients with advanced solid tumors: CTEP #8850. Oncotarget 2023; 14:302-315. [PMID: 37036756 PMCID: PMC10085060 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. Riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamate release, showed synergistic antitumor activity in combination with the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib in preclinical models. This phase I trial identified the toxicity profile, dose-limiting toxicities, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of riluzole combined with sorafenib in patients with advanced cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with refractory solid tumors were enrolled utilizing a 3+3 dose-escalation design. Riluzole was given at 100 mg PO BID in combination with sorafenib, beginning at 200 mg PO daily and escalating in 200 mg increments per level in 28-day cycles. Restaging evaluations were performed every 2 cycles. RESULTS 35 patients were enrolled over 4 dose levels. The MTD was declared at dose level 3 (riluzole: 100 mg PO BID; sorafenib: 400 mg AM/200 mg PM). Pharmacokinetic analyses did not reveal definitive evidence of drug-drug interactions. Consistent decreases in phospho-forms of ERK and AKT in tumor tissue analyses with accompanying decrease in GRM1 expression and increase in pro-apoptotic BIM suggest target engagement by the combination. Best responses included a partial response in 1 (2.9%) patient with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma with a KANK4-RAF1 fusion, and stable disease in 11 (36%) patients. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with riluzole and sorafenib was safe and tolerable in patients with advanced solid tumors. The partial response in a patient with a RAF1 fusion suggests that further exploration in a genomically selected cohort may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R. Spencer
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Daniella E. Portal
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joseph Aisner
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Mark N. Stein
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jyoti Malhotra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Weichung Shih
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nancy Chan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ann W. Silk
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Susan Goodin
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Murugesan Gounder
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Hongxia Lin
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Jiadong Li
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Robert Cerchio
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Christina Marinaro
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Janice M. Mehnert
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center of NYU Langone Health, NY 10016, USA
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14
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Koda S, Hu J, Ju X, Sun G, Shao S, Tang RX, Zheng KY, Yan J. The role of glutamate receptors in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1123841. [PMID: 36817470 PMCID: PMC9929049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1123841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, as one of the most important carbon sources in the TCA cycle, is central in metabolic processes that will subsequently influence tumor progression. Several factors can affect the expression of glutamate receptors, playing either a tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressor role in cancer. Thus, the activation of glutamate receptors by the ligand could play a role in tumor development as ample studies have demonstrated the expression of glutamate receptors in a broad range of tumor cells. Glutamate and its receptors are involved in the regulation of different immune cells' development and function, as suggested by the receptor expression in immune cells. The activation of glutamate receptors can enhance the effectiveness of the effector's T cells, or decrease the cytokine production in immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells, increasing the antitumor immune response. These receptors are essential for the interaction between tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the regulation of antitumor immune responses. Although the role of glutamate in the TCA cycle has been well studied, few studies have deeply investigated the role of glutamate receptors in the regulation of cancer and immune cells within the TME. Here, by a systematic review of the available data, we will critically assess the physiopathological relevance of glutamate receptors in the regulation of cancer and immune cells in the TME and provide some unifying hypotheses for futures research on the role of glutamate receptors in the immune modulation of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Koda
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoman Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guowei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Simin Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren-Xian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Juming Yan, ; Kui-Yang Zheng,
| | - Juming Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Juming Yan, ; Kui-Yang Zheng,
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15
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Xie Z, Wang C, Li L, Chen X, Wei G, Chi Y, Liang Y, Lan L, Hong J, Li L. lncRNA-AC130710/miR-129-5p/mGluR1 axis promote migration and invasion by activating PKCα-MAPK signal pathway in melanoma. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1612-1622. [PMID: 36329788 PMCID: PMC9579860 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis of melanoma are a series of complicated biological events regulated by multiple factors. The coregulation of many molecules involved in the development and progression of melanoma contributes to invasion and migration. mGluR1 is a metabotropic glutamate receptor that is overexpressed in melanocytes and is sufficient to induce melanoma. In our study, we found that mGluR1 was obviously increased in melanoma. Furthermore, we found that miR-129-5p could directly target and regulate mGluR1 mRNA, which was significantly reduced in A375 cells. Overexpression of miR-129-5p inhibited cell migration, invasion and clonal formation. lncRNA-AC130710 directly targeted and suppressed miR-129-5p in A375 cells. Downregulation of lncRNA-AC130710 suppressed the levels of mGluR1 mRNA by promoting miR-129-5p expression and further inhibiting migration, invasion and colony formation in A375 cells, which was associated with the activation of the PKCα-MAPK signaling pathway. Taken together, our study showed that the lncRNA-AC130710/miR-129-5p/mGluR1 axis plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xie
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Guanjing Wei
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Yan Chi
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Yanping Liang
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Lizhen Lan
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Jiqiong Hong
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning 530021, PR China
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16
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Implications of a Neuronal Receptor Family, Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, in Cancer Development and Progression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182857. [PMID: 36139432 PMCID: PMC9496915 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death, and incidences are increasing globally. Simply defined, cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of a cell, and depending on the tissue of origin, the cancer etiology, biology, progression, prognosis, and treatment will differ. Carcinogenesis and its progression are associated with genetic factors that can either be inherited and/or acquired and are classified as an oncogene or tumor suppressor. Many of these genetic factors converge on common signaling pathway(s), such as the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. In this review, we will focus on the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) family, an upstream protein that transmits extracellular signals into the cell and has been shown to regulate many aspects of tumor development and progression. We explore the involvement of members of this receptor family in various cancers that include breast cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, kidney cancer, melanoma, oral cancer, osteosarcoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and T-cell cancers. Intriguingly, depending on the member, mGluRs can either be classified as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, although in general most act as an oncogene. The extensive work done to elucidate the role of mGluRs in various cancers suggests that it might be a viable strategy to therapeutically target glutamatergic signaling.
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17
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Silk AW, Saraiya B, Groisberg R, Chan N, Spencer K, Girda E, Shih W, Palmeri M, Saunders T, Berman RM, Coric V, Chen S, Zloza A, Vieth J, Mehnert JM, Malhotra J. A phase Ib dose-escalation study of troriluzole (BHV-4157), an oral glutamatergic signaling modulator, in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:107. [PMID: 35780243 PMCID: PMC9250196 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamate signaling activates MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways in tumor cells. Treatment with riluzole, a glutamate release inhibitor, has been previously shown to be safe in melanoma patients and produced biologic effects, but did not lead to radiographic responses, possibly due to poor pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, we conducted a phase Ib trial to determine the safety and tolerability of the combination of the riluzole prodrug troriluzole (BHV-4157, trigriluzole) and the PD-1 antibody nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. METHODS Patients with advanced or refractory solid tumors and measurable disease per RECIST 1.1 were treated with increasing doses of troriluzole using a semi-Bayesian modified toxicity probability interval dose escalation procedure. Troriluzole monotherapy was orally self-administered for a 14-day lead-in period followed by continuation of troriluzole in combination with nivolumab 240 mg IV every 2 weeks. Endpoints included safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy. RESULTS We enrolled 14 patients with advanced solid tumors (melanoma = 3, NSCLC = 3, renal cell carcinoma = 2, bladder/urothelial = 2, ovarian cancer = 1, adenoid cystic carcinoma = 1, pleural mesothelial = 1, head and neck cancer = 1). Eleven patients had cancer progression on prior therapy with PD-1 or PD-L1 agent. Patients received troriluzole total daily doses from 140 to 560 mg (divided). The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) occurring in ≥ 5 patients (> 35%) were transaminitis and increased lipase. DLT (dose-limiting toxicity) occurred in 3 patients: (1) grade 3 anorexia, (2) grade 3 fatigue and, (3) grade 3 atrial fibrillation. Six patients were treated at the MTD (maximum tolerated dose). No subjects discontinued treatment due to AEs. One response occurred (7%), which was a partial response in a subject who had PD-1 refractory disease. The 6-month PFS rate was 21%. PK data showed that the prodrug troriluzole was efficiently cleaved into riluzole by 2-h post-dosing in all dose cohorts tested. CONCLUSION The combination of troriluzole and nivolumab was safe and well-tolerated. The MTD of troriluzole was determined to be 420 mg total daily dose. The observed antitumor activity, primarily disease stabilization, is of interest in patients with PD-1 resistant tumors. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03229278.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann W Silk
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Ave, Room LW503, Boston, MA, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Biren Saraiya
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Roman Groisberg
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nancy Chan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristen Spencer
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Eugenia Girda
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Weichung Shih
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers University School of Public Health, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Chi-Square Consulting LLC, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Marisa Palmeri
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Tracie Saunders
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | - Vlad Coric
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rutgers University School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Rush University Medical Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua Vieth
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- JDRF International, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janice M Mehnert
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jyoti Malhotra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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18
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Roy SK, Ma Y, Lam BQ, Shrivastava A, Srivastav S, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Riluzole regulates pancreatic cancer cell metabolism by suppressing the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11062. [PMID: 35773307 PMCID: PMC9246955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer cells rely on aerobic glycolysis to support uncontrolled proliferation and evade apoptosis. However, pancreatic cancer cells switch to glutamine metabolism to survive under hypoxic conditions. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway induces aerobic glycolysis by activating enzymes required for glucose metabolism and regulating the expression of glutamate transporter and glutamine synthetase. The results demonstrate that riluzole inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth and has no effect on human pancreatic normal ductal epithelial cells. RNA-seq experiments identified the involvement of Wnt and metabolic pathways by riluzole. Inhibition of Wnt-β-catenin/TCF-LEF pathway by riluzole suppresses the expression of PDK, MCT1, cMyc, AXIN, and CyclinD1. Riluzole inhibits glucose transporter 2 expression, glucose uptake, lactate dehydrogenase A expression, and NAD + level. Furthermore, riluzole inhibits glutamate release and glutathione levels, and elevates reactive oxygen species. Riluzole disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis by inhibiting Bcl-2 and upregulating Bax expression, resulting in a drop of mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, riluzole inhibits pancreatic cancer growth in KPC (Pdx1-Cre, LSL-Trp53R172H, and LSL-KrasG12D) mice. In conclusion, riluzole can inhibit pancreatic cancer growth by regulating glucose and glutamine metabolisms and can be used to treat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit K Roy
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
| | - Yiming Ma
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 66128, USA
| | - Bao Q Lam
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Sudesh Srivastav
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 66128, USA
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA.
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 66128, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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19
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Hua Y, Dai X, Xu Y, Xing G, Liu H, Lu T, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Drug repositioning: Progress and challenges in drug discovery for various diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 234:114239. [PMID: 35290843 PMCID: PMC8883737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Compared with traditional de novo drug discovery, drug repurposing has become an attractive drug discovery strategy due to its low-cost and high efficiency. Through a comprehensive analysis of the candidates that have been identified with drug repositioning potentials, it is found that although some drugs do not show obvious advantages in the original indications, they may exert more obvious effects in other diseases. In addition, some drugs have a synergistic effect to exert better clinical efficacy if used in combination. Particularly, it has been confirmed that drug repositioning has benefits and values on the current public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which proved the great potential of drug repositioning. In this review, we systematically reviewed a series of representative drugs that have been repositioned for different diseases and illustrated successful cases in each disease. Especially, the mechanism of action for the representative drugs in new indications were explicitly explored for each disease, we hope this review can provide important insights for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hua
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaowen Dai
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Guomeng Xing
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Haichun Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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20
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Xiong T, He P, Zhou M, Zhong D, Yang T, He W, Xu Z, Chen Z, Liu YW, Dai SS. Glutamate blunts cell-killing effects of neutrophils in tumor microenvironment. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1955-1967. [PMID: 35363928 PMCID: PMC9207372 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first defenders of the innate system for injury and infection. They have gradually been recognized as important participants in tumor initiation and development due to their heterogeneity and plasticity. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), neutrophils can exert antitumor and protumor functions, depending on the surroundings. Tumor cells systemically alter intracellular amino acid (AA) metabolism and extracellular AA distribution to meet their proliferation need, leading to metabolic reprogramming and TME reshaping. However, the underlying mechanisms that determine how altered AAs affect neutrophils in TME are less‐explored. Here, we identified that abundant glutamate releasing from tumor cells blunted neutrophils’ cell‐killing effects toward tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrometric detection, flow cytometry, and western blot experiments proved that increased levels of pSTAT3/RAB10/ARF4, mediated by glutamate, were accompanied with immunosuppressive phenotypes of neutrophils in TME. We also discovered that riluzole, an FDA‐approved glutamate release inhibitor, significantly inhibited tumor growth by restoring neutrophils’ cell‐killing effects and decreasing glutamate secretion from tumor cells. These findings highlight the importance of tumor‐released glutamate on neutrophil transformation in TME, providing new possible cancer treatments targeting altered glutamate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Dan Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Teng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Wenhui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Zhizhen Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Zongtao Chen
- Health Management Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yang-Wuyue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
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21
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Targeting GPCRs and Their Signaling as a Therapeutic Option in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030706. [PMID: 35158973 PMCID: PMC8833576 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sixteen G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been involved in melanogenesis or melanomagenesis. Here, we review these GPCRs, their associated signaling, and therapies. Abstract G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve prominent roles in melanocyte lineage physiology, with an impact at all stages of development, as well as on mature melanocyte functions. GPCR ligands are present in the skin and regulate melanocyte homeostasis, including pigmentation. The role of GPCRs in the regulation of pigmentation and, consequently, protection against external aggression, such as ultraviolet radiation, has long been established. However, evidence of new functions of GPCRs directly in melanomagenesis has been highlighted in recent years. GPCRs are coupled, through their intracellular domains, to heterotrimeric G-proteins, which induce cellular signaling through various pathways. Such signaling modulates numerous essential cellular processes that occur during melanomagenesis, including proliferation and migration. GPCR-associated signaling in melanoma can be activated by the binding of paracrine factors to their receptors or directly by activating mutations. In this review, we present melanoma-associated alterations of GPCRs and their downstream signaling and discuss the various preclinical models used to evaluate new therapeutic approaches against GPCR activity in melanoma. Recent striking advances in our understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of GPCRs will undoubtedly broaden melanoma treatment options in the future.
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22
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Liu Z, Cheng Q, Ma X, Song M. Suppressing Effect of Na +/Ca 2+ Exchanger (NCX) Inhibitors on the Growth of Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020901. [PMID: 35055084 PMCID: PMC8780355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling in tumorigenicity has received increasing attention in melanoma research. Previous Ca2+ signaling studies focused on Ca2+ entry routes, but rarely explored the role of Ca2+ extrusion. Functioning of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) on the plasma membrane is the major way of Ca2+ extrusion, but very few associations between NCX and melanoma have been reported. Here, we explored whether pharmacological modulation of the NCX could suppress melanoma and promise new therapeutic strategies. Methods included cell viability assay, Ca2+ imaging, immunoblotting, and cell death analysis. The NCX inhibitors SN-6 and YM-244769 were used to selectively block reverse operation of the NCX. Bepridil, KB-R7943, and CB-DMB blocked either reverse or forward NCX operation. We found that blocking the reverse NCX with SN-6 or YM-244769 (5–100 μM) did not affect melanoma cells or increase cytosolic Ca2+. Bepridil, KB-R7943, and CB-DMB all significantly suppressed melanoma cells with IC50 values of 3–20 μM. Bepridil and KB-R7943 elevated intracellular Ca2+ level of melanoma. Bepridil-induced melanoma cell death came from cell cycle arrest and enhanced apoptosis, which were all attenuated by the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM. As compared with melanoma, normal melanocytes had lower NCX1 expression and were less sensitive to the cytotoxicity of bepridil. In conclusion, blockade of the forward but not the reverse NCX leads to Ca2+-related cell death in melanoma and the NCX is a potential drug target for cancer therapy.
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23
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García-Gaytán AC, Hernández-Abrego A, Díaz-Muñoz M, Méndez I. Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1029210. [PMID: 36457557 PMCID: PMC9705578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the blood. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it is a key substrate in several metabolic pathways and a primary messenger that acts through its receptors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The two main types of glutamate receptors, ionotropic and metabotropic, are well characterized in CNS and have been recently analyzed for their roles in non-neural organs. Glutamate receptor expression may be particularly important for tumor growth in organs with high concentrations of glutamate and might also influence the propensity of such tumors to set metastases in glutamate-rich organs, such as the liver. The study of glutamate transporters has also acquired relevance in the physiology and pathologies outside the CNS, especially in the field of cancer research. In this review, we address the recent findings about the expression of glutamatergic system components, such as receptors and transporters, their role in the physiology and pathology of cancer in non-neural organs, and their possible use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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24
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Blyufer A, Lhamo S, Tam C, Tariq I, Thavornwatanayong T, Mahajan SS. Riluzole: A neuroprotective drug with potential as a novel anti‑cancer agent (Review). Int J Oncol 2021; 59:95. [PMID: 34713302 PMCID: PMC8562386 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Riluzole, a glutamate release inhibitor, has been in use for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for over two decades since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration. Recently, riluzole has been evaluated in cancer cells and indicated to block cell proliferation and/or induce cell death. Riluzole has been proven effective as an anti-neoplastic drug in cancers of various tissue origins, including the skin, breast, pancreas, colon, liver, bone, brain, lung and nasopharynx. While cancer cells expressing glutamate receptors frequently respond to riluzole treatment, numerous types of cancer cell lacking glutamate receptors unexpectedly responded to riluzole treatment as well. Riluzole was demonstrated to interfere with glutamate secretion, growth signaling pathways, Ca2+ homeostasis, glutathione synthesis, reactive oxygen species generation and integrity of DNA, as well as autophagic and apoptotic pathways. Of note, riluzole is highly effective in inducing cell death in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells. Furthermore, riluzole pretreatment sensitizes glioma and melanoma to radiation therapy. In addition, in triple-negative breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma and glioblastoma, riluzole has synergistic effects in combination with select drugs. In an effort to highlight the therapeutic potential of riluzole, the current study reviewed the effect and outcome of riluzole treatment on numerous cancer types investigated thus far. The mechanism of action and the various molecular pathways affected by riluzole are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Blyufer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Sonam Lhamo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Cassey Tam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Iffat Tariq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | | | - Shahana S Mahajan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10010, USA
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25
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Brito BE, García MA, De Gouveia YM, Bolaños P, Devis S, Bernal G, Tortorici-Brito VA, Baute L, Díaz-Serrano G, Tortorici V. Concomitant Antihyperalgesic and Antitumor Effects of Gabapentin in a Murine Cancer Pain Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189671. [PMID: 34575835 PMCID: PMC8471802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer pain may be the consequence of physical nerve compression by a growing tumor. We employed a murine model to study whether gabapentin was able to regulate tumor growth, in addition to controlling hyperalgesic symptoms. A fluorescent melanoma cell line (B16-BL6/Zs green) was inoculated into the proximity of the sciatic nerve in male C57BL/6 mice. The tumor gradually compressed the nerve, causing hypersensitivity. Tumor growth was characterized via in vivo imaging techniques. Every other day, gabapentin (100 mg/Kg) or saline was IP administered to each animal. In the therapeutic protocol, gabapentin was administered once the tumor had induced increased nociception. In the preventive protocol, gabapentin was administered before the appearance of the positive signs. Additionally, in vitro experiments were performed to determine gabapentin's effects on cell-line proliferation, the secretion of the chemokine CCL2, and calcium influx. In the therapeutically treated animals, baseline responses to noxious stimuli were recovered, and tumors were significantly reduced. Similarly, gabapentin reduced tumor growth during the preventive treatment, but a relapse was noticed when the administration stopped. Gabapentin also inhibited cell proliferation, the secretion of CCL2, and calcium influx. These results suggest that gabapentin might represent a multivalent strategy to control cancer-associated events in painful tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Elena Brito
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - María Alejandra García
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - Yetsenia María De Gouveia
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - Pura Bolaños
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela;
| | - Sindy Devis
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (S.D.); (G.D.-S.)
| | - Geraldinee Bernal
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - Víctor Alejandro Tortorici-Brito
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - Leslie Baute
- Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (B.E.B.); (M.A.G.); (Y.M.D.G.); (G.B.); (V.A.T.-B.); (L.B.)
| | - Gabriel Díaz-Serrano
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (S.D.); (G.D.-S.)
| | - Víctor Tortorici
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas 1020A, Venezuela; (S.D.); (G.D.-S.)
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Departamento de Ciencias del Comportamiento, Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Metropolitana (UNIMET), Caracas 1073, Venezuela
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +58-(212)-240-3788
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Eddy K, Chen S. Glutamatergic Signaling a Therapeutic Vulnerability in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3874. [PMID: 34359771 PMCID: PMC8345431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Like other cancers, melanomas are associated with the hyperactivation of two major cell signaling cascades, the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Both pathways are activated by numerous genes implicated in the development and progression of melanomas such as mutated BRAF, RAS, and NF1. Our lab was the first to identify yet another driver of melanoma, Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 (protein: mGluR1, mouse gene: Grm1, human gene: GRM1), upstream of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Binding of glutamate, the natural ligand of mGluR1, activates MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and sets in motion the deregulated cellular responses in cell growth, cell survival, and cell metastasis. In this review, we will assess the proposed modes of action that mediate the oncogenic properties of mGluR1 in melanoma and possible application of anti-glutamatergic signaling modulator(s) as therapeutic strategy for the treatment of melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevinn Eddy
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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27
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Goldshmit Y, Perelroizen R, Yakovchuk A, Banyas E, Mayo L, David S, Benbenishty A, Blinder P, Shalom M, Ruban A. Blood glutamate scavengers increase pro-apoptotic signaling and reduce metastatic melanoma growth in-vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14644. [PMID: 34282238 PMCID: PMC8290021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of extracellular glutamate (Glu) release decreases proliferation and invasion, induces apoptosis, and inhibits melanoma metastatic abilities. Previous studies have shown that Blood-glutamate scavenging (BGS), a novel treatment approach, has been found to be beneficial in attenuating glioblastoma progression by reducing brain Glu levels. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the ability of BGS treatment to inhibit brain metastatic melanoma progression in-vivo. RET melanoma cells were implanted in C56BL/6J mice to induce brain melanoma tumors followed by treatment with BGS or vehicle administered for fourteen days. Bioluminescent imaging was conducted to evaluate tumor growth, and plasma/CSF Glu levels were monitored throughout. Immunofluorescence staining of Ki67 and 53BP1 was used to analyze tumor cell proliferation and DNA double-strand breaks. In addition, we analyzed CD8, CD68, CD206, p-STAT1 and iNOS expression to evaluate alterations in tumor micro-environment and anti-tumor immune response due to treatment. Our results show that BGS treatment reduces CSF Glu concentration and consequently melanoma growth in-vivo by decreasing tumor cell proliferation and increasing pro-apoptotic signaling in C56BL/6J mice. Furthermore, BGS treatment supported CD8+ cell recruitment and CD68+ macrophage invasion. These findings suggest that BGS can be of potential therapeutic relevance in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yona Goldshmit
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash Biotechnology, 15 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rita Perelroizen
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alex Yakovchuk
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Evgeni Banyas
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Mayo
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sari David
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amit Benbenishty
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pablo Blinder
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Neurobiology Department, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Shalom
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Angela Ruban
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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28
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Nonhomologous end-joining repair is likely involved in the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks induced by riluzole in melanoma cells. Melanoma Res 2021; 30:303-308. [PMID: 31855905 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Our group described the oncogenic potential of a normal neuronal receptor, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1/mGluR1, gene/protein), when aberrantly expressed in melanocytes led to cell transformation in vitro and spontaneous metastatic tumors in vivo. Earlier, we demonstrated the accumulation of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX), a marker for DNA damage when mGluR1-expressing melanoma cells were treated with a functional inhibitor, riluzole. The precise mechanisms on how riluzole induces DNA damage in these cells are unknown. In an attempt to begin to identify possible DNA repair pathways that may be involved in riluzole-induced DNA damage, we took advantage of specific inhibitors to two well-known DNA repair pathways, homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathways. Using flow cytometry and a fluorescent antibody to γH2AX, our results demonstrate that NHEJ is likely to be the preferred DNA repair pathway to restore DNA double-stranded breaks induced by riluzole in mGluR1-expressing melanoma cells.
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29
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Moldovan OL, Rusu A, Tanase C, Vari CE. Glutamate - A multifaceted molecule: Endogenous neurotransmitter, controversial food additive, design compound for anti-cancer drugs. A critical appraisal. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112290. [PMID: 34023459 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity of MSG and the experimental evidence that supports it. The article's primary purpose was to survey recently published data regarding the consumption of MSG within safe limits. The administered doses in animal models are very varied and have given rise to controversy. Also, the paper comprises pathways to lower MSG toxicity and highlight other underexploited biological effects, as anti-cancer potential. The administration of MSG, combined with various compounds, has been shown benefit against toxic effects. Several recent studies have identified a possible mechanism that recommends MSG and some derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents. New anti-cancer compounds based on the glutamic acid structure must be studied and further exploited. International regulations require harmonization of safe doses of MSG based on current scientific studies. Replacing MSG with other umami flavour enhancers may be a safer alternative for human health in the future. The biological consequences of MSG consumption or therapeutical administration have not been fully deciphered yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavia-Laura Moldovan
- Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Aura Rusu
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Corneliu Tanase
- Pharmaceutical Botany Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Camil-Eugen Vari
- Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
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30
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Scheau C, Draghici C, Ilie MA, Lupu M, Solomon I, Tampa M, Georgescu SR, Caruntu A, Constantin C, Neagu M, Caruntu C. Neuroendocrine Factors in Melanoma Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092277. [PMID: 34068618 PMCID: PMC8126040 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is a very aggressive and fatal malignant tumor. While curable if diagnosed in its early stages, advanced melanoma, despite the complex therapeutic approaches, is associated with one of the highest mortality rates. Hence, more and more studies have focused on mechanisms that may contribute to melanoma development and progression. Various studies suggest a role played by neuroendocrine factors which can act directly on tumor cells, modulating their proliferation and metastasis capability, or indirectly through immune or inflammatory processes that impact disease progression. However, there are still multiple areas to explore and numerous unknown features to uncover. A detailed exploration of the mechanisms by which neuroendocrine factors can influence the clinical course of the disease could open up new areas of biomedical research and may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches in melanoma. Abstract Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers with a sharp rise in incidence in the last decades, especially in young people. Recognized as a significant public health issue, melanoma is studied with increasing interest as new discoveries in molecular signaling and receptor modulation unlock innovative treatment options. Stress exposure is recognized as an important component in the immune-inflammatory interplay that can alter the progression of melanoma by regulating the release of neuroendocrine factors. Various neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines, glutamate, serotonin, or cannabinoids have also been assessed in experimental studies for their involvement in the biology of melanoma. Alpha-MSH and other neurohormones, as well as neuropeptides including substance P, CGRP, enkephalin, beta-endorphin, and even cellular and molecular agents (mast cells and nitric oxide, respectively), have all been implicated as potential factors in the development, growth, invasion, and dissemination of melanoma in a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies. In this review, we provide an overview of current evidence regarding the intricate effects of neuroendocrine factors in melanoma, including data reported in recent clinical trials, exploring the mechanisms involved, signaling pathways, and the recorded range of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Carmen Draghici
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.A.I.); (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Mihaela Adriana Ilie
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.A.I.); (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.A.I.); (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Iulia Solomon
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.A.I.); (M.L.); (I.S.)
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 076201 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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31
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Ithal D, Sukumaran SK, Bhattacharjee D, Vemula A, Nadella R, Mahadevan J, Sud R, Viswanath B, Purushottam M, Jain S. Exome hits demystified: The next frontier. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 59:102640. [PMID: 33892377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have complex inheritance patterns, involving both common and rare variants. Whole exome sequencing is a promising approach to find out the rare genetic variants. We had previously reported several rare variants in multiplex families with severe mental illnesses. The current article tries to summarise the biological processes and pattern of expression of genes harbouring the aforementioned variants, linking them to known clinical manifestations through a methodical narrative review. Of the 28 genes considered for this review from 7 families with multiple affected individuals, 6 genes are implicated in various neuropsychiatric manifestations including some variations in the brain morphology assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Another 15 genes, though associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations, did not have established brain morphological changes whereas the remaining 7 genes did not have any previously recorded neuropsychiatric manifestations at all. Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway was associated with 6 of these genes and PI3K/AKT, calcium signaling, ERK, RhoA and notch signaling pathways had at least 2 gene associations. We present a comprehensive review of biological and clinical knowledge about the genes previously reported in multiplex families with severe mental illness. A 'disease in dish approach' can be helpful to further explore the fundamental mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva Ithal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Salil K Sukumaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alekhya Vemula
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Nadella
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reeteka Sud
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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32
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Prokopi A, Tripp CH, Tummers B, Hornsteiner F, Spoeck S, Crawford JC, Clements DR, Efremova M, Hutter K, Bellmann L, Cappellano G, Cadilha BL, Kobold S, Boon L, Ortner D, Trajanoski Z, Chen S, de Gruijl TD, Idoyaga J, Green DR, Stoitzner P. Skin dendritic cells in melanoma are key for successful checkpoint blockade therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-000832. [PMID: 33408092 PMCID: PMC7789456 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has shown impressive results in patients with melanoma, but still many do not benefit from this line of treatment. A lack of tumor-infiltrating T cells is a common reason for therapy failure but also a loss of intratumoral dendritic cells (DCs) has been described. METHODS We used the transgenic tg(Grm1)EPv melanoma mouse strain that develops spontaneous, slow-growing tumors to perform immunological analysis during tumor progression. With flow cytometry, the frequencies of DCs and T cells at different tumor stages and the expression of the inhibitory molecules programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) on T cells were analyzed. This was complemented with RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis to investigate the immune status of the tumors. To boost DC numbers and function, we administered Fms-related tyrosine 3 ligand (Flt3L) plus an adjuvant mix of polyI:C and anti-CD40. To enhance T cell function, we tested several checkpoint blockade antibodies. Immunological alterations were characterized in tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes (LNs) by flow cytometry, CyTOF, microarray and RT-qPCR to understand how immune cells can control tumor growth. The specific role of migratory skin DCs was investigated by coculture of sorted DC subsets with melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells. RESULTS Our study revealed that tumor progression is characterized by upregulation of checkpoint molecules and a gradual loss of the dermal conventional DC (cDC) 2 subset. Monotherapy with checkpoint blockade could not restore antitumor immunity, whereas boosting DC numbers and activation increased tumor immunogenicity. This was reflected by higher numbers of activated cDC1 and cDC2 as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in treated tumors. At the same time, the DC boost approach reinforced migratory dermal DC subsets to prime gp100-specific CD8+ T cells in tumor-draining LNs that expressed PD-1/TIM-3 and produced interferon γ (IFNγ)/tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). As a consequence, the combination of the DC boost with antibodies against PD-1 and TIM-3 released the brake from T cells, leading to improved function within the tumors and delayed tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Our results set forth the importance of skin DC in cancer immunotherapy, and demonstrates that restoring DC function is key to enhancing tumor immunogenicity and subsequently responsiveness to checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Prokopi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph H Tripp
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bart Tummers
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Florian Hornsteiner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sarah Spoeck
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jeremy Chase Crawford
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Derek R Clements
- Department of Micobiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mirjana Efremova
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Hutter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lydia Bellmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bruno L Cadilha
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Ortner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Suzie Chen
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy and Rutgers Cancer Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Department of Micobiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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33
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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 is associated with unfavorable prognosis in ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22292. [PMID: 33339858 PMCID: PMC7749122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
New therapies are an urgent medical need in all breast cancer subgroups. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) is suggested as a potential new molecular target. We examined the prevalence mGluR1 expression in different clinically relevant breast cancer subgroups and determined its association with prognosis. In this retrospective cohort, 394 consecutive primary breast cancer tissues were incorporated into a tissue microarray and immunohistochemically stained for mGluR1. The prevalence of mGluR1 protein expression in different breast cancer subgroups was evaluated and correlated with metastasis-free survival (MFS) and overall survival (OS). In total, 56% (n = 219) breast cancer tissues had mGluR1 expression. In estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors, 31% (n = 18/58) had mGluR1 expression that was significantly associated with MFS (HR 5.00, 95% CI 1.03–24.35, p = 0.046) in multivariate analysis, independently from other prognostic factors. Of the 44 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), 25% (n = 11) expressed mGluR1. mGluR1 expression in TNBC was significantly associated with shorter MFS (HR 8.60, 95% CI 1.06–20.39, p = 0.044) and with poor OS (HR 16.07, 95% CI 1.16–223.10, p = 0.039). In conclusion, mGluR1 is frequently expressed in breast cancer. In ER-negative breast cancer and in TNBC mGluR1 protein expression is an unfavorable prognostic marker. This study provides rationale to explore mGluR1 as a novel target for breast cancer treatment, especially for the more aggressive TNBC.
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34
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Eddy K, Chen S. Overcoming Immune Evasion in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8984. [PMID: 33256089 PMCID: PMC7730443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from transformed melanocytes. It is crucial to identify melanoma at its early stages, in situ, as it is "curable" at this stage. However, after metastasis, it is difficult to treat and the five-year survival is only 25%. In recent years, a better understanding of the etiology of melanoma and its progression has made it possible for the development of targeted therapeutics, such as vemurafenib and immunotherapies, to treat advanced melanomas. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that mediate melanoma development and progression, with a special focus on the immune evasion strategies utilized by melanomas, to evade host immune surveillances. The proposed mechanism of action and the roles of immunotherapeutic agents, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab, adoptive T- cell therapy plus T-VEC in the treatment of advanced melanoma are discussed. In this review, we implore that a better understanding of the steps that mediate melanoma onset and progression, immune evasion strategies exploited by these tumor cells, and the identification of biomarkers to predict treatment response are critical in the design of improved strategies to improve clinical outcomes for patients with this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevinn Eddy
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Graduate Studies Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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35
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Wan Y, Long J, Gao H, Tang Z. 2-Aminothiazole: A privileged scaffold for the discovery of anti-cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112953. [PMID: 33148490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been the second heath killer being next only to cardiovascular diseases in human society. Although many efforts have been taken for cancer therapy and many achievements have been yielded in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, the current first-line anti-cancer agents are insufficient owing to the emergence of multi-drug resistance and side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new anti-cancer agents with high activity and low toxicity. 2-Aminothiazole is a class of important scaffold which widely distributes in many natural and synthetic compounds with many pharmacological effects including the potential anti-cancer activity. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of 2-aminothiazole as a privileged scaffold for the discovery of anti-cancer agents based on biological targets, such as tubulin protein, histone acetylase/histone deacetylase (HAT/HDAC), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks), Src/Abl kinase, BRAF kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase and sphingosine kinase (SphK), and also investigated the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of most compounds. It is believed that this review could be helpful for medicinal chemists in the discovery of more anti-cancer agents bearing 2-aminothiazole scaffold with excellent activity and high therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China.
| | - Jiabing Long
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
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Mollazadeh H, Mohtashami E, Mousavi SH, Soukhtanloo M, Vahedi MM, Hosseini A, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Deciphering the Role of Glutamate Signaling in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Current Therapeutic Modalities and Future Directions. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4777-4788. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200603132456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the most popular intrinsic neoplasm throughout the brain, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is resistant
to existing therapies. Due to its invasive nature, GBM shows a poor prognosis despite aggressive surgery
and chemoradiation. Therefore, identifying and understanding the critical molecules of GBM can help develop
new therapeutic strategies. Glutamatergic signaling dysfunction has been well documented in neurodegenerative
diseases as well as in GBM. Inhibition of glutamate receptor activation or extracellular glutamate release by specific
antagonists inhibits cell development, invasion, and migration and contributes to apoptosis and autophagy in
GBM cells. This review outlines the current knowledge of glutamate signaling involvement and current therapeutic
modalities for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohtashami
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed H. Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R. Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Metabolic Signaling Cascades Prompted by Glutaminolysis in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092624. [PMID: 32937954 PMCID: PMC7565600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Within the last few years, accumulating evidences suggest the involvement of altered metabolisms in human diseases including cancer. Metabolism is defined as the sum of biochemical processes in living organisms that produce and consume energy. Tumor growth requires restructuring of cellular metabolism to meet the increasing demand for building blocks to support the ever-increasing cancer cell numbers. The principle of perturbed metabolism in tumors is known for 50–60 years, it regains greater appreciation within the last few years with the realization that there is interdependency between metabolism and all aspects of cellular function including regulation and control of cell growth. Tumor cells do not need stimulation signals from the surrounding environment to promote cell proliferation; in some cases, the tumor cells can generate their own growth signals. In order to support the continuous tumor cell growth even under stressful conditions, a change in metabolism is necessary to fulfill the continuous demand for energy and building blocks. A better understanding of the relationship between tumor environment and altered cell metabolisms will provide valuable insights to design innovative approaches to limit the supply of energy and macromolecules for the treatment of cancer including melanoma. Abstract Aberrant glutamatergic signaling has been implicated in altered metabolic activity and the demand to synthesize biomass in several types of cancer including melanoma. In the last decade, there has been a significant contribution to our understanding of metabolic pathways. An increasing number of studies are now emphasizing the importance of glutamate functioning as a signaling molecule and a building block for cancer progression. To that end, our group has previously illustrated the role of glutamatergic signaling mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) in neoplastic transformation of melanocytes in vitro and spontaneous development of metastatic melanoma in vivo. Glutamate, the natural ligand of GRM1, is one of the most abundant amino acids in humans and the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Elevated levels of glutaminolytic mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, especially glutamate, have been reported in numerous cancer cells. Herein, we highlight and critically review metabolic bottlenecks that are prevalent during tumor evolution along with therapeutic implications of limiting glutamate bioavailability in tumors.
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Xu Q, Liu C, Zang J, Gao S, Chou CJ, Zhang Y. Discovery of a Novel Hybrid of Vorinostat and Riluzole as a Potent Antitumor Agent. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:454. [PMID: 32760715 PMCID: PMC7375020 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) was the first approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor in a group of validated cancer therapeutic agents targeting epigenetics. Riluzole is a drug used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the antitumor potency of which has been recently revealed. Herein, a novel hybrid of vorinostat and riluzole (compound 1) was rationally designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Compared with vorinostat, compound 1 exhibited superior total HDAC inhibitory activity and similar HDAC isoform selective profiles. The intracellular HDAC inhibition of compound 1 was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Moreover, compound 1 possessed more potent in vitro antiproliferative activity against all tested solid and hematological tumor cell lines than vorinostat. In vitro metabolic stability evaluation of compound 1 revealed better human plasma stability and comparable human liver microsomal stability than vorinostat. Additionally, compound 1 demonstrated more significant in vivo antitumor activity in a MDA-MB-231 xenograft model than vorinostat, which could be attributed to its superior in vitro antiproliferative activity and metabolic stability. Taken together, the results presented here support further research and development of compound 1 as a promising antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifu Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - C James Chou
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Cucchiara F, Pasqualetti F, Giorgi FS, Danesi R, Bocci G. Epileptogenesis and oncogenesis: An antineoplastic role for antiepileptic drugs in brain tumours? Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104786. [PMID: 32278037 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The first description of epileptic seizures due to brain tumours occurred in 19th century. Nevertheless, after over one hundred years, scientific literature is still lacking on how epilepsy and its treatment can affect tumour burden, progression and clinical outcomes. In patients with brain tumours, epilepsy dramatically impacts their quality of life (QoL). Even antiepileptic therapy seems to affect tumor lesion development. Numerous studies suggest that certain actors involved in epileptogenesis (inflammatory changes, glutamate and its ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, GABA-A and its GABA-AR receptor, as well as certain ligand- and voltage-gated ion channel) may also contribute to tumorigenesis. Although some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are known operating on such mechanisms underlying epilepsy and tumor development, few preclinical and clinical studies have tried to investigate them as targets of pharmacological tools acting to control both phenomena. The primary aim of this review is to summarize known determinants and pathophysiological mechanisms of seizures, as well as of cell growth and spread, in patients with brain tumors. Therefore, a special focus will be provided on the anticancer effects of commonly prescribed AEDs (including levetiracetam, valproic acid, oxcarbazepine and others), with an overview of both preclinical and clinical data. Potential clinical applications of this finding are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cucchiara
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- U.O. Radioterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Università di Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Scuola di Specializzazione in Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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40
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Silva VM, Gomes JA, Tenório LPG, de Omena Neta GC, da Costa Paixão K, Duarte AKF, da Silva GCB, Ferreira RJS, Koike BDV, de Sales Marques C, da Silva Miguel RD, de Queiroz AC, Pereira LX, de Carvalho Fraga CA. Schwann cell reprogramming and lung cancer progression: a meta-analysis of transcriptome data. Oncotarget 2019; 10:7288-7307. [PMID: 31921388 PMCID: PMC6944448 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells were identified in the tumor surrounding area prior to initiate the invasion process underlying connective tissue. These cells promote cancer invasion through direct contact, while paracrine signaling and matrix remodeling are not sufficient to proceed. Considering the intertwined structure of signaling, regulatory, and metabolic processes within a cell, we employed a genome-scale biomolecular network. Accordingly, a meta-analysis of Schwann cells associated transcriptomic datasets was performed, and the core information on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was obtained by statistical analyses. Gene set over-representation analyses was performed on core DEGs to identify significantly functional and pathway enrichment analysis between Schwann cells and, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). DEGs were further integrated with genome-scale human biomolecular networks. miRNAs were proposed by the reconstruction of a transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory network. Moreover, microarray-based transcriptome profiling was performed, and the prognostic power of selected dedifferentiated Schwann cell biomolecules was predicted. We observed that pathways associated with Schwann cells dedifferentiation was overexpressed in lung cancer samples. However, genes associated with Schwann cells migration inhibition system were downregulated. Besides, miRNA targeting those pathways were also deregulated. In this study, we report valuable data for further experimental and clinical analysis, because the proposed biomolecules have significant potential as systems biomarkers for screening or for therapeutic purposes in perineural invasion of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Alves Gomes
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Del Vechio Koike
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Brazil
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Metabolic Remodelling: An Accomplice for New Therapeutic Strategies to Fight Lung Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120603. [PMID: 31795465 PMCID: PMC6943435 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodelling is a hallmark of cancer, however little has been unravelled in its role in chemoresistance, which is a major hurdle to cancer control. Lung cancer is a leading cause of death by cancer, mainly due to the diagnosis at an advanced stage and to the development of resistance to therapy. Targeted therapeutic agents combined with comprehensive drugs are commonly used to treat lung cancer. However, resistance mechanisms are difficult to avoid. In this review, we will address some of those therapeutic regimens, resistance mechanisms that are eventually developed by lung cancer cells, metabolic alterations that have already been described in lung cancer and putative new therapeutic strategies, and the integration of conventional drugs and genetic and metabolic-targeted therapies. The oxidative stress is pivotal in this whole network. A better understanding of cancer cell metabolism and molecular adaptations underlying resistance mechanisms will provide clues to design new therapeutic strategies, including the combination of chemotherapeutic and targeted agents, considering metabolic intervenients. As cancer cells undergo a constant metabolic adaptive drift, therapeutic regimens must constantly adapt.
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Yi H, Talmon G, Wang J. Glutamate in cancers: from metabolism to signaling. J Biomed Res 2019; 34:260-270. [PMID: 32594024 PMCID: PMC7386414 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.34.20190037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine and glutamate are major bioenergy substrates for normal and cancer cell growth. Cancer cells need more biofuel than normal tissues for energy supply, anti-oxidation activity and biomass production. Genes related to metabolic chains in many cancers are somehow mutated, which makes cancer cells more glutamate dependent. Meanwhile, glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter for conducting signals through binding with different types of receptors in central neuron system. Interestingly, increasing evidences have shown involvement of glutamate signaling, guided through their receptors, in human malignancy. Dysregulation of glutamate transporters, such as excitatory amino acid transporter and cystine/glutamate antiporter system, also generates excessive extracellular glutamate, which in turn, activates glutamate receptors on cancer cells and results in malignant growth. These features make glutamate an attractive target for anti-cancer drug development with some glutamate targeted but blood brain barrier impermeable anti-psychosis drugs under consideration. We discussed the relevant progressions and drawbacks in this field herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Yi
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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de Jel MM, Schott M, Lamm S, Neuhuber W, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Loss of CYLD accelerates melanoma development and progression in the Tg(Grm1) melanoma mouse model. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:56. [PMID: 31591386 PMCID: PMC6779913 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) is a well-known tumor suppressor, found to be down regulated in many cancer types including breast cancer, colon carcinoma and malignant melanoma. CYLD is suppressed in human melanoma cells by the transcriptional repressor SNAIL1 leading to an increase of their proliferative, invasive and migratory potential. To gain additional insights into the distinct function of this tumor suppressor gene a new mouse model Tg(Grm1)Cyld-/- was generated. Herewith, we demonstrate that Cyld-deficiency leads to earlier melanoma onset and accelerated tumor growth and metastasis in the GRM1 melanoma mouse model. First, RNA sequencing data revealed a potential role of CYLD in the regulation of genes involved in proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Experiments using cell lines generated from both primary and metastatic melanoma tissue of Tg(Grm1) Cyld-/- and Tg(Grm1) Cyld+/+ mice confirmed that loss of CYLD enhances the proliferative and migratory potential, as well as the clonogenicity in vitro. Moreover, we could show that Cyld-knockout leads to increased vasculogenic mimicry and enhanced (lymph-) angiogenesis shown by tube formation assays, immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression analyses. In summary, our findings reveal new functional aspects of CYLD in the process of (lymph-) angiogenesis and demonstrate its importance in the early process of melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Martha de Jel
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mandy Schott
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lamm
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Winfried Neuhuber
- Institute for Anatomy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Xie L, Hanyu M, Fujinaga M, Zhang Y, Hu K, Minegishi K, Jiang C, Kurosawa F, Morokoshi Y, Li HK, Hasegawa S, Nagatsu K, Zhang MR. 131I-IITM and 211At-AITM: Two Novel Small-Molecule Radiopharmaceuticals Targeting Oncoprotein Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:242-248. [PMID: 31451486 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.230946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) targeting oncoproteins facilitates the delivery of therapeutic radionuclides to tumor tissues with high precision. Herein, we developed 2 new radiopharmaceuticals, 4-131I-iodo- and 4-211At-astato-N-[4-(6-(isopropylamino)pyridine-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methylbenzamide (131I-IITM and 211At-AITM), targeting the ectopic metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) in melanomas for TRT studies. Methods: 131I-IITM and 211At-AITM were synthesized by reacting a stannyl precursor with 131I-NaI and 211At in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The therapeutic efficacy and safety of the 2 radiopharmaceuticals were investigated using mGluR1-expressing B16F10 melanoma cells and melanoma-bearing mice. Results: 131I-IITM and 211At-AITM were obtained with a radiochemical purity of greater than 99% and radiochemical yields of 42.7% ± 10.4% and 45.7% ± 6.5%, respectively, based on the total radioactivity of used radionuclides. 131I-IITM and 211At-AITM exhibited a maximum uptake of 4.66% ± 0.70 and 7.68% ± 0.71 percentage injected dose per gram (%ID/g) in the targeted melanomas, respectively, and were rapidly cleared from nontarget organs after intravenous injection. Both agents markedly inhibited melanoma growth compared with the controls (61.00% and 95.68%, respectively). In the melanoma model, considerably greater therapeutic efficacy with negligible toxicity was observed using 211At-AITM. Conclusion: The nontoxic radiopharmaceuticals 131I-IITM and 211At-AITM are useful high-precision TRT agents that can be used to target the oncoprotein mGluR1 for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanyu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Minegishi
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fuki Kurosawa
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; and
| | - Yukie Morokoshi
- Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; and
| | - Huizi Keiko Li
- Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; and.,The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumitaka Hasegawa
- Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; and
| | - Kotaro Nagatsu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Feuerer L, Lamm S, Henz I, Kappelmann-Fenzl M, Haferkamp S, Meierjohann S, Hellerbrand C, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Role of melanoma inhibitory activity in melanocyte senescence. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019; 32:777-791. [PMID: 31172672 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The protein melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) is known to be expressed in melanoma and to support melanoma progression. Interestingly, previous studies also observed the expression of MIA in nevi. Concentrating on these findings, we revealed that MIA expression is correlated with a senescent state in melanocytes. Induction of replicative or oncogene-induced senescence resulted in increased MIA expression in vitro. Notably, MIA knockdown in senescent melanocytes reduced the percentage of senescence-associated beta-Gal-positive cells and enhanced proliferation. Using the melanoma mouse model Tg(Grm1), MIA-deficient mice supported the impact of MIA on senescence by showing a significantly earlier tumor onset compared to controls. In melanocytes, MIA knockdown led to a downregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, after induction of hTERT in human melanoma cells, p21 regulation by MIA was lost. In summary, our data show for the first time that MIA is a regulator of cellular senescence in human and murine melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Feuerer
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lamm
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ingmar Henz
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melanie Kappelmann-Fenzl
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Haferkamp
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Emil Fischer Center, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
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46
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Li YT, Jin X, Tang L, Lv WL, Xiao MM, Zhang ZY, Gao C, Zhang GJ. Receptor-Mediated Field Effect Transistor Biosensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Glutamate Release from Primary Hippocampal Neurons. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8229-8236. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Meng-Meng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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Khan AJ, LaCava S, Mehta M, Schiff D, Thandoni A, Jhawar S, Danish S, Haffty BG, Chen S. The glutamate release inhibitor riluzole increases DNA damage and enhances cytotoxicity in human glioma cells, in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2824-2834. [PMID: 31073373 PMCID: PMC6497458 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-grade gliomas are lethal malignancies that cause morbidity and mortality due to local progression rather than metastatic spread. Our group has previously demonstrated that human GRM1 (hGRM1) is ectopically expressed in melanocytes leading to a transformed phenotype. Riluzole, a glutamate release inhibitor, leads to apoptotic cell death via DNA damage. Recent work has demonstrated the pathological significance of the related mGluR3/GRM3 (protein or gene: hGRM3) in gliomas. We evaluated the effect of riluzole on glioma cells. Experimental Design Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence was performed to assess for GRM3 expression in commercially available and patient-derived glioma cells and for functional analysis of GRM3 using receptor agonist/antagonists and downstream effectors, ERK and AKT phosphorylation, as the read-out. Glutamate secretion by glioma cells was measured using ELISA. Flank and intracranial mouse xenograft models were used to assess growth delay with the glutamate release inhibitor, riluzole (RIL). Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate 53BP1 or γ-H2AX foci after RIL. Results GRM3 was expressed in most tested glioma samples, and strongly expressed in some. Glioma cells were found to secrete glutamate in the extracellular space and to respond to receptor stimulation by activating downstream ERK. This signaling was abrogated by pretreatment with RIL. Treatment with RIL caused an increase in DNA damage markers, and an increase in cellular cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions We have demonstrated that pretreatment with the glutamate-release inhibitor riluzole sensitizes glioma cells to radiation and leads to greater cytotoxicity; these results have clinical implications for patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif J Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Stephanie LaCava
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.,Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Monal Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Devora Schiff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Aditya Thandoni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Sachin Jhawar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Shabbar Danish
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Bruce G Haffty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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48
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Shah R, Singh SJ, Eddy K, Filipp FV, Chen S. Concurrent Targeting of Glutaminolysis and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1 (GRM1) Reduces Glutamate Bioavailability in GRM1 + Melanoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1799-1809. [PMID: 30987979 PMCID: PMC6469683 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant glutamatergic signaling has been implicated in altered metabolic activity in many cancer types, including malignant melanoma. Previously, we have illustrated the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) in neoplastic transformation of melanocytes in vitro and spontaneous metastatic melanoma in vivo. In this study, we showed that autocrine stimulation constitutively activates the GRM1 receptor and its downstream mitogenic signaling. GRM1-activated (GRM1+) melanomas exhibited significantly increased expression of glutaminase (GLS), which catalyzes the first step in the conversion of glutamine to glutamate. In cultured GRM1+ melanoma cell lines, CB-839, a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of GLS, suppressed cell proliferation, while riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamate release, promoted apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo. Combined treatment with CB-839 and riluzole treatment proved to be superior to single-agent treatment, restricting glutamate bioavailability and leading to effective suppression of tumor cell proliferation in vitro and tumor progression in vivo. Hyperactivation of GRM1 in malignant melanoma is an oncogenic driver, which acts independently of canonical melanoma proto-oncogenes, BRAF or NRAS. Overall, these results indicate that expression of GRM1 promotes a metabolic phenotype that supports increased glutamate production and autocrine glutamatergic signaling, which can be pharmacologically targeted by decreasing glutamate bioavailability and the GLS-dependent glutamine to glutamate conversion. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that targeting glutaminolytic glutamate bioavailability is an effective therapeutic strategy for GRM1-activated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Shah
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Simar J Singh
- St. George's University, School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Kevinn Eddy
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Fabian V Filipp
- Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany.
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University München, Freising, Germany
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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49
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Participation of xCT in melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:86. [PMID: 30425240 PMCID: PMC6234219 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research group demonstrated that riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamatergic signaling reduced melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and tumor progression in vivo. The underlying mechanisms of riluzole are largely unknown. Microarray analyses on two human melanoma cell lines revealed that riluzole stimulates expression of the cystine-glutamate amino acid antiporter, xCT (SLC7A11). Western immunoblot analysis from cultured human melanoma or normal melanocytic cells showed that xCT was significantly overexpressed in most melanomas, but not normal cells. Studies using human tumor biopsy samples demonstrated that overexpression of xCT was correlated with cancer stage and progression. To further investigate if xCT is involved in melanoma cell growth, we derived several stable clones through transfection of exogenous xCT to melanoma cells that originally showed very low expression of xCT. The elevated xCT expression promoted cell proliferation in vitro and inversely, these melanoma clones showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation in response to riluzole treatment. Xenograft studies showed that these clones formed very aggressive tumors at a higher rate compared to vector controls. Conversely, treatment of xenograft-bearing animals with riluzole down-regulated xCT expression suggesting that xCT is a molecular target of riluzole. Furthermore, protein lysates from tumor biopsies of patients that participated in a riluzole monotherapy phase II clinical trial showed a reduction in xCT levels in post-treatment specimens from patients with stable disease. Taken together, our results show that xCT may be utilized as a marker to monitor patients undergoing riluzole-based chemotherapies.
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50
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Stieglitz D, Lamm S, Braig S, Feuerer L, Kuphal S, Dietrich P, Arndt S, Echtenacher B, Hellerbrand C, Karrer S, Bosserhoff AK. BMP6-induced modulation of the tumor micro-milieu. Oncogene 2018; 38:609-621. [PMID: 30171260 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer with rising incidence, creating a significant health problem. We discovered increased expression of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) in melanoma cells and tissues, and observed that BMP6 deficiency caused significantly delayed tumor onset and decelerated tumor progression in a melanoma mouse model. Moreover, we determined that BMP6 inhibits dermal mast cell recruitment and found that mast cell-derived mediators significantly reduced melanoma growth in vitro. In line with this, mast cell deficiency accelerated tumor onset and progression in a melanoma mouse model. Analysis of human melanoma tissues revealed a strong negative correlation between melanoma proliferation and mast cell infiltration. This study elucidates a novel role of BMP6-induced modulation of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stieglitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Lamm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Braig
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Feuerer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Arndt
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Echtenacher
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI) and University Medical Center of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Karrer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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