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Scheffschick A, Nenonen J, Xiang M, Winther AH, Ehrström M, Wahren-Herlenius M, Eidsmo L, Brauner H. Skin infiltrating NK cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are increased in number and display phenotypic alterations partially driven by the tumor. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168684. [PMID: 37691935 PMCID: PMC10485839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are characterized by focal infiltration of malignant T cell clones in solitary skin lesions. Many CTCL patients experience an indolent disease, but some progress to advanced disease with high fatality. We hypothesized that natural killer (NK) cells participate in local control of tumor growth in CTCL skin. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis of the density, localization, phenotype and function of NK cells in twenty-nine fresh or formalin-fixed skin biopsies from twenty-four CTCL patients and twenty-three biopsies from twenty healthy controls highlighted higher numbers of CD56+CD3- NK cells in CTCL skin. A reduced fraction of CTCL skin NK cells expressed the maturation marker CD57, the cytotoxic protein granzyme B and the activation marker CD69, indicating reduced tumor-killing abilities of the NK cells. Retained expression of immune checkpoint proteins or inhibitory proteins including PD1, TIM3, LAG3, CD73 and NKG2A and the activating receptors CD16 and NKp46 indicated maintained effector functions. Indeed, the capacity of NK cells to produce anti-tumor acting IFNγ upon PMA+ionomycin stimulation was similar in cells from CTCL and healthy skin. Co-cultures of primary human NK cells or the NK cell line NKL with CTCL cells resulted in reduced levels of granzyme B and CD69, indicating that close cellular interactions with CTCL cells induced the impaired functional NK cell phenotype. In conclusion, increased numbers of NK cells in CTCL skin exhibit a partially impaired phenotype in terms of activity. Enhancing NK cell activity with NK cell activating cytokines such as IL-15 or immune checkpoint blockade therefore represents a potential immunotherapeutic approach in CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scheffschick
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Nenonen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mengmeng Xiang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna H. Winther
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ehrström
- Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Liv Eidsmo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanna Brauner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Fregni G, Perier A, Avril MF, Caignard A. NK cells sense tumors, course of disease and treatments: Consequences for NK-based therapies. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:38-47. [PMID: 22720210 PMCID: PMC3376977 DOI: 10.4161/onci.1.1.18312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent findings on NK activation indicate that these cells are important antitumor effectors. NK cells participate in the graft-vs.-leukemia effect to control the relapse in leukemic patients transplanted with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. In various tumors, correlation between NK cell infiltrates and prognosis were reported. However, tumor-infiltrating NK cells are yet poorly characterized. We here summarize our results and the recent studies of the literature on tumor-infiltrating NK cells, and discuss the impact of these novel insights into NK cell responses against tumors for the design of NK cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fregni
- Institut Cochin-INSERM U06; CNRS UMR 804; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
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3
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Messaoudene M, Frazao A, Gavlovsky PJ, Toubert A, Dulphy N, Caignard A. Patient's Natural Killer Cells in the Era of Targeted Therapies: Role for Tumor Killers. Front Immunol 2017; 8:683. [PMID: 28659921 PMCID: PMC5466965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are potent antitumor effectors, involved in hematological malignancies and solid tumor immunosurveillance. They infiltrate various solid tumors, and their numbers are correlated with good outcome. The function of NK cells extends their lytic capacities toward tumor cells expressing stress-induced ligands, through secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines, and interactions with other immune cells. Altered NK cell function due to tumor immune escape is frequent in advanced tumors; however, strategies to release the function of NK infiltrating tumors are emerging. Recent therapies targeting specific oncogenic mutations improved the treatment of cancer patients, but patients often relapse. The actual development consists in combined therapeutic strategies including agents targeting the proliferation of tumor cells and others restorating functional antitumor immune effectors for efficient and durable efficacy of anticancer treatment. In that context, we discuss the recent results of the literature to propose hypotheses concerning the potential use of NK cells, potent antitumor cytotoxic effectors, to design novel antitumor strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Messaoudene
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandra Frazao
- INSERM U1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Jean Gavlovsky
- INSERM U1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM U1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dulphy
- INSERM U1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Anne Caignard
- INSERM U1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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4
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Transcription factor KLF2 regulates homeostatic NK cell proliferation and survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5370-5. [PMID: 27114551 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521491113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that recognize and lyse virally infected or transformed cells. This latter property is being pursued in clinics to treat leukemia with the hope that further breakthroughs in NK cell biology can extend treatments to other cancers. At issue is the ability to expand transferred NK cells and prolong their functionality within the context of a tumor. In terms of NK cell expansion and survival, we now report that Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a key transcription factor that underpins both of these events. Excision of Klf2 using gene-targeted mouse models promotes spontaneous proliferation of immature NK cells in peripheral tissues, a phenotype that is replicated under ex vivo conditions. Moreover, KLF2 imprints a homeostatic migration pattern on mature NK cells that allows these cells to access IL-15-rich microenvironments. KLF2 accomplishes this feat within the mature NK cell lineage via regulation of a subset of homing receptors that respond to homeostatic ligands while leaving constitutively expressed receptors that recognize inflammatory cytokines unperturbed. Under steady-state conditions, KLF2-deficient NK cells alter their expression of homeostatic homing receptors and subsequently undergo apoptosis due to IL-15 starvation. This novel mechanism has implications regarding NK cell contraction following the termination of immune responses including the possibility that retention of an IL-15 transpresenting support system is key to extending NK cell activity in a tumor environment.
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5
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Azzi S, Gallerne C, Romei C, Le Coz V, Gangemi R, Khawam K, Devocelle A, Gu Y, Bruno S, Ferrini S, Chouaib S, Eid P, Azzarone B, Giron-Michel J. Human Renal Normal, Tumoral, and Cancer Stem Cells Express Membrane-Bound Interleukin-15 Isoforms Displaying Different Functions. Neoplasia 2016; 17:509-17. [PMID: 26152359 PMCID: PMC4719000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrarenal interleukin-15 (IL-15) participates to renal pathophysiology, but the role of its different membrane-bound isoforms remains to be elucidated. In this study, we reassess the biology of membrane-bound IL-15 (mb-IL-15) isoforms by comparing primary cultures of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTEC) to peritumoral (ptumTEC), tumoral (RCC), and cancer stem cells (CSC/CD105+). RPTEC express a 14 to 16 kDa mb-IL-15, whose existence has been assumed but never formally demonstrated and likely represents the isoform anchored at the cell membrane through the IL-15 receptor α (IL-15Rα) chain, because it is sensitive to acidic treatment and is not competent to deliver a reverse signal. By contrast, ptumTEC, RCC, and CSC express a novel N-hyperglycosylated, short-lived transmembrane mb-IL-15 (tmb-IL-15) isoform around 27 kDa, resistant to acidic shock, delivering a reverse signal in response to its soluble receptor (sIL-15Rα). This reverse signal triggers the down-regulation of the tumor suppressor gene E-cadherin in ptumTEC and RCC but not in CSC/CD105+, where it promotes survival. Indeed, through the AKT pathway, tmb-IL-15 protects CSC/CD105+ from non-programmed cell death induced by serum starvation. Finally, both mb-IL-15 and tmb-IL-15 are sensitive to metalloproteases, and the cleaved tmb-IL-15 (25 kDa) displays a powerful anti-apoptotic effect on human hematopoietic cells. Overall, our data indicate that both mb-IL-15 and tmb-IL-15 isoforms play a complex role in renal pathophysiology downregulating E-cadherin and favoring cell survival. Moreover, “apparently normal” ptumTEC cells, sharing different properties with RCC, could contribute to organize an enlarged peritumoral “preneoplastic” environment committed to favor tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Azzi
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Cindy Gallerne
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Cristina Romei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincent Le Coz
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Rosaria Gangemi
- Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa, Italy
| | - Krystel Khawam
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Aurore Devocelle
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology and Department of Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, Genoa, Italy
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 753, Université de Paris-Sud, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Eid
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France
| | - Bruno Azzarone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Julien Giron-Michel
- INSERM UMR 1014, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Paris 11), Orsay, France.
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6
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Gati A, Kouidhi S, Marrakchi R, El Gaaied A, Kourda N, Derouiche A, Chebil M, Caignard A, Perier A. Obesity and renal cancer: Role of adipokines in the tumor-immune system conflict. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e27810. [PMID: 24804162 PMCID: PMC4010540 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies link obesity, as measured by increased body mass index (BMI) to the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as to the cancer-related mortality of RCC patients. RCC is the third cancer most robustly associated with increased BMI. Understanding the role of the adipose tissue in renal carcinogenesis is therefore of major importance for the development of novel paradigms of RCC prevention and treatment. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the impact of obesity on the development and progression of RCC as well as the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones (adipokines) in the conflict between growing tumors and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Gati
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kouidhi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Marrakchi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel El Gaaied
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kourda
- Service d'histopathologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed Chebil
- Service d'Urologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anne Caignard
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Perier
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
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7
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Gillgrass A, Ashkar A. Stimulating natural killer cells to protect against cancer: recent developments. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 7:367-82. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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8
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Giron-Michel J, Azzi S, Ferrini S, Chouaib S, Camussi G, Eid P, Azzarone B. Interleukin-15 is a major regulator of the cell-microenvironment interactions in human renal homeostasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 24:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Interleukin-15 is a major regulator of the cell-microenvironment interactions in human renal cancer. Bull Cancer 2011; 98:32-9. [PMID: 21609895 DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2011.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Primary human epithelial renal cells of normal (HRE), paratumoral (pTEC) and tumoral (RCC) origin display important differences, concerning the expression and biological effects of the IL-15/IL-15R system that deeply influences the evolution of the tumour microenvironment. A major distinguishing feature is represented in RCC and pTEC by the loss of the γc chain leading to the assembly of a IL-15Rαβ heterodimer that in response to physiologic concentrations of IL-15 initiates the process of their epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast, this treatment in HRE cells, which display the IL-15Rαβγc heterotrimer, causes opposite effects inhibiting their drift towards EMT. Thus, IL-15 at physiologic concentrations displays novel functions acting as a major regulator of renal epithelial homeostasis. As second distinguishing feature, RCC and pTEC but not HRE cells express a trans-membrane-bound IL-15 (tmb-IL-15) able to deliver a reverse signal in response to the soluble IL-15Rα chain inducing their EMT. In conclusion, comparison of primary normal (HRE) to primary pathological cells (pTEC and RCC) highlights two major issues: (1) IL-15 is a major regulator of epithelial homeostasis; (2) "apparently normal" pTEC cells, could contribute to organize a generalized "pre-neoplastic" environment committed to favour tumour progression.
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10
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Mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau gene confer increased susceptibility to natural killer cells of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2011; 30:2622-32. [PMID: 21258414 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is involved in the development of sporadic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). VHL interferes with angiogenesis and also controls cell adhesion and invasion. Therapies that target VHL-controlled genes are currently being evaluated in RCC patients. RCC is a immunogenic tumor and treatment with interleukin-2 (IL2) or interferon (IFN)-α results in regression in some patients. We used two renal tumor cell lines (RCC6 and RCC4) carrying VHL loss-of-function mutations to investigate the role of mutant VHL in susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cell-mediated lysis. The RCC6 and RCC4 cell lines were transfected with the wild-type gene to restore the function of VHL. The presence of the gene in RCC cells downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and subsequently decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Relative to control transfectants and parental cells, pVHL-transfected cell lines activated resting and IL2-activated NK cells less strongly, as assessed by IFNγ secretion, NK degranulation and cell lysis. NKG2A, a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-I-specific inhibitory NK receptor, controls the lysis of tumor targets. We show that HLA-I expression in RCC-pVHL cells is stronger than that in parental and controls cells, although the expression of activating receptor NK ligands remains unchanged. Blocking NKG2A/HLA-I interactions substantially increased lysis of RCC-pVHL, but had little effect on the lysis of VHL-mutated RCC cell lines. In addition, in response to IFNα, the exponential growth of RCC-pVHL was inhibited more than that of RCC-pE cells, indicating that VHL mutations may be involved in IFNα resistance. These results indicate that a decreased expression of HLA-I molecules in mutated VHL renal tumor cells sensitizes them to NK-mediated lysis. These results suggest that combined immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic drugs may be beneficial for patients with mutated VHL.
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Holtan SG, Creedon DJ, Haluska P, Markovic SN. Cancer and Pregnancy: Parallels in Growth, Invasion, and Immune Modulation and Implications for Cancer Therapeutic Agents. Mayo Clin Proc 2009. [DOI: 10.4065/84.11.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Holtan SG, Creedon DJ, Haluska P, Markovic SN. Cancer and pregnancy: parallels in growth, invasion, and immune modulation and implications for cancer therapeutic agents. Mayo Clin Proc 2009; 84:985-1000. [PMID: 19880689 PMCID: PMC2770910 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-6196(11)60669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many proliferative, invasive, and immune tolerance mechanisms that support normal human pregnancy are also exploited by malignancies to establish a nutrient supply and evade or edit the host immune response. In addition to the shared capacity for invading through normal tissues, both cancer cells and cells of the developing placenta create a microenvironment supportive of both immunologic privilege and angiogenesis. Systemic alterations in immunity are also detectable, particularly with respect to a helper T cell type 2 polarization evident in advanced cancers and midtrimester pregnancy. This review summarizes the similarities between growth and immune privilege in cancer and pregnancy and identifies areas for further investigation. Our PubMed search strategy included combinations of terms such as immune tolerance, pregnancy, cancer, cytokines, angiogenesis, and invasion. We did not place any restrictions on publication dates. The knowledge gained from analyzing similarities and differences between the physiologic state of pregnancy and the pathologic state of cancer could lead to identification of new potential targets for cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Svetomir N. Markovic
- From the Division of Hematology (S.G.H., S.N.M.), Department of Oncology (S.G.H., P.H., S.N.M.), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (D.J.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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13
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Bo H, Wei XQ, Dong H, Zhang Y, Lv P, Liu W, Koutoulaki A, Gao XM. Elevated expression of transmembrane IL-15 in immune cells correlates with the development of murine lupus: a potential target for immunotherapy against SLE. Scand J Immunol 2009; 69:119-29. [PMID: 19170964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Presentation in trans by the Interleukin-15 receptor alpha chain (IL-15Ralpha) has been suggested as the main mechanism for IL-15 anchoring to the cell surface, but it is also evident that IL-15 can exist as a transmembrane protein. We herein demonstrate that replacement of the first 41 residues of human IL-15 (hIL-15) with Igkappa chain leader sequence resulted in secretion of most of the recombinant hIL-15 expressed in transfectant cells, thus identifying the transmembrane region of IL-15. A fusion protein (hIL-15Ralpha-Fc) between the extracellular domain of hIL-15Ralpha and the Fc fragment of IgG1 was prepared and shown to be able to bind with transmembrane IL-15 (tmIL-15). The level of tmIL-15 expression in macrophages, activated T cells and B cells from 6-month-old BXSB male mice, an animal model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), was significantly increased compared with that from BXSB females or young males. In addition, hIL-15Ralpha-Fc was able to block the T cell stimulating and anti-apoptotic effect of the tmIL-15-positive BXSB macrophages in vitro. Intravenous administration of hIL-15Ralpha-Fc reduced the titre of autoantibodies against dsDNA and also proteinuria in aged BXSB males, implying that neutralization of IL-15 activity in vivo may be an effective way of treating SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bo
- Department of Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Khawam K, Giron-Michel J, Gu Y, Perier A, Giuliani M, Caignard A, Devocelle A, Ferrini S, Fabbi M, Charpentier B, Ludwig A, Chouaib S, Azzarone B, Eid P. Human Renal Cancer Cells Express a Novel Membrane-Bound Interleukin-15 that Induces, in Response to the Soluble Interleukin-15 Receptor α Chain, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancer Res 2009; 69:1561-9. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Chemokine receptors expression and migration potential of tumor-infiltrating and peripheral-expanded Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells from renal cell carcinoma patients. J Immunother 2008; 31:313-23. [PMID: 18317356 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e3181609988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that Vdelta2 T cells infiltrate renal tumors and can be expanded as potent cytotoxic effectors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of most renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, using a structural analog of nonconventional T-cell receptor gamma9delta2 ligand, bromohydrin pyrophosphate, and interleukin-2 (IL-2). In this study, we have further investigated the differentiation status and the migration potential of circulating and tumor-infiltrating Vgamma9Vdelta2 T lymphocytes from RCC patients. The repertoire of tumor-infiltrating and peripheral Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells from RCC patients was characterized by a dominant CD27- CD45RA- subset. These effector memory Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells were efficiently expanded using bromohydrin pyrophosphate combined with IL-15, but not IL-2. In addition, peripheral Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells from RCC patients present a modified chemotactic pattern compared with donors. After ex vivo activation, peripheral expanded Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells acquire low-migration capacities toward renal cells. Tumor-infiltrating Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells migrated with higher efficiency toward primary renal tumor cells. The traffic toward tumor cells required the CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction. Altogether, these results outline that those Vgamma9Vdelta2 effectors exhibit differential migration capacities according to their localization, their differentiation status, and the tumor microenvironment parameters that may influence their use in immunotherapy.
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16
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Badoual C, Bouchaud G, Agueznay NEH, Mortier E, Hans S, Gey A, Fernani F, Peyrard S, -Puig PL, Bruneval P, Sastre X, Plet A, Garrigue-Antar L, Quintin-Colonna F, Fridman WH, Brasnu D, Jacques Y, Tartour E. The Soluble α Chain of Interleukin-15 Receptor: A Proinflammatory Molecule Associated with Tumor Progression in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancer Res 2008; 68:3907-14. [PMID: 18483276 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Badoual
- EA 4054 Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Medecine; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Singh H, Manuri PR, Olivares S, Dara N, Dawson MJ, Huls H, Hackett PB, Kohn DB, Shpall EJ, Champlin RE, Cooper LJ. Redirecting specificity of T-cell populations for CD19 using the Sleeping Beauty system. Cancer Res 2008; 68:2961-71. [PMID: 18413766 PMCID: PMC2424272 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetic modification of clinical-grade T cells is undertaken to augment function, including redirecting specificity for desired antigen. We and others have introduced a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to enable T cells to recognize lineage-specific tumor antigen, such as CD19, and early-phase human trials are currently assessing safety and feasibility. However, a significant barrier to next-generation clinical studies is developing a suitable CAR expression vector capable of genetically modifying a broad population of T cells. Transduction of T cells is relatively efficient but it requires specialized manufacture of expensive clinical grade recombinant virus. Electrotransfer of naked DNA plasmid offers a cost-effective alternative approach, but the inefficiency of transgene integration mandates ex vivo selection under cytocidal concentrations of drug to enforce expression of selection genes to achieve clinically meaningful numbers of CAR(+) T cells. We report a new approach to efficiently generating T cells with redirected specificity, introducing DNA plasmids from the Sleeping Beauty transposon/transposase system to directly express a CD19-specific CAR in memory and effector T cells without drug selection. When coupled with numerical expansion on CD19(+) artificial antigen-presenting cells, this gene transfer method results in rapid outgrowth of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells expressing CAR to redirect specificity for CD19(+) tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet Singh
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pallavi R. Manuri
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Simon Olivares
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Navid Dara
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Margaret J. Dawson
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Helen Huls
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Perry B. Hackett
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Donald B. Kohn
- Division of Research Immunology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth J. Shpall
- Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard E. Champlin
- Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laurence J.N. Cooper
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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