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Wang Z, Luo G, Li Y, Cao P. Using a deep learning prior for accelerating hyperpolarized 13C MRSI on synthetic cancer datasets. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:945-955. [PMID: 38440832 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to incorporate a deep learning prior with k-space data fidelity for accelerating hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRSI, demonstrated on synthetic cancer datasets. METHODS A two-site exchange model, derived from the Bloch equation of MR signal evolution, was firstly used in simulating training and testing data, that is, synthetic phantom datasets. Five singular maps generated from each simulated dataset were used to train a deep learning prior, which was then employed with the fidelity term to reconstruct the undersampled MRI k-space data. The proposed method was assessed on synthetic human brain tumor images (N = 33), prostate cancer images (N = 72), and mouse tumor images (N = 58) for three undersampling factors and 2.5% additive Gaussian noise. Furthermore, varied levels of Gaussian noise with SDs of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% were added on synthetic prostate cancer data, and corresponding reconstruction results were evaluated. RESULTS For quantitative evaluation, peak SNRs were approximately 32 dB, and the accuracy was generally improved for 5 to 8 dB compared with those from compressed sensing with L1-norm regularization or total variation regularization. Reasonable normalized RMS error were obtained. Our method also worked robustly against noise, even on a data with noise SD of 10%. CONCLUSION The proposed singular value decomposition + iterative deep learning model could be considered as a general framework that extended the application of deep learning MRI reconstruction to metabolic imaging. The morphology of tumors and metabolic images could be measured robustly in six times acceleration using our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojun Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanxiong Luo
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ye Li
- Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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2
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Sushentsev N, Hamm G, Flint L, Birtles D, Zakirov A, Richings J, Ling S, Tan JY, McLean MA, Ayyappan V, Horvat Menih I, Brodie C, Miller JL, Mills IG, Gnanapragasam VJ, Warren AY, Barry ST, Goodwin RJA, Barrett T, Gallagher FA. Metabolic imaging across scales reveals distinct prostate cancer phenotypes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5980. [PMID: 39013948 PMCID: PMC11252279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarised magnetic resonance imaging (HP-13C-MRI) has shown promise as a clinical tool for detecting and characterising prostate cancer. Here we use a range of spatially resolved histological techniques to identify the biological mechanisms underpinning differential [1-13C]lactate labelling between benign and malignant prostate, as well as in tumours containing cribriform and non-cribriform Gleason pattern 4 disease. Here we show that elevated hyperpolarised [1-13C]lactate signal in prostate cancer compared to the benign prostate is primarily driven by increased tumour epithelial cell density and vascularity, rather than differences in epithelial lactate concentration between tumour and normal. We also demonstrate that some tumours of the cribriform subtype may lack [1-13C]lactate labelling, which is explained by lower epithelial lactate dehydrogenase expression, higher mitochondrial pyruvate carrier density, and increased lipid abundance compared to lactate-rich non-cribriform lesions. These findings highlight the potential of combining spatial metabolic imaging tools across scales to identify clinically significant metabolic phenotypes in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy Flint
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Birtles
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aleksandr Zakirov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jack Richings
- Predictive AI & Data, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephanie Ling
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer Y Tan
- Predictive AI & Data, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vinay Ayyappan
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ines Horvat Menih
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jodi L Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincent J Gnanapragasam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard J A Goodwin
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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3
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Razavi SA, Khorsand B, Salehipour P, Hedayati M. Metabolite signature of human malignant thyroid tissue: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7184. [PMID: 38646957 PMCID: PMC11033922 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer (TC) is the predominant malignancy within the endocrine system. However, the standard method for TC diagnosis lacks the capability to identify the pathological condition of all thyroid lesions. The metabolomics approach has the potential to manage this problem by identifying differential metabolites. AIMS This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the NMR-based metabolomics studies in order to identify significant altered metabolites associated with TC. METHODS A systematic search of published literature in any language in three databases including Embase, PubMed, and Scopus was conducted. Out of 353 primary articles, 12 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review. Among these, five reports belonging to three articles were eligible for meta-analysis. The correlation coefficient of the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, a popular model in the multivariate statistical analysis of metabolomic data, was chosen for meta-analysis. The altered metabolites were chosen based on the fact that they had been found in at least three studies. RESULTS In total, 49 compounds were identified, 40 of which were metabolites. The increased metabolites in thyroid lesions compared normal samples included lactate, taurine, alanine, glutamic acid, glutamine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, tyrosine, valine, choline, glycine, and isoleucine. Lipids were the decreased compounds in thyroid lesions. Lactate and alanine were increased in malignant versus benign thyroid lesions, while, myo-inositol, scyllo-inositol, citrate, choline, and phosphocholine were found to be decreased. The meta-analysis yielded significant results for three metabolites of lactate, alanine, and citrate in malignant versus benign specimens. DISCUSSION In this study, we provided a concise summary of 12 included metabolomic studies, making it easier for future researchers to compare their results with the prior findings. CONCLUSION It appears that the field of TC metabolomics will experience notable advancement, leading to the discovery of trustworthy diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adeleh Razavi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Babak Khorsand
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Pouya Salehipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Montrazi ET, Sasson K, Agemy L, Scherz A, Frydman L. Molecular imaging of tumor metabolism: Insight from pyruvate- and glucose-based deuterium MRI studies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm8600. [PMID: 38478615 PMCID: PMC10936946 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis by metabolic MRI proposes to follow the fate of glycolytic precursors such as pyruvate or glucose, and their in vivo conversion into lactate. This study compares the 2H MRI outlooks afforded by these metabolites when targeting a pancreatic cancer model. Exogenously injected [3,3',3″-2H3]-pyruvate was visible only briefly; it generated a deuterated lactate signal throughout the body that faded after ~5 min, showing a minor concentration bias at the rims of the tumors. [6,6'-2H2]-glucose by contrast originated a lactate signal that localized clearly within the tumors, persisting for over an hour. Investigations alternating deuterated and nondeuterated glucose injections revealed correlations between the lactate generation and the glucose available at the tumor, evidencing a continuous and avid glucose consumption generating well-localized lactate signatures as driven by the Warburg effect. This is by contrast to the transient and more promiscuous pyruvate-to-lactate transformation, which seemed subject to transporter and kinetics effects. The consequences of these observations within metabolic MRI are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton T Montrazi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren Sasson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lilach Agemy
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avigdor Scherz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lucio Frydman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Sandulache VC, Kirby RP, Lai SY. Moving from conventional to adaptive risk stratification for oropharyngeal cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1287010. [PMID: 38549938 PMCID: PMC10972883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1287010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) poses a complex therapeutic dilemma for patients and oncologists alike, made worse by the epidemic increase in new cases associated with the oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). In a counterintuitive manner, the very thing which gives patients hope, the high response rate of HPV-associated OPC to conventional chemo-radiation strategies, has become one of the biggest challenges for the field as a whole. It has now become clear that for ~30-40% of patients, treatment intensity could be reduced without losing therapeutic efficacy, yet substantially diminishing the acute and lifelong morbidity resulting from conventional chemotherapy and radiation. At the same time, conventional approaches to de-escalation at a population (selected or unselected) level are hampered by a simple fact: we lack patient-specific information from individual tumors that can predict responsiveness. This results in a problematic tradeoff between the deleterious impact of de-escalation on patients with aggressive, treatment-refractory disease and the beneficial reduction in treatment-related morbidity for patients with treatment-responsive disease. True precision oncology approaches require a constant, iterative interrogation of solid tumors prior to and especially during cancer treatment in order to tailor treatment intensity to tumor biology. Whereas this approach can be deployed in hematologic diseases with some success, our ability to extend it to solid cancers with regional metastasis has been extremely limited in the curative intent setting. New developments in metabolic imaging and quantitative interrogation of circulating DNA, tumor exosomes and whole circulating tumor cells, however, provide renewed opportunities to adapt and individualize even conventional chemo-radiation strategies to diseases with highly variable biology such as OPC. In this review, we discuss opportunities to deploy developing technologies in the context of institutional and cooperative group clinical trials over the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad C. Sandulache
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Ear Nose and Throat Section (ENT), Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - R. Parker Kirby
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen Y. Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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6
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Bhatia A, Hanna J, Stuart T, Kasper KA, Clausen DM, Gutruf P. Wireless Battery-free and Fully Implantable Organ Interfaces. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2205-2280. [PMID: 38382030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Advances in soft materials, miniaturized electronics, sensors, stimulators, radios, and battery-free power supplies are resulting in a new generation of fully implantable organ interfaces that leverage volumetric reduction and soft mechanics by eliminating electrochemical power storage. This device class offers the ability to provide high-fidelity readouts of physiological processes, enables stimulation, and allows control over organs to realize new therapeutic and diagnostic paradigms. Driven by seamless integration with connected infrastructure, these devices enable personalized digital medicine. Key to advances are carefully designed material, electrophysical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic systems that form implantables with mechanical properties closely matched to the target organ to deliver functionality that supports high-fidelity sensors and stimulators. The elimination of electrochemical power supplies enables control over device operation, anywhere from acute, to lifetimes matching the target subject with physical dimensions that supports imperceptible operation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic building blocks of battery-free organ interfaces and related topics such as implantation, delivery, sterilization, and user acceptance. State of the art examples categorized by organ system and an outlook of interconnection and advanced strategies for computation leveraging the consistent power influx to elevate functionality of this device class over current battery-powered strategies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Bhatia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jessica Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tucker Stuart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kevin Albert Kasper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - David Marshall Clausen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Philipp Gutruf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program (GIDP), The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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7
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Nagana Gowda GA, Lusk JA, Pascua V. Intracellular pyruvate-lactate-alanine cycling detected using real-time nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of live cells and isolated mitochondria. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:84-93. [PMID: 38098198 PMCID: PMC10872489 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pyruvate, an end product of glycolysis, is a master fuel for cellular energy. A portion of cytosolic pyruvate is transported into mitochondria, while the remaining portion is converted reversibly into lactate and alanine. It is suggested that cytosolic lactate and alanine are transported and metabolized inside mitochondria. However, such a mechanism continues to be a topic of intense debate and investigation. As a part of gaining insight into the metabolic fate of the cytosolic lactate and alanine; in this study, the metabolism of mouse skeletal myoblast cells (C2C12) and their isolated mitochondria was probed utilizing stable isotope-labeled forms of the three glycolysis products, viz. [3-13 C1 ]pyruvate, [3-13 C1 ]lactate, and [3-13 C1 ]alanine, as substrates. The uptake and metabolism of each substrate was monitored, separately, in real-time using 1 H-13 C 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The dynamic variation of the levels of the substrates and their metabolic products were quantitated as a function of time. The results demonstrate that all three substrates were transported into mitochondria, and each substrate was metabolized to form the other two metabolites, reversibly. These results provide direct evidence for intracellular pyruvate-lactate-alanine cycling, in which lactate and alanine produced by the cytosolic pyruvate are transported into mitochondria and converted back to pyruvate. Such a mechanism suggests a role for lactate and alanine to replenish mitochondrial pyruvate, the primary source for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain. The results highlight the potential of real-time NMR spectroscopy for gaining new insights into cellular and subcellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - John A. Lusk
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Vadim Pascua
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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8
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Farah C, Mignion L, Jordan BF. Metabolic Profiling to Assess Response to Targeted and Immune Therapy in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1725. [PMID: 38339003 PMCID: PMC10855758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is currently no consensus to determine which advanced melanoma patients will benefit from targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of both, highlighting the critical need to identify early-response biomarkers to advanced melanoma therapy. The goal of this review is to provide scientific rationale to highlight the potential role of metabolic imaging to assess response to targeted and/or immune therapy in melanoma cancer. For that purpose, a brief overview of current melanoma treatments is provided. Then, current knowledge with respect to melanoma metabolism is described with an emphasis on major crosstalks between melanoma cell metabolism and signaling pathways involved in BRAF-targeted therapy as well as in immune checkpoint inhibition therapies. Finally, preclinical and clinical studies using metabolic imaging and/or profiling to assess response to melanoma treatment are summarized with a particular focus on PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging and 13C-MRS (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantale Farah
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Lionel Mignion
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bénédicte F. Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
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Takahashi AM, Sharma J, Guarin DO, Miller J, Wakimoto H, Cahill DP, Yen YF. Inductively coupled, transmit-receive coils for proton MRI and X-nucleus MRI/MRS in small animals. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE OPEN 2023; 16-17:100123. [PMID: 38046795 PMCID: PMC10691784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmro.2023.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
We report several inductively coupled RF coil designs that are very easy to construct, produce high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high spatial resolution while accommodating life support, anesthesia and monitoring in small animals. Inductively coupled surface coils were designed for hyperpolarized 13 C MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of mouse brain, with emphases on the simplicity of the circuit design, ease of use, whole-brain coverage, and high SNR. The simplest form was a resonant loop designed to crown the mouse head for a snug fit to achieve full coverage of the brain with high sensitivity when inductively coupled to a broadband pick-up coil. Here, we demonstrated the coil's performance in hyperpolarized 13 C MRSI of a normal mouse and a glioblastoma mouse model at 4.7 T. High SNR exceeding 70:1 was obtained in the brain with good spatial resolution (1.53 mm × 1.53 mm). Similar inductively coupled loop for other X-nuclei can be made very easily in a few minutes and achieve high performance, as demonstrated in 31 P spectroscopy. Similar design concept was expanded to splitable, inductively coupled volume coils for high-resolution proton MRI of marmoset at 3T and 9.4T, to easily accommodate head restraint, vital-sign monitoring, and anesthesia delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi M. Takahashi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jitendra Sharma
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Tan and Yang Center for Autism Research, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - David O. Guarin
- Polarize ApS, Frederiksberg 1808, Denmark
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Julie Miller
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel P. Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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10
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MacCulloch K, Browning A, Bedoya DOG, McBride SJ, Abdulmojeed MB, Dedesma C, Goodson BM, Rosen MS, Chekmenev EY, Yen YF, TomHon P, Theis T. Facile hyperpolarization chemistry for molecular imaging and metabolic tracking of [1- 13C]pyruvate in vivo. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE OPEN 2023; 16-17:100129. [PMID: 38090022 PMCID: PMC10715622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmro.2023.100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization chemistry based on reversible exchange of parahydrogen, also known as Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), is a particularly simple approach to attain high levels of nuclear spin hyperpolarization, which can enhance NMR and MRI signals by many orders of magnitude. SABRE has received significant attention in the scientific community since its inception because of its relative experimental simplicity and its broad applicability to a wide range of molecules, however in vivo detection of molecular probes hyperpolarized by SABRE has remained elusive. Here we describe a first demonstration of SABRE-hyperpolarized contrast detected in vivo, specifically using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. Biocompatible formulations of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate in, both, methanol-water mixtures, and ethanol-water mixtures followed by dilution with saline and catalyst filtration were prepared and injected into healthy Sprague Dawley and Wistar rats. Effective hyperpolarization-catalyst removal was performed with silica filters without major losses in hyperpolarization. Metabolic conversion of pyruvate to lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate was detected in vivo. Pyruvate-hydrate was also observed as minor byproduct. Measurements were performed on the liver and kidney at 4.7 T via time-resolved spectroscopy and chemical-shift-resolved MRI. In addition, whole-body metabolic measurements were obtained using a cryogen-free 1.5 T MRI system, illustrating the utility of combining lower-cost MRI systems with simple, low-cost hyperpolarization chemistry to develop safe, and scalable molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keilian MacCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695,USA
| | - Austin Browning
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695,USA
| | - David O. Guarin Bedoya
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J. McBride
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695,USA
| | | | - Carlos Dedesma
- Vizma Life Sciences Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Sciences and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Patrick TomHon
- Vizma Life Sciences Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695,USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Joint UNC & NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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11
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Sunassee ED, Jardim-Perassi BV, Madonna MC, Ordway B, Ramanujam N. Metabolic Imaging as a Tool to Characterize Chemoresistance and Guide Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:995-1009. [PMID: 37343066 PMCID: PMC10592445 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
After an initial response to chemotherapy, tumor relapse is frequent. This event is reflective of both the spatiotemporal heterogeneities of the tumor microenvironment as well as the evolutionary propensity of cancer cell populations to adapt to variable conditions. Because the cause of this adaptation could be genetic or epigenetic, studying phenotypic properties such as tumor metabolism is useful as it reflects molecular, cellular, and tissue-level dynamics. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the characteristic metabolic phenotype is a highly fermentative state. However, during treatment, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the metabolic landscape are highly unstable, with surviving populations taking on a variety of metabolic states. Thus, longitudinally imaging tumor metabolism provides a promising approach to inform therapeutic strategies, and to monitor treatment responses to understand and mitigate recurrence. Here we summarize some examples of the metabolic plasticity reported in TNBC following chemotherapy and review the current metabolic imaging techniques available in monitoring chemotherapy responses clinically and preclinically. The ensemble of imaging technologies we describe has distinct attributes that make them uniquely suited for a particular length scale, biological model, and/or features that can be captured. We focus on TNBC to highlight the potential of each of these technological advances in understanding evolution-based therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi D. Sunassee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Megan C. Madonna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Bryce Ordway
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nirmala Ramanujam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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12
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Patel RJS, Harlan CJ, Fuentes DT, Bankson JA. A Simulation of the Effects of Diffusion on Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]-Pyruvate Signal Evolution. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2023; 70:2905-2913. [PMID: 37097803 PMCID: PMC10538435 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3269665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging is an emerging metabolic imaging method that offers unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution for monitoring tumor metabolism in vivo. To establish robust imaging biomarkers of metabolism, we must characterize phenomena that may modulate the apparent pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate (kPL). Here, we investigate the potential effect of diffusion on pyruvate-to-lactate conversion, as failure to account for diffusion in pharmacokinetic analysis may obscure true intracellular chemical conversion rates. METHODS Changes in hyperpolarized pyruvate and lactate signal were calculated using a finite-difference time domain simulation of a two-dimensional tissue model. Signal evolution curves with intracellular kPL values from 0.02 to 1.00 s-1 were analyzed using spatially invariant one-compartment and two-compartment pharmacokinetic models. A second spatially variant simulation incorporating compartmental instantaneous mixing was fit with the same one-compartment model. RESULTS When fitting with the one-compartment model, apparent kPL underestimated intracellular kPL by approximately 50% at an intracellular kPL of 0.02 s-1. This underestimation increased for larger kPL values. However, fitting the instantaneous mixing curves showed that diffusion accounted for only a small part of this underestimation. Fitting with the two-compartment model yielded more accurate intracellular kPL values. SIGNIFICANCE This work suggests diffusion is not a significant rate-limiting factor in pyruvate-to-lactate conversion given that our model assumptions hold true. In higher order models, diffusion effects may be accounted for by a term characterizing metabolite transport. Pharmacokinetic models used to analyze hyperpolarized pyruvate signal evolution should focus on carefully selecting the analytical model for fitting rather than accounting for diffusion effects.
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13
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Deen SS, Rooney C, Shinozaki A, McGing J, Grist JT, Tyler DJ, Serrão E, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 MRI: Clinical Applications and Future Directions in Oncology. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2023; 5:e230005. [PMID: 37682052 PMCID: PMC10546364 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI (13C MRI) is a novel imaging approach that can noninvasively probe tissue metabolism in both normal and pathologic tissues. The process of hyperpolarization increases the signal acquired by several orders of magnitude, allowing injected 13C-labeled molecules and their downstream metabolites to be imaged in vivo, thus providing real-time information on kinetics. To date, the most important reaction studied with hyperpolarized 13C MRI is exchange of the hyperpolarized 13C signal from injected [1-13C]pyruvate with the resident tissue lactate pool. Recent preclinical and human studies have shown the role of several biologic factors such as the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, pyruvate transporter expression, and tissue hypoxia in generating the MRI signal from this reaction. Potential clinical applications of hyperpolarized 13C MRI in oncology include using metabolism to stratify tumors by grade, selecting therapeutic pathways based on tumor metabolic profiles, and detecting early treatment response through the imaging of shifts in metabolism that precede tumor structural changes. This review summarizes the foundations of hyperpolarized 13C MRI, presents key findings from human cancer studies, and explores the future clinical directions of the technique in oncology. Keywords: Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 MRI, Molecular Imaging, Cancer, Tissue Metabolism © RSNA, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surrin S Deen
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Catriona Rooney
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Ayaka Shinozaki
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Jordan McGing
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - James T Grist
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Damian J Tyler
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Eva Serrão
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
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14
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Chetta P, Sriram R, Zadra G. Lactate as Key Metabolite in Prostate Cancer Progression: What Are the Clinical Implications? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3473. [PMID: 37444583 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer represents the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Although androgen-receptor signaling is the major driver of the disease, evidence is accumulating that disease progression is supported by substantial metabolic changes. Alterations in de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid catabolism are consistently reported during prostate cancer development and progression in association with androgen-receptor signaling. Therefore, the term "lipogenic phenotype" is frequently used to describe the complex metabolic rewiring that occurs in prostate cancer. However, a new scenario has emerged in which lactate may play a major role. Alterations in oncogenes/tumor suppressors, androgen signaling, hypoxic conditions, and cells in the tumor microenvironment can promote aerobic glycolysis in prostate cancer cells and the release of lactate in the tumor microenvironment, favoring immune evasion and metastasis. As prostate cancer is composed of metabolically heterogenous cells, glycolytic prostate cancer cells or cancer-associated fibroblasts can also secrete lactate and create "symbiotic" interactions with oxidative prostate cancer cells via lactate shuttling to sustain disease progression. Here, we discuss the multifaceted role of lactate in prostate cancer progression, taking into account the influence of the systemic metabolic and gut microbiota. We call special attention to the clinical opportunities of imaging lactate accumulation for patient stratification and targeting lactate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Chetta
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Giorgia Zadra
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (IGM-CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy
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15
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Browning A, Macculloch K, TomHon P, Mandzhieva I, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Lehmkuhl S, Theis T. Spin dynamics of [1,2- 13C 2]pyruvate hyperpolarization by parahydrogen in reversible exchange at micro Tesla fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:16446-16458. [PMID: 37306121 PMCID: PMC10642564 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization of 13C-pyruvate via Signal Amplificaton By Reversibble Exchange (SABRE) is an important recent discovery because of both the relative simplicity of hyperpolarization and the central biological relevance of pyruvate as a biomolecular probe for in vitro or in vivo studies. Here, we analyze the [1,2-13C2]pyruvate-SABRE spin system and its field dependence theoretically and experimentally. We provide first-principles analysis of the governing 4-spin dihydride-13C2 Hamiltonian and numerical spin dynamics simulations of the 7-spin dihydride-13C2-CH3 system. The analytical and the numerical results are compared to matching systematic experiments. With these methods we unravel the observed spin state mixing of singlet states and triplet states at microTesla fields and we also analyze the dynamics during transfer from micro-Tesla field to high field for detection to understand the resulting spectra from the [1,2-13C2]pyruvate-SABRE system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Browning
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Keilian Macculloch
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Patrick TomHon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Iuliia Mandzhieva
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Sciences and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
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16
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Schmidt AB, Adelabu I, Nelson C, Nantogma S, Kiselev VG, Zaitsev M, Abdurraheem A, de Maissin H, Rosen MS, Lehmkuhl S, Appelt S, Theis T, Chekmenev EY. 13C Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Threshold Sensing of Chemical Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11121-11129. [PMID: 37172079 PMCID: PMC10257364 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables detection of chemicals and their transformations by exciting nuclear spin ensembles with a radio-frequency pulse followed by detection of the precessing spins at their characteristic frequencies. The detected frequencies report on chemical reactions in real time and the signal amplitudes scale with concentrations of products and reactants. Here, we employ Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (RASER), a quantum phenomenon producing coherent emission of 13C signals, to detect chemical transformations. The 13C signals are emitted by the negatively hyperpolarized biomolecules without external radio frequency pulses and without any background signal from other, nonhyperpolarized spins in the ensemble. Here, we studied the hydrolysis of hyperpolarized ethyl-[1-13C]acetate to hyperpolarized [1-13C]acetate, which was analyzed as a model system by conventional NMR and 13C RASER. The chemical transformation of 13C RASER-active species leads to complete and abrupt disappearance of reactant signals and delayed, abrupt reappearance of a frequency-shifted RASER signal without destroying 13C polarization. The experimentally observed "quantum" RASER threshold is supported by simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Isaiah Adelabu
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Christopher Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Shiraz Nantogma
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Valerij G. Kiselev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Maxim Zaitsev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Abubakar Abdurraheem
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Matthew S. Rosen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA 02129, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University; Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan Appelt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University; 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics – Electronic Systems (ZEA-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- Joint UNC & NC State Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Bio-sciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Sharma G, Enriquez JS, Armijo R, Wang M, Bhattacharya P, Pudakalakatti S. Enhancing Cancer Diagnosis with Real-Time Feedback: Tumor Metabolism through Hyperpolarized 1- 13C Pyruvate MRSI. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050606. [PMID: 37233647 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article discusses the potential of hyperpolarized (HP) 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) as a noninvasive technique for identifying altered metabolism in various cancer types. Hyperpolarization significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio for the identification of 13C-labeled metabolites, enabling dynamic and real-time imaging of the conversion of [1-13C] pyruvate to [1-13C] lactate and/or [1-13C] alanine. The technique has shown promise in identifying upregulated glycolysis in most cancers, as compared to normal cells, and detecting successful treatment responses at an earlier stage than multiparametric MRI in breast and prostate cancer patients. The review provides a concise overview of the applications of HP [1-13C] pyruvate MRSI in various cancer systems, highlighting its potential for use in preclinical and clinical investigations, precision medicine, and long-term studies of therapeutic response. The article also discusses emerging frontiers in the field, such as combining multiple metabolic imaging techniques with HP MRSI for a more comprehensive view of cancer metabolism, and leveraging artificial intelligence to develop real-time, actionable biomarkers for early detection, assessing aggressiveness, and interrogating the early efficacy of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - José S Enriquez
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ryan Armijo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Muxin Wang
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 75390, USA
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18
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Li N, Shi R, Li Y, Qi R, Liu F, Zhang X, Liu Z, Li Y, Guo X, Liu K, Jiang Y, Li XZ, Chen J, Liu L, Wang EG, Gao P. Phonon transition across an isotopic interface. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2382. [PMID: 37185918 PMCID: PMC10130007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Isotopic mixtures result in distinct properties of materials such as thermal conductivity and nuclear process. However, the knowledge of isotopic interface remains largely unexplored mainly due to the challenges in atomic-scale isotopic identification. Here, using electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we reveal momentum-transfer-dependent phonon behavior at the h-10BN/h-11BN isotope heterostructure with sub-unit-cell resolution. We find the phonons' energy changes gradually across the interface, featuring a wide transition regime. Phonons near the Brillouin zone center have a transition regime of ~3.34 nm, whereas phonons at the Brillouin zone boundary have a transition regime of ~1.66 nm. We propose that the isotope-induced charge effect at the interface accounts for the distinct delocalization behavior. Moreover, the variation of phonon energy between atom layers near the interface depends on both of momentum transfer and mass change. This study provides new insights into the isotopic effects in natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ruochen Shi
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ruishi Qi
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Fachen Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Zhetong Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehui Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Material Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Zheng Li
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Material Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Material Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, 523808, Dongguan, China.
- School of Physics, Shanghai University, 200444, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, 230088, Hefei, China.
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19
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Skinner JG, Topping GJ, Nagel L, Heid I, Hundshammer C, Grashei M, van Heijster FHA, Braren R, Schilling F. Spectrally selective bSSFP using off-resonant RF excitations permits high spatiotemporal resolution 3D metabolic imaging of hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]Pyruvate-to-[1- 13 C]lactate conversion. Magn Reson Med 2023. [PMID: 37093981 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a high spatiotemporal resolution 3D dynamic pulse sequence for preclinical imaging of hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate-to-[1-13 C]lactate metabolism at 7T. METHODS A standard 3D balanced SSFP (bSSFP) sequence was modified to enable alternating-frequency excitations. RF pulses with 2.33 ms duration and 900 Hz FWHM were placed off-resonance of the target metabolites, [1-13 C]pyruvate (by approximately -245 Hz) and [1-13 C]lactate (by approximately 735 Hz), to selectively excite those resonances. Relatively broad bandwidth (compared to those metabolites' chemical shift offset) permits a short TR of 6.29 ms, enabling higher spatiotemporal resolution. Bloch equation simulations of the bSSFP response profile guided the sequence parameter selection to minimize spectral contamination between metabolites and preserve magnetization over time. RESULTS Bloch equation simulations, phantom studies, and in vivo studies demonstrated that the two target resonances could be cleanly imaged without substantial bSSFP banding artifacts and with little spectral contamination between lactate and pyruvate and from pyruvate hydrate. High spatiotemporal resolution 3D images were acquired of in vivo pyruvate-lactate metabolism in healthy wild-type and endogenous pancreatic tumor-bearing mice, with 1.212 s acquisition time per single-metabolite image and (1.75 mm)3 isotropic voxels with full mouse abdomen 56 × 28 × 21 mm3 FOV and fully-sampled k-space. Kidney and tumor lactate/pyruvate ratios of two consecutive measurements in one animal, 1 h apart, were consistent. CONCLUSION Spectrally selective bSSFP using off-resonant RF excitations can provide high spatio-temporal resolution 3D dynamic images of pyruvate-lactate metabolic conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Skinner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Geoffrey J Topping
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Nagel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Heid
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hundshammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frits H A van Heijster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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20
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Xu Z, Michel KA, Walker CM, Harlan CJ, Martinez GV, Gordon JW, Chen HY, Vigneron DB, Bankson JA. Model-constrained reconstruction accelerated with Fourier-based undersampling for hyperpolarized [1- 13 C] pyruvate imaging. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1481-1495. [PMID: 36468638 PMCID: PMC9892212 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Model-constrained reconstruction with Fourier-based undersampling (MoReFUn) is introduced to accelerate the acquisition of dynamic MRI using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]-pyruvate. METHODS The MoReFUn method resolves spatial aliasing using constraints introduced by a pharmacokinetic model that describes the signal evolution of both pyruvate and lactate. Acceleration was evaluated on three single-channel data sets: a numerical digital phantom that is used to validate the accuracy of reconstruction and model parameter restoration under various SNR and undersampling ratios, prospectively and retrospectively sampled data of an in vitro dynamic multispectral phantom, and retrospectively undersampled imaging data from a prostate cancer patient to test the fidelity of reconstructed metabolite time series. RESULTS All three data sets showed successful reconstruction using MoReFUn. In simulation and retrospective phantom data, the restored time series of pyruvate and lactate maintained the image details, and the mean square residual error of the accelerated reconstruction increased only slightly (< 10%) at a reduction factor up to 8. In prostate data, the quantitative estimation of the conversion-rate constant of pyruvate to lactate was achieved with high accuracy of less than 10% error at a reduction factor of 2 compared with the conversion rate derived from unaccelerated data. CONCLUSION The MoReFUn technique can be used as an effective and reliable imaging acceleration method for metabolic imaging using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]-pyruvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Xu
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Keith A. Michel
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christopher M. Walker
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Collin J. Harlan
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
| | - Gary V. Martinez
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Daniel B. Vigneron
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX
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21
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
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22
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Chen HY, Bok RA, Cooperberg MR, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Westphalen AC, Wang ZJ, Ohliger MA, Gebrezgiabhier D, Carvajal L, Gordon JW, Larson PEZ, Aggarwal R, Kurhanewicz J, Vigneron DB. Improving multiparametric MR-transrectal ultrasound guided fusion prostate biopsies with hyperpolarized 13 C pyruvate metabolic imaging: A technical development study. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:2609-2620. [PMID: 35975978 PMCID: PMC9794017 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop techniques and establish a workflow using hyperpolarized carbon-13 (13 C) MRI and the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate (kPL ) biomarker to guide MR-transrectal ultrasound fusion prostate biopsies. METHODS The integrated multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) exam consisted of a 1-min hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate EPI acquisition added to a conventional prostate mpMRI exam. Maps of kPL values were calculated, uploaded to a picture archiving and communication system and targeting platform, and displayed as color overlays on T2 -weighted anatomic images. Abdominal radiologists identified 13 C research biopsy targets based on the general recommendation of focal lesions with kPL >0.02(s-1 ), and created a targeting report for each study. Urologists conducted transrectal ultrasound-guided MR fusion biopsies, including the standard 1 H-mpMRI targets as well as 12-14 core systematic biopsies informed by the research 13 C-kPL targets. All biopsy results were included in the final pathology report and calculated toward clinical risk. RESULTS This study demonstrated the safety and technical feasibility of integrating hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic targeting into routine 1 H-mpMRI and transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy workflows, evaluated via 5 men (median age 71 years, prostate-specific antigen 8.4 ng/mL, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score 2) on active surveillance undergoing integrated scan and subsequent biopsies. No adverse event was reported. Median turnaround time was less than 3 days from scan to 13 C-kPL targeting, and scan-to-biopsy time was 2 weeks. Median number of 13 C targets was 1 (range: 1-2) per patient, measuring 1.0 cm (range: 0.6-1.9) in diameter, with a median kPL of 0.0319 s-1 (range: 0.0198-0.0410). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept work demonstrated the safety and feasibility of integrating hyperpolarized 13 C MR biomarkers to the standard mpMRI workflow to guide MR-transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Robert A. Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Matthew R. Cooperberg
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Hao G. Nguyen
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Katsuto Shinohara
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Antonio C. Westphalen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Zhen J. Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Daniel Gebrezgiabhier
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Lucas Carvajal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Peder E. Z. Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Daniel B. Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
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23
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Schmidt AB, de Maissin H, Adelabu I, Nantogma S, Ettedgui J, TomHon P, Goodson BM, Theis T, Chekmenev EY. Catalyst-Free Aqueous Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]Pyruvate Obtained by Re-Dissolution Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3430-3439. [PMID: 36379005 PMCID: PMC9983023 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite great successes in oncology, patient outcomes are often still discouraging, and hence the diagnostic imaging paradigm is increasingly shifting toward functional imaging of the pathology to better understand individual disease biology and to personalize therapies. The dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (d-DNP) hyperpolarization method has enabled unprecedented real-time MRI sensing of metabolism and tissue pH using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate as a biosensor with great potential for diagnosis and monitoring of cancer patients. However, current d-DNP is expensive and suffers from long hyperpolarization times, posing a substantial translational roadblock. Here, we report the development of Re-Dissolution Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (Re-D SABRE), which relies on fast and low-cost hyperpolarization of [1-13C]pyruvate by chemical exchange with parahydrogen at microtesla magnetic fields. [1-13C]pyruvate is precipitated from catalyst-containing methanol using ethyl acetate and rapidly reconstituted in aqueous media. 13C polarization of 9 ± 1% is demonstrated after redissolution in water with residual iridium mass fraction of 8.5 ± 1.5 ppm; further improvement is anticipated via process automation. Re-D SABRE makes hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate biosensor available at a fraction of the cost (<$10,000) and production time (≈1 min) of currently used techniques and makes aqueous hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate "ready" for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Henri de Maissin
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Isaiah Adelabu
- Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Shiraz Nantogma
- Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Jessica Ettedgui
- Chemistry and Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Building B, Room #2034, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Patrick TomHon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, United States
- Vizma Life Sciences LLC, Durham, NC 27707-3669, United States
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Sciences and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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24
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Multinuclear MRI in Drug Discovery. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196493. [PMID: 36235031 PMCID: PMC9572840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of magnetic resonance imaging broadens the range of applications to newer areas. Using MRI, we can not only visualize, but also track pharmaceutical substances and labeled cells in both in vivo and in vitro tests. 1H is widely used in the MRI method, which is determined by its high content in the human body. The potential of the MRI method makes it an excellent tool for imaging the morphology of the examined objects, and also enables registration of changes at the level of metabolism. There are several reports in the scientific publications on the use of clinical MRI for in vitro tracking. The use of multinuclear MRI has great potential for scientific research and clinical studies. Tuning MRI scanners to the Larmor frequency of a given nucleus, allows imaging without tissue background. Heavy nuclei are components of both drugs and contrast agents and molecular complexes. The implementation of hyperpolarization techniques allows for better MRI sensitivity. The aim of this review is to present the use of multinuclear MRI for investigations in drug delivery.
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25
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Vaidya MV, Zhang B, Hong D, Brown R, Batsios G, Viswanath P, Paska J, Wulf G, Grant AK, Ronen SM, Larson PEZ. A 13C/ 31P surface coil to visualize metabolism and energetics in the rodent brain at 3 Tesla. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 343:107286. [PMID: 36075133 PMCID: PMC9721620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We constructed a 13C/31P surface coil at 3 T for studying cancer metabolism and bioenergetics. In a single scan session, hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRS and 31P MRS was carried out for a healthy rat brain. METHODS All experiments were carried out at 3 Tesla. The multinuclear surface coil was designed as two coplanar loops each tuned to either the 13C or 31P operating frequency with an LCC trap on the 13C loop. A commercial volume proton coil was used for anatomical localization and B0 shimming. Single tuned coils operating at either the 13C or 31P frequency were built to evaluate the relative performance of the multinuclear coil. Coil performance metrics consisted of measuring Q factor ratio, calculating system input power using a single-pulse acquisition, and acquiring SNR and flip angle maps using 2D CSI sequences. To observe in vivo spectra, a bolus of hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate was administered via tail vein. In vivo13C and endogenous 31P spectra were obtained in a single scan session using 1D slice selective acquisitions. RESULTS When compared with single tuned surface coils, the multinuclear coil performance showed a decrease in Q factor ratio, SNR, and transmit efficiency. Flip angle maps showed adequate flip angles within the phantom when the transmit voltage was set using an external phantom. Results show good detection of 13C labeled lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate in addition to ATP from 31P MRS. CONCLUSIONS The coil enables obtaining complementary information within a scan session, thus reducing the number of trials and minimizing biological variability for studies of metabolism and bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manushka V Vaidya
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Bei Zhang
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - DongHyun Hong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Brown
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, and Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georgios Batsios
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pavithra Viswanath
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jan Paska
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, and Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerburg Wulf
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron K Grant
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina M Ronen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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26
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Theillet FX, Luchinat E. In-cell NMR: Why and how? PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 132-133:1-112. [PMID: 36496255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy has been applied to cells and tissues analysis since its beginnings, as early as 1950. We have attempted to gather here in a didactic fashion the broad diversity of data and ideas that emerged from NMR investigations on living cells. Covering a large proportion of the periodic table, NMR spectroscopy permits scrutiny of a great variety of atomic nuclei in all living organisms non-invasively. It has thus provided quantitative information on cellular atoms and their chemical environment, dynamics, or interactions. We will show that NMR studies have generated valuable knowledge on a vast array of cellular molecules and events, from water, salts, metabolites, cell walls, proteins, nucleic acids, drugs and drug targets, to pH, redox equilibria and chemical reactions. The characterization of such a multitude of objects at the atomic scale has thus shaped our mental representation of cellular life at multiple levels, together with major techniques like mass-spectrometry or microscopies. NMR studies on cells has accompanied the developments of MRI and metabolomics, and various subfields have flourished, coined with appealing names: fluxomics, foodomics, MRI and MRS (i.e. imaging and localized spectroscopy of living tissues, respectively), whole-cell NMR, on-cell ligand-based NMR, systems NMR, cellular structural biology, in-cell NMR… All these have not grown separately, but rather by reinforcing each other like a braided trunk. Hence, we try here to provide an analytical account of a large ensemble of intricately linked approaches, whose integration has been and will be key to their success. We present extensive overviews, firstly on the various types of information provided by NMR in a cellular environment (the "why", oriented towards a broad readership), and secondly on the employed NMR techniques and setups (the "how", where we discuss the past, current and future methods). Each subsection is constructed as a historical anthology, showing how the intrinsic properties of NMR spectroscopy and its developments structured the accessible knowledge on cellular phenomena. Using this systematic approach, we sought i) to make this review accessible to the broadest audience and ii) to highlight some early techniques that may find renewed interest. Finally, we present a brief discussion on what may be potential and desirable developments in the context of integrative studies in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois-Xavier Theillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; CERM - Magnetic Resonance Center, and Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Dou Q, Grant AK, Callahan C, Coutinho de Souza P, Mwin D, Booth AL, Nasser I, Moussa M, Ahmed M, Tsai LL. PFKFB3-mediated Pro-glycolytic Shift in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:61-75. [PMID: 36162723 PMCID: PMC9672450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic reprogramming, in particular, glycolytic regulation, supports abnormal survival and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and could serve as a therapeutic target. In this study, we sought to identify glycolytic regulators in HCC that could be inhibited to prevent tumor progression and could also be monitored in vivo, with the goal of providing a theragnostic alternative to existing therapies. METHODS An orthotopic HCC rat model was used. Tumors were stimulated into a high-proliferation state by use of off-target liver ablation and were compared with lower-proliferating controls. We measured in vivo metabolic alteration in tumors before and after stimulation, and between stimulated tumors and control tumors using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (h13C MRI). We compared metabolic alterations detected by h13C MRI to metabolite levels from ex vivo mass spectrometry, mRNA levels of key glycolytic regulators, and histopathology. RESULTS Glycolytic lactate flux increased within HCC tumors 3 days after tumor stimulation, correlating positively with tumor proliferation as measured with Ki67. This was associated with a shift towards aerobic glycolysis and downregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway detected by mass spectrometry. MRI-measured lactate flux was most closely coupled with PFKFB3 expression and was suppressed with direct inhibition using PFK15. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of PFKFB3 prevents glycolytic-mediated HCC proliferation, trackable by in vivo h13C MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Dou
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aaron K Grant
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cody Callahan
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patricia Coutinho de Souza
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Mwin
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam L Booth
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Imad Nasser
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marwan Moussa
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muneeb Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leo L Tsai
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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28
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Gierse M, Marshall A, Qureshi MU, Scharpf J, Parker AJ, Hausmann BJM, Walther P, Bleszynski Jayich AC, Jelezko F, Neumann P, Schwartz I. Scalable and Tunable Diamond Nanostructuring Process for Nanoscale NMR Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31544-31550. [PMID: 36092615 PMCID: PMC9454277 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructuring of a bulk material is used to change its mechanical, optical, and electronic properties and to enable many new applications. We present a scalable fabrication technique that enables the creation of densely packed diamond nanopillars for quantum technology applications. The process yields tunable feature sizes without the employment of lithographic techniques. High-aspect-ratio pillars are created through oxygen-plasma etching of diamond with a dewetted palladium film as an etch mask. We demonstrate an iterative renewal of the palladium etch mask, by which the initial mask thickness is not the limiting factor for the etch depth. Following the process, 300-400 million densely packed 100 nm wide and 1 μm tall diamond pillars were created on a 3 × 3 mm2 diamond sample. The fabrication technique is tailored specifically to enable applications and research involving quantum coherent defect center spins in diamond, such as nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, which are widely used in quantum science and engineering. To demonstrate the compatibility of our technique with quantum sensing, NV centers are created in the nanopillar sidewalls and are used to sense 1H nuclei in liquid wetting the nanostructured surface. This nanostructuring process is an important element for enabling the wide-scale implementation of NV-driven magnetic resonance imaging or NV-driven NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gierse
- NVision
Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alastair Marshall
- NVision
Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Walther
- Central
Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich
- Department
of Physics, University of California Santa
Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- NVision
Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ilai Schwartz
- NVision
Imaging Technologies GmbH, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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29
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Wei Y, Yang C, Jiang H, Li Q, Che F, Wan S, Yao S, Gao F, Zhang T, Wang J, Song B. Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:135. [PMID: 35976510 PMCID: PMC9382599 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization. Meanwhile, a wide range of nuclei can be hyperpolarized, such as 2H, 3He, 13C, 15 N, 31P, and 129Xe. The signal can be increased and allows real-time observation of biological perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolic reactions in vivo, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional magnetic resonance of low sensitivity. HP-NMR imaging of different nuclear substrates provides a unique opportunity and invention to map the metabolic changes in various organs without invasive procedures. This review aims to focus on the recent applications of multi-NMR technology not only in a range of preliminary animal experiments but also in various disease spectrum in human. Furthermore, we will discuss the future challenges and opportunities of this multi-NMR from a clinical perspective, in the hope of truly bridging the gap between cutting-edge molecular biology and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Che
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Wan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Yao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Radiology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, China.
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30
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Sanchez-Dahl Gonzalez M, Muti IH, Cheng LL. High resolution magic angle spinning MRS in prostate cancer. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:695-705. [PMID: 35318537 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men worldwide. The current methods utilized to screen for prostate cancer may not have sufficient sensitivity in distinguishing aggressive from indolent diseases, which affect the quality of life of patients in the short and long term. The overdiagnosis of cases and overtreatment are prevalent due to the heterogeneity of the disease in terms of latent and progressive variants, as well as in the tissue types present in biopsy samples. METHODS The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential clinical benefits of incorporating high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) modalities to overcome the current challenges in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella H Muti
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo L Cheng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Somai V, Kreis F, Gaunt A, Tsyben A, Chia ML, Hesse F, Wright AJ, Brindle KM. Genetic algorithm-based optimization of pulse sequences. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2130-2144. [PMID: 34866238 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The performance of pulse sequences in vivo can be limited by fast relaxation rates, magnetic field inhomogeneity, and nonuniform spin excitation. We describe here a method for pulse sequence optimization that uses a stochastic numerical solver that in principle is capable of finding a global optimum. The method provides a simple framework for incorporating any constraint and implementing arbitrarily complex cost functions. Efficient methods for simulating spin dynamics and incorporating frequency selectivity are also described. METHODS Optimized pulse sequences for polarization transfer between protons and X-nuclei and excitation pulses that eliminate J-coupling modulation were evaluated experimentally using a surface coil on phantoms, and also the detection of hyperpolarized [2-13 C]lactate in vivo in the case of J-coupling modulation-free excitation. RESULTS The optimized polarization transfer pulses improved the SNR by ~50% with a more than twofold reduction in the B1 field, and J-coupling modulation-free excitation was achieved with a more than threefold reduction in pulse length. CONCLUSION This process could be used to optimize any pulse when there is a need to improve the uniformity and frequency selectivity of excitation as well as to design new pulses to steer the spin system to any desired achievable state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vencel Somai
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Kreis
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adam Gaunt
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Tsyben
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ming Li Chia
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Friederike Hesse
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Wright
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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32
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and MR Spectroscopic Methods in Understanding Breast Cancer Biology and Metabolism. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040295. [PMID: 35448482 PMCID: PMC9030399 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A common malignancy that affects women is breast cancer. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Metabolic reprogramming occurs during cancer growth, invasion, and metastases. Functional magnetic resonance (MR) methods comprising an array of techniques have shown potential for illustrating physiological and molecular processes changes before anatomical manifestations on conventional MR imaging. Among these, in vivo proton (1H) MR spectroscopy (MRS) is widely used for differentiating breast malignancy from benign diseases by measuring elevated choline-containing compounds. Further, the use of hyperpolarized 13C and 31P MRS enhanced the understanding of glucose and phospholipid metabolism. The metabolic profiling of an array of biological specimens (intact tissues, tissue extracts, and various biofluids such as blood, urine, nipple aspirates, and fine needle aspirates) can also be investigated through in vitro high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution magic angle spectroscopy (HRMAS). Such studies can provide information on more metabolites than what is seen by in vivo MRS, thus providing a deeper insight into cancer biology and metabolism. The analysis of a large number of NMR spectral data sets through multivariate statistical methods classified the tumor sub-types. It showed enormous potential in the development of new therapeutic approaches. Recently, multiparametric MRI approaches were found to be helpful in elucidating the pathophysiology of cancer by quantifying structural, vasculature, diffusion, perfusion, and metabolic abnormalities in vivo. This review focuses on the applications of NMR, MRS, and MRI methods in understanding breast cancer biology and in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of breast cancer.
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33
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Read GH, Bailleul J, Vlashi E, Kesarwala AH. Metabolic response to radiation therapy in cancer. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:200-224. [PMID: 34961986 PMCID: PMC10187995 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metabolism has emerged as a hallmark of cancer and is involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth. Reprogramming of tumor metabolism is necessary for cancer cells to sustain high proliferation rates and enhanced demands for nutrients. Recent studies suggest that metabolic plasticity in cancer cells can decrease the efficacy of anticancer therapies by enhancing antioxidant defenses and DNA repair mechanisms. Studying radiation-induced metabolic changes will lead to a better understanding of radiation response mechanisms as well as the identification of new therapeutic targets, but there are few robust studies characterizing the metabolic changes induced by radiation therapy in cancer. In this review, we will highlight studies that provide information on the metabolic changes induced by radiation and oxidative stress in cancer cells and the associated underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham H. Read
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Justine Bailleul
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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34
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Sushentsev N, McLean MA, Warren AY, Benjamin AJV, Brodie C, Frary A, Gill AB, Jones J, Kaggie JD, Lamb BW, Locke MJ, Miller JL, Mills IG, Priest AN, Robb FJL, Shah N, Schulte RF, Graves MJ, Gnanapragasam VJ, Brindle KM, Barrett T, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarised 13C-MRI identifies the emergence of a glycolytic cell population within intermediate-risk human prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:466. [PMID: 35075123 PMCID: PMC8786834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarised magnetic resonance imaging (HP 13C-MRI) is an emerging clinical technique to detect [1-13C]lactate production in prostate cancer (PCa) following intravenous injection of hyperpolarised [1-13C]pyruvate. Here we differentiate clinically significant PCa from indolent disease in a low/intermediate-risk population by correlating [1-13C]lactate labelling on MRI with the percentage of Gleason pattern 4 (%GP4) disease. Using immunohistochemistry and spatial transcriptomics, we show that HP 13C-MRI predominantly measures metabolism in the epithelial compartment of the tumour, rather than the stroma. MRI-derived tumour [1-13C]lactate labelling correlated with epithelial mRNA expression of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA and LDHB combined), and the ratio of lactate transporter expression between the epithelial and stromal compartments (epithelium-to-stroma MCT4). We observe similar changes in MCT4, LDHA, and LDHB between tumours with primary Gleason patterns 3 and 4 in an independent TCGA cohort. Therefore, HP 13C-MRI can metabolically phenotype clinically significant disease based on underlying metabolic differences in the epithelial and stromal tumour compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arnold J V Benjamin
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy Frary
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew B Gill
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua D Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin W Lamb
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- School of Allied Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Locke
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jodi L Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrew N Priest
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nimish Shah
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Martin J Graves
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent J Gnanapragasam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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35
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Ursprung S, Woitek R, McLean MA, Priest AN, Crispin-Ortuzar M, Brodie CR, Gill AB, Gehrung M, Beer L, Riddick ACP, Field-Rayner J, Grist JT, Deen SS, Riemer F, Kaggie JD, Zaccagna F, Duarte JAG, Locke MJ, Frary A, Aho TF, Armitage JN, Casey R, Mendichovszky IA, Welsh SJ, Barrett T, Graves MJ, Eisen T, Mitchell TJ, Warren AY, Brindle KM, Sala E, Stewart GD, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate Metabolism as a Surrogate for Tumor Grade and Poor Outcome in Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Proof of Principle Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:335. [PMID: 35053497 PMCID: PMC8773685 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiating aggressive clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from indolent lesions is challenging using conventional imaging. This work prospectively compared the metabolic imaging phenotype of renal tumors using carbon-13 MRI following injection of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate (HP-13C-MRI) and validated these findings with histopathology. Nine patients with treatment-naïve renal tumors (6 ccRCCs, 1 liposarcoma, 1 pheochromocytoma, 1 oncocytoma) underwent pre-operative HP-13C-MRI and conventional proton (1H) MRI. Multi-regional tissue samples were collected using patient-specific 3D-printed tumor molds for spatial registration between imaging and molecular analysis. The apparent exchange rate constant (kPL) between 13C-pyruvate and 13C-lactate was calculated. Immunohistochemistry for the pyruvate transporter (MCT1) from 44 multi-regional samples, as well as associations between MCT1 expression and outcome in the TCGA-KIRC dataset, were investigated. Increasing kPL in ccRCC was correlated with increasing overall tumor grade (ρ = 0.92, p = 0.009) and MCT1 expression (r = 0.89, p = 0.016), with similar results acquired from the multi-regional analysis. Conventional 1H-MRI parameters did not discriminate tumor grades. The correlation between MCT1 and ccRCC grade was confirmed within a TCGA dataset (p < 0.001), where MCT1 expression was a predictor of overall and disease-free survival. In conclusion, metabolic imaging using HP-13C-MRI differentiates tumor aggressiveness in ccRCC and correlates with the expression of MCT1, a predictor of survival. HP-13C-MRI may non-invasively characterize metabolic phenotypes within renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Ursprung
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Mary A. McLean
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Andrew N. Priest
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Cara R. Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Andrew B. Gill
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Marcel Gehrung
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Lucian Beer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Antony C. P. Riddick
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - Johanna Field-Rayner
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - James T. Grist
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Surrin S. Deen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Frank Riemer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Joshua D. Kaggie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Fulvio Zaccagna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Joao A. G. Duarte
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Matthew J. Locke
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Amy Frary
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Tevita F. Aho
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - James N. Armitage
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
| | - Ruth Casey
- Department of Endocrinology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Iosif A. Mendichovszky
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Sarah J. Welsh
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Martin J. Graves
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Tim Eisen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thomas J. Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, UK
| | - Anne Y. Warren
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Evis Sala
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Urology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.C.P.R.); (T.F.A.); (J.N.A.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (S.U.); (R.W.); (M.A.M.); (M.C.-O.); (C.R.B.); (A.B.G.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (J.F.-R.); (S.S.D.); (F.R.); (J.D.K.); (F.Z.); (J.A.G.D.); (M.J.L.); (A.F.); (I.A.M.); (S.J.W.); (T.B.); (T.E.); (T.J.M.); (A.Y.W.); (K.M.B.); (E.S.); (G.D.S.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.N.P.); (J.T.G.)
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Stewart NJ, Sato T, Takeda N, Hirata H, Matsumoto S. Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for Imaging Tissue Redox State, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cellular Metabolism. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:81-94. [PMID: 34218688 PMCID: PMC8792501 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-labeled redox-sensitive metabolic tracers can provide noninvasive functional imaging biomarkers, reflecting tissue redox state, oxidative stress, and inflammation, among others. The capability to use endogenous metabolites as 13C-enriched imaging tracers without structural modification makes HP 13C MRI a promising tool to evaluate redox state in patients with various diseases. Recent Advances: Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of in vivo metabolic imaging of 13C-labeled tracers polarized by parahydrogen-induced polarization techniques, which offer a cost-effective alternative to the more widely used dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization-based hyperpolarizers. Critical Issues: Although the fluxes of many metabolic pathways reflect the change in tissue redox state, they are not functionally specific. In the present review, we summarize recent challenges in the development of specific 13C metabolic tracers for biomarkers of redox state, including that for detecting reactive oxygen species. Future Directions: Applications of HP 13C metabolic MRI to evaluate redox state have only just begun to be investigated. The possibility to gain a comprehensive understanding of the correlations between tissue redox potential and metabolism under different pathological conditions by using HP 13C MRI is promoting its interest in the clinical arena, along with its noninvasive biomarkers to evaluate the extent of disease and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Stewart
- Division of Bioengineering & Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science & Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tatsuyuki Sato
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirata
- Division of Bioengineering & Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science & Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Division of Bioengineering & Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science & Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Chen CL, Lin CY, Kung HJ. Targeting Mitochondrial OXPHOS and Their Regulatory Signals in Prostate Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13435. [PMID: 34948229 PMCID: PMC8708687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that tumor development requires not only oncogene/tumor suppressor mutations to drive the growth, survival, and metastasis but also metabolic adaptations to meet the increasing energy demand for rapid cellular expansion and to cope with the often nutritional and oxygen-deprived microenvironment. One well-recognized strategy is to shift the metabolic flow from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) or respiration in mitochondria to glycolysis or fermentation in cytosol, known as Warburg effects. However, not all cancer cells follow this paradigm. In the development of prostate cancer, OXPHOS actually increases as compared to normal prostate tissue. This is because normal prostate epithelial cells divert citrate in mitochondria for the TCA cycle to the cytosol for secretion into seminal fluid. The sustained level of OXPHOS in primary tumors persists in progression to an advanced stage. As such, targeting OXPHOS and mitochondrial activities in general present therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of the key regulators of the OXPHOS pathway in prostate cancer, ranging from transcriptional regulation, metabolic regulation to genetic regulation. Moreover, we provided a comprehensive update of the current status of OXPHOS inhibitors for prostate cancer therapy. A challenge of developing OXPHOS inhibitors is to selectively target cancer mitochondria and spare normal counterparts, which is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Chen
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (C.-Y.L.)
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Glöggler S, Yang S, Saul P, Mamone S, Kaltschnee L. Bimodal fluorescence/magnetic resonance molecular probes with extended spin lifetimes. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104158. [PMID: 34854145 PMCID: PMC9302690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bimodal molecular probes combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fluorescence have been widely studied in basic science, as well as clinical research. The investigation of spin phenomena holds promise to broaden the scope of available probes allowing deeper insights into physiological processes. Herein, a class of molecules with a bimodal character with respect to fluorescence and nuclear spin singlet states is introduced. Singlet states are NMR silent but can be probed indirectly. Symmetric, perdeuterated molecules, in which the singlet states can be populated by vanishingly small electron‐mediated couplings (below 1 Hz) are reported. The lifetimes of these states are an order of magnitude longer than the longitudinal relaxation times and up to four minutes at 7 T. Moreover, these molecules show either aggregation induced emission (AIE) or aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) with respect to their fluorescence. In the latter case, the existence of excited dimers, which are proposed to use in a switchable manner in combination with the quenching of nuclear spin singlet states, is observed
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Glöggler
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, NMR Signal Enhancement Group, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, GERMANY
| | - Shengjun Yang
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry: Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, NMR Signal Enhancement, GERMANY
| | - Philip Saul
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry: Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, NMR Singal Enhancement, GERMANY
| | - Salvatore Mamone
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry: Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, NMR Signal Enhancement, GERMANY
| | - Lukas Kaltschnee
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry: Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, NMR Signal Enhancement, GERMANY
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Frahm AB, Hill D, Katsikis S, Andreassen T, Ardenkjær-Larsen JH, Bathen TF, Moestue SA, Jensen PR, Lerche MH. Classification and biomarker identification of prostate tissue from TRAMP mice with hyperpolarized 13C-SIRA. Talanta 2021; 235:122812. [PMID: 34517669 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized 13C isotope resolved spectroscopy boosts NMR signal intensity, which improves signal detection and allows metabolic fluxes to be analyzed. Such hyperpolarized flux data may offer new approaches to tissue classification and biomarker identification that could be translated in vivo. Here we used hyperpolarized stable isotope resolved analysis (SIRA) to measure metabolite specific 13C isotopic enrichments in the central carbon metabolism of mouse prostate. Prostate and tumor tissue samples were acquired from transgenic adenocarcinomas of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Before euthanasia, mice were injected with [U-13C]glucose intraperitoneally (i.p.). Polar metabolite extracts were prepared, and hyperpolarized 1D-13C NMR spectra were obtained from normal prostate (n = 19) and cancer tissue (n = 19) samples. Binary classification and feature analysis was performed to make a separation model and to investigate differences between samples originating from normal and cancerous prostate tissue, respectively. Hyperpolarized experiments were carried out according to a standardized protocol, which showed a high repeatability (CV = 15%) and an average linewidth in the 1D-13C NMR spectra of 2 ± 0.5 Hz. The resolution of the hyperpolarized 1D-13C spectra was high with little signal overlap in the carbonyl region and metabolite identification was easily accomplished. A discrimination with 95% success rate could be made between samples originating from TRAMP mice prostate and tumor tissue based on isotopomers from uniquely identified metabolites. Hyperpolarized 13C-SIRA allowed detailed metabolic information to be obtained from tissue specimens. The positional information of 13C isotopic enrichments lead to easily interpreted features responsible for high predictive classification of tissue types. This analytical approach has matured, and the robust experimental protocols currently available allow systematic tracking of metabolite flux ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Frahm
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds plads 349, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Deborah Hill
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sotirios Katsikis
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds plads 349, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Trygve Andreassen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Henrik Ardenkjær-Larsen
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds plads 349, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siver Andreas Moestue
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Pernille Rose Jensen
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds plads 349, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mathilde Hauge Lerche
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Ørsteds plads 349, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Ruhm L, Avdievich N, Ziegs T, Nagel AM, De Feyter HM, de Graaf RA, Henning A. Deuterium metabolic imaging in the human brain at 9.4 Tesla with high spatial and temporal resolution. Neuroimage 2021; 244:118639. [PMID: 34637905 PMCID: PMC8591372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present first highly spatially resolved deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) measurements of the human brain acquired with a dedicated coil design and a fast chemical shift imaging (CSI) sequence at an ultrahigh field strength of B0 = 9.4 T. 2H metabolic measurements with a temporal resolution of 10 min enabled the investigation of the glucose metabolism in healthy human subjects. METHODS The study was performed with a double-tuned coil with 10 TxRx channels for 1H and 8TxRx/2Rx channels for 2H and an Ernst angle 3D CSI sequence with a nominal spatial resolution of 2.97 ml and a temporal resolution of 10 min. RESULTS The metabolism of [6,6'-2H2]-labeled glucose due to the TCA cycle could be made visible in high resolution metabolite images of deuterated water, glucose and Glx over the entire human brain. CONCLUSION X-nuclei MRSI as DMI can highly benefit from ultrahigh field strength enabling higher temporal and spatial resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreen Ruhm
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany; IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Nikolai Avdievich
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Theresia Ziegs
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany; IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henk M De Feyter
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany; Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas/Texas, United States
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41
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AbuSalim JE, Yamamoto K, Miura N, Blackman B, Brender JR, Mushti C, Seki T, Camphausen KA, Swenson RE, Krishna MC, Kesarwala AH. Simple Esterification of [1- 13C]-Alpha-Ketoglutarate Enhances Membrane Permeability and Allows for Noninvasive Tracing of Glutamate and Glutamine Production. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2144-2150. [PMID: 34554724 PMCID: PMC9107957 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) is a key metabolite and signaling molecule in cancer cells, but the low permeability of α-KG limits the study of α-KG mediated effects in vivo. Recently, cell-permeable monoester and diester α-KG derivatives have been synthesized for use in vivo, but many of these derivatives are not compatible for use in hyperpolarized carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP-13C-MRS). HP-13C-MRS is a powerful technique that has been used to noninvasively trace labeled metabolites in real time. Here, we show that using diethyl-[1-13C]-α-KG as a probe in HP-13C-MRS allows for noninvasive tracing of α-KG metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E. AbuSalim
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kazutoshi Yamamoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Natsuko Miura
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Burchelle Blackman
- Chemistry and Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Brender
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Chandrasekhar Mushti
- Chemistry and Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kevin A. Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Rolf E. Swenson
- Chemistry and Synthesis Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Murali C. Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Aparna H. Kesarwala
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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42
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Lee PM, Chen HY, Gordon JW, Zhu Z, Larson PE, Dwork N, Van Criekinge M, Carvajal L, Ohliger MA, Wang ZJ, Xu D, Kurhanewicz J, Bok RA, Aggarwal R, Munster PN, Vigneron DB. Specialized computational methods for denoising, B 1 correction, and kinetic modeling in hyperpolarized 13 C MR EPSI studies of liver tumors. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2402-2411. [PMID: 34216051 PMCID: PMC8565779 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel post-processing pipeline for hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C MRSI that integrates tensor denoising and B 1 + correction to measure pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rates (kPL ) in patients with liver tumors. METHODS Seven HP 13 C MR scans of progressing liver tumors were acquired using a custom 13 C surface transmit/receive coil and the echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) data analysis included B0 correction, tensor rank truncation, and zero- and first-order phase corrections to recover metabolite signals that would otherwise be obscured by spectral noise as well as a correction for inhomogeneous transmit ( B 1 + ) using a B 1 + map aligned to the coil position for each patient scan. Processed HP data and corrected flip angles were analyzed with an inputless two-site exchange model to calculate kPL . RESULTS Denoising averages SNR increases of pyruvate, lactate, and alanine were 37.4-, 34.0-, and 20.1-fold, respectively, with lactate and alanine dynamics most noticeably recovered and better defined. In agreement with Monte Carlo simulations, over-flipped regions underestimated kPL and under-flipped regions overestimated kPL . B 1 + correction addressed this issue. CONCLUSION The new HP 13 C EPSI post-processing pipeline integrated tensor denoising and B 1 + correction to measure kPL in patients with liver tumors. These technical developments not only recovered metabolite signals in voxels that did not receive the prescribed flip angle, but also increased the extent and accuracy of kPL estimations throughout the tumor and adjacent regions including normal-appearing tissue and additional lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Lee
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zihan Zhu
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peder E.Z. Larson
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Dwork
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark Van Criekinge
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lucas Carvajal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zhen J. Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert A. Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pamela N. Munster
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel B. Vigneron
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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43
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Ahmad F, Cherukuri MK, Choyke PL. Metabolic reprogramming in prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1185-1196. [PMID: 34262149 PMCID: PMC8548338 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although low risk localised prostate cancer has an excellent prognosis owing to effective treatments, such as surgery, radiation, cryosurgery and hormone therapy, metastatic prostate cancer remains incurable. Existing therapeutic regimens prolong life; however, they are beset by problems of resistance, resulting in poor outcomes. Treatment resistance arises primarily from tumour heterogeneity, altered genetic signatures and metabolic reprogramming, all of which enable the tumour to serially adapt to drugs during the course of treatment. In this review, we focus on alterations in the metabolism of prostate cancer, including genetic signatures and molecular pathways associated with metabolic reprogramming. Advances in our understanding of prostate cancer metabolism might help to explain many of the adaptive responses that are induced by therapy, which might, in turn, lead to the attainment of more durable therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Ahmad
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA ,grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Murali Krishna Cherukuri
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- grid.48336.3a0000 0004 1936 8075Molecular Imaging Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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44
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Fan TW, Higashi RM, Song H, Daneshmandi S, Mahan AL, Purdom MS, Bocklage TJ, Pittman TA, He D, Wang C, Lane AN. Innate immune activation by checkpoint inhibition in human patient-derived lung cancer tissues. eLife 2021; 10:69578. [PMID: 34406120 PMCID: PMC8476122 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy has significantly improved lung cancer patient survival, many patients show variable efficacy and resistance development. A better understanding of the drug’s action is needed to improve patient outcomes. Functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to modulating drug resistance; understanding of individual patients’ TME that impacts drug response is hampered by lack of appropriate models. Lung organotypic tissue slice cultures (OTC) with patients’ native TME procured from primary and brain-metastasized (BM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were treated with Pembrolizumab and/or beta-glucan (WGP, an innate immune activator). Metabolic tracing with 13C6-Glc/13C5,15N2-Gln, multiplex immunofluorescence, and digital spatial profiling (DSP) were employed to interrogate metabolic and functional responses to Pembrolizumab and/or WGP. Primary and BM PD-1+ lung cancer OTC responded to Pembrolizumab and Pembrolizumab + WGP treatments, respectively. Pembrolizumab activated innate immune metabolism and functions in primary OTC, which were accompanied by tissue damage. DSP analysis indicated an overall decrease in immunosuppressive macrophages and T cells but revealed microheterogeneity in immune responses and tissue damage. Two TMEs with altered cancer cell properties showed resistance. Pembrolizumab or WGP alone had negligible effects on BM-lung cancer OTC but Pembrolizumab + WGP blocked central metabolism with increased pro-inflammatory effector release and tissue damage. In-depth metabolic analysis and multiplex TME imaging of lung cancer OTC demonstrated overall innate immune activation by Pembrolizumab but heterogeneous responses in the native TME of a patient with primary NSCLC. Metabolic and functional analysis also revealed synergistic action of Pembrolizumab and WGP in OTC of metastatic NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Wm Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Huan Song
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Saeed Daneshmandi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Angela L Mahan
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Matthew S Purdom
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Therese J Bocklage
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Thomas A Pittman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
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45
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van Zijl PCM, Brindle K, Lu H, Barker PB, Edden R, Yadav N, Knutsson L. Hyperpolarized MRI, functional MRI, MR spectroscopy and CEST to provide metabolic information in vivo. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 63:209-218. [PMID: 34298353 PMCID: PMC8384704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Access to metabolic information in vivo using magnetic resonance (MR) technologies has generally been the niche of MR spectroscopy (MRS) and spectroscopic imaging (MRSI). Metabolic fluxes can be studied using the infusion of substrates labeled with magnetic isotopes, with the use of hyperpolarization especially powerful. Unfortunately, these promising methods are not yet accepted clinically, where fast, simple, and reliable measurement and diagnosis are key. Recent advances in functional MRI and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI allow the use of water imaging to study oxygen metabolism and tissue metabolite levels. These, together with the use of novel data analysis approaches such as machine learning for all of these metabolic MR approaches, are increasing the likelihood of their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C M van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kevin Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nirbhay Yadav
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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46
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Characterization of Distinctive In Vivo Metabolism between Enhancing and Non-Enhancing Gliomas Using Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080504. [PMID: 34436445 PMCID: PMC8398100 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of hyperpolarized carbon-13 (13C) metabolic MRI has enabled the sensitive and noninvasive assessment of real-time in vivo metabolism in tumors. Although several studies have explored the feasibility of using hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging for neuro-oncology applications, most of these studies utilized high-grade enhancing tumors, and little is known about hyperpolarized 13C metabolic features of a non-enhancing tumor. In this study, 13C MR spectroscopic imaging with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate was applied for the differential characterization of metabolic profiles between enhancing and non-enhancing gliomas using rodent models of glioblastoma and a diffuse midline glioma. Distinct metabolic profiles were found between the enhancing and non-enhancing tumors, as well as their contralateral normal-appearing brain tissues. The preliminary results from this study suggest that the characterization of metabolic patterns from hyperpolarized 13C imaging between non-enhancing and enhancing tumors may be beneficial not only for understanding distinct metabolic features between the two lesions, but also for providing a basis for understanding 13C metabolic processes in ongoing clinical trials with neuro-oncology patients using this technology.
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47
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Matsumoto S. [1. Hyperpolarized 13C MRI: Current Status and Prospects of Post-nuclear Medicine]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2021; 77:753-759. [PMID: 34305064 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2021_jsrt_77.7.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Engineering, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University
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48
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Salnikov OG, Chukanov NV, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Kovtunov KV, Shchepin RV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Heterogeneous 1 H and 13 C Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization of Acetate and Pyruvate Esters. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1389-1396. [PMID: 33929077 PMCID: PMC8249325 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging of [1-13 C]hyperpolarized carboxylates (most notably, [1-13 C]pyruvate) allows one to visualize abnormal metabolism in tumors and other pathologies. Herein, we investigate the efficiency of 1 H and 13 C hyperpolarization of acetate and pyruvate esters with ethyl, propyl and allyl alcoholic moieties using heterogeneous hydrogenation of corresponding vinyl, allyl and propargyl precursors in isotopically unlabeled and 1-13 C-enriched forms with parahydrogen over Rh/TiO2 catalysts in methanol-d4 and in D2 O. The maximum obtained 1 H polarization was 0.6±0.2 % (for propyl acetate in CD3 OD), while the highest 13 C polarization was 0.10±0.03 % (for ethyl acetate in CD3 OD). Hyperpolarization of acetate esters surpassed that of pyruvates, while esters with a triple carbon-carbon bond in unsaturated alcoholic moiety were less efficient as parahydrogen-induced polarization precursors than esters with a double bond. Among the compounds studied, the maximum 1 H and 13 C NMR signal intensities were observed for propyl acetate. Ethyl acetate yielded slightly less intense NMR signals which were dramatically greater than those of other esters under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, 57701, Rapid City, South Dakota, United States
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya St., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, Michigan, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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49
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Eykyn T, Elliott S, Kuchel P. Extended Bloch-McConnell equations for mechanistic analysis of hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance experiments on enzyme systems. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2021; 2:421-446. [PMID: 37904769 PMCID: PMC10539799 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-421-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe an approach to formulating the kinetic master equations of the time evolution of NMR signals in reacting (bio)chemical systems. Special focus is given to studies that employ signal enhancement (hyperpolarization) methods such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) and involving nuclear spin-bearing solutes that undergo reactions mediated by enzymes and membrane transport proteins. We extend the work given in a recent presentation on this topic (Kuchel and Shishmarev, 2020) to now include enzymes with two or more substrates and various enzyme reaction mechanisms as classified by Cleland, with particular reference to non-first-order processes. Using this approach, we can address some pressing questions in the field from a theoretical standpoint. For example, why does binding of a hyperpolarized substrate to an enzyme not cause an appreciable loss of the signal from the substrate or product? Why does the concentration of an unlabelled pool of substrate, for example 12 C lactate, cause an increase in the rate of exchange of the 13 C-labelled pool? To what extent is the equilibrium position of the reaction perturbed during administration of the substrate? The formalism gives a full mechanistic understanding of the time courses derived and is of relevance to ongoing clinical trials using these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's
College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très
Hauts Champs – FRE 2034 Université de Lyon / CNRS / Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1 / ENS de Lyon, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne,
France
- current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool,
Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Philip W. Kuchel
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney,
Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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50
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McGee KP, Hwang KP, Sullivan DC, Kurhanewicz J, Hu Y, Wang J, Li W, Debbins J, Paulson E, Olsen JR, Hua CH, Warner L, Ma D, Moros E, Tyagi N, Chung C. Magnetic resonance biomarkers in radiation oncology: The report of AAPM Task Group 294. Med Phys 2021; 48:e697-e732. [PMID: 33864283 PMCID: PMC8361924 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A magnetic resonance (MR) biologic marker (biomarker) is a measurable quantitative characteristic that is an indicator of normal biological and pathogenetic processes or a response to therapeutic intervention derived from the MR imaging process. There is significant potential for MR biomarkers to facilitate personalized approaches to cancer care through more precise disease targeting by quantifying normal versus pathologic tissue function as well as toxicity to both radiation and chemotherapy. Both of which have the potential to increase the therapeutic ratio and provide earlier, more accurate monitoring of treatment response. The ongoing integration of MR into routine clinical radiation therapy (RT) planning and the development of MR guided radiation therapy systems is providing new opportunities for MR biomarkers to personalize and improve clinical outcomes. Their appropriate use, however, must be based on knowledge of the physical origin of the biomarker signal, the relationship to the underlying biological processes, and their strengths and limitations. The purpose of this report is to provide an educational resource describing MR biomarkers, the techniques used to quantify them, their strengths and weakness within the context of their application to radiation oncology so as to ensure their appropriate use and application within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiaran P McGee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ken-Pin Hwang
- Department of Imaging Physics, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel C Sullivan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yanle Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Josef Debbins
- Department of Radiology, Barrow Neurologic Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Eric Paulson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Olsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Hua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Daniel Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eduardo Moros
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Neelam Tyagi
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
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