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Ouyang X, Zhu R, Lin L, Wang X, Zhuang Q, Hu D. GAPDH Is a Novel Ferroptosis-Related Marker and Correlates with Immune Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020142. [PMID: 36837761 PMCID: PMC9961514 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent form of lung cancer with high morbidity and fatality rates. Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is iron-dependent. Recent findings have suggested that ferroptosis inducers have promising prospects for the therapy of LUAD. However, ferroptosis-related gene expression in LUAD and its relationship with the tumor prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment remain unknown. We identified a total of 638 ferroptosis-related genes, built a LUAD ferroptosis-related risk model (FRRM) with the help of Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, split LUAD patients into high- and low-risk clusters, and verified the model utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The results of the FRRM's principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated its strong predictive power. Further, univariate and multivariate Cox and AUC curve analyses demonstrated that the model was independent of other clinical traits and served as an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram demonstrated strong predictive power for overall survival, according to calibration plots. We also explored variations in clinical characteristics, immune cell infiltration, immune-related function, and functional pathways between the high- and low-risk groups. Additionally, we used a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of various genes in the two groups to search for potential target genes. GAPDH was then chosen for a follow-up investigation. An analysis was performed on the relationship between GAPDH and variations in survival prognosis, clinical traits, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and immunotherapy. In vitro tests further supported the probable functions of GAPDH as a ferroptosis marker in LUAD. In conclusion, a novel ferroptosis-related prognostic gene, GAPDH, was discovered, whose expression was connected to the tumor immune microenvironment. The combination of immunotherapy and the targeting of GAPDH to induce ferroptosis in LUAD may provide a novel therapeutical option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Ouyang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lan Lin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xunxun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qigang Zhuang
- The First Clinical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, The Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430022, China
- Clinical Research Center of Cancer Immunotherapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-8587-3071
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2
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Chen M, Wang L, Li M, Budai MM, Wang J. Mitochondrion-Mediated Cell Death through Erk1-Alox5 Independent of Caspase-9 Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193053. [PMID: 36231015 PMCID: PMC9564198 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disruption leads to the release of cytochrome c to activate caspase-9 and the downstream caspase cascade for the execution of apoptosis. However, cell death can proceed efficiently in the absence of caspase-9 following mitochondrial disruption, suggesting the existence of caspase-9-independent cell death mechanisms. Through a genome-wide siRNA library screening, we identified a network of genes that mediate caspase-9-independent cell death, through ROS production and Alox5-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Erk1-dependent phosphorylation of Alox5 is critical for targeting Alox5 to the nuclear membrane to mediate lipid peroxidation, resulting in nuclear translocation of cytolytic molecules to induce DNA damage and cell death. Consistently, double knockouts of caspase-9 and Alox5 in mice, but not deletion of either gene alone, led to significant T cell expansion with inhibited cell death, indicating that caspase-9- and Alox5-dependent pathways function in parallel to regulate T cell death in vivo. This unbiased whole-genome screening reveals an Erk1-Alox5-mediated pathway that promotes membrane lipid peroxidation and nuclear translocation of cytolytic molecules, leading to the execution of cell death in parallel to the caspase-9 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min Li
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marietta M. Budai
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (J.W.)
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3
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Keeping Cell Death Alive: An Introduction into the French Cell Death Research Network. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070901. [PMID: 35883457 PMCID: PMC9313292 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the Nobel Prize award more than twenty years ago for discovering the core apoptotic pathway in C. elegans, apoptosis and various other forms of regulated cell death have been thoroughly characterized by researchers around the world. Although many aspects of regulated cell death still remain to be elucidated in specific cell subtypes and disease conditions, many predicted that research into cell death was inexorably reaching a plateau. However, this was not the case since the last decade saw a multitude of cell death modalities being described, while harnessing their therapeutic potential reached clinical use in certain cases. In line with keeping research into cell death alive, francophone researchers from several institutions in France and Belgium established the French Cell Death Research Network (FCDRN). The research conducted by FCDRN is at the leading edge of emerging topics such as non-apoptotic functions of apoptotic effectors, paracrine effects of cell death, novel canonical and non-canonical mechanisms to induce apoptosis in cell death-resistant cancer cells or regulated forms of necrosis and the associated immunogenic response. Collectively, these various lines of research all emerged from the study of apoptosis and in the next few years will increase the mechanistic knowledge into regulated cell death and how to harness it for therapy.
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Villa E, Paul R, Meynet O, Volturo S, Pinna G, Ricci JE. The E3 ligase UBR2 regulates cell death under caspase deficiency via Erk/MAPK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1041. [PMID: 33288741 PMCID: PMC7721896 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Escape from cell death is a key event in cancer establishment/progression. While apoptosis is often considered as the main cell death pathway, upon caspase inhibition, cell death is rather delayed than blocked leading to caspase-independent cell death (CICD). Although described for years, CICD's underlying mechanism remains to be identified. Here, we performed a genome-wide siRNA lethality screening and identified the RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Transferase (UBR2) as a specific regulator of CICD. Strikingly, UBR2 downregulation sensitized cells towards CICD while its overexpression was protective. We established that UBR2-dependent protection from CICD was mediated by the MAPK/Erk pathway. We then observed that UBR2 is overexpressed in several cancers, especially in breast cancers and contributes to CICD resistance. Therefore, our work defines UBR2 as a novel regulator of CICD, found overexpressed in cancer cells, suggesting that its targeting may represent an innovative way to kill tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Villa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Rachel Paul
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | - Sophie Volturo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Pinna
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Mondragón L, Mhaidly R, De Donatis GM, Tosolini M, Dao P, Martin AR, Pons C, Chiche J, Jacquin M, Imbert V, Proïcs E, Boyer L, Doye A, Luciano F, Neels JG, Coutant F, Fabien N, Sormani L, Rubio-Patiño C, Bossowski JP, Muller F, Marchetti S, Villa E, Peyron JF, Gaulard P, Lemonnier F, Asnafi V, Genestier L, Benhida R, Fournié JJ, Passeron T, Ricci JE, Verhoeyen E. GAPDH Overexpression in the T Cell Lineage Promotes Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma through an NF-κB-Dependent Mechanism. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:268-287.e10. [PMID: 31447347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
GAPDH is emerging as a key player in T cell development and function. To investigate the role of GAPDH in T cells, we generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing GAPDH in the T cell lineage. Aged mice developed a peripheral Tfh-like lymphoma that recapitulated key molecular, pathological, and immunophenotypic features of human angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL). GAPDH induced non-canonical NF-κB pathway activation in mouse T cells, which was strongly activated in human AITL. We developed a NIK inhibitor to reveal that targeting the NF-κB pathway prolonged AITL-bearing mouse survival alone and in combination with anti-PD-1. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting NF-κB signaling in AITL and provide a model for future AITL therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana Mhaidly
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Marie Tosolini
- Pôle Technologique du CRCT - Plateau Bioinformatique INSERM-UMR 1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Dao
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR UNS-CNRS 7272, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Anthony R Martin
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR UNS-CNRS 7272, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Caroline Pons
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Marie Jacquin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Emma Proïcs
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Anne Doye
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Jaap G Neels
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Coutant
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France; Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, University of Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Fabien
- Immunology Department, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Laura Sormani
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Elodie Villa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Philippe Gaulard
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - François Lemonnier
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Créteil, France; Unité hémopathies lymphoïdes, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Université Paris 5, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Genestier
- CRCL, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 69921 Oullins Cedex, France
| | - Rachid Benhida
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR UNS-CNRS 7272, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Fournié
- CRCT, INSERM U1037 - Université Paul Sabatier - CNRS ERL5294, Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Toulouse, France; IUCT, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Passeron
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Department of Dermatology, 06204 Nice, France
| | | | - Els Verhoeyen
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France; CIRI, Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, ENS de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, 69007 Lyon, France.
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6
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Vidal RS, Quarti J, Rodrigues MF, Rumjanek FD, Rumjanek VM. Metabolic Reprogramming During Multidrug Resistance in Leukemias. Front Oncol 2018; 8:90. [PMID: 29675398 PMCID: PMC5895924 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer outcome has improved since introduction of target therapy. However, treatment success is still impaired by the same drug resistance mechanism of classical chemotherapy, known as multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. This phenotype promotes resistance to drugs with different structures and mechanism of action. Recent reports have shown that resistance acquisition is coupled to metabolic reprogramming. High-gene expression, increase of active transport, and conservation of redox status are one of the few examples that increase energy and substrate demands. It is not clear if the role of this metabolic shift in the MDR phenotype is related to its maintenance or to its induction. Apart from the nature of this relation, the metabolism may represent a new target to avoid or to block the mechanism that has been impairing treatment success. In this mini-review, we discuss the relation between metabolism and MDR resistance focusing on the multiple non-metabolic functions that enzymes of the glycolytic pathway are known to display, with emphasis with the diverse activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Silveira Vidal
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julia Quarti
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Franklin D Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vivian M Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Maj E, Filip-Psurska B, Milczarek M, Psurski M, Kutner A, Wietrzyk J. Vitamin D derivatives potentiate the anticancer and anti-angiogenic activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in combination with cytostatic drugs in an A549 non-small cell lung cancer model. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:337-366. [PMID: 29345296 PMCID: PMC5741374 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D3] and different vitamin D analogs possess antineoplastic activity, regulating proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, as well as angiogenesis. Vitamin D compounds have been shown to exert synergistic effects when used in combination with different agents used in anticancer therapies in different cancer models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms of the cooperation of the vitamin D compounds [1,24(OH)2D3 (PRI-2191) and 1,25(OH)2D3] with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and sunitinib) together with cytostatics (cisplatin and docetaxel) in an A549 non-small cell lung cancer model. The cytotoxic effects of the test compounds used in different combinations were evaluated on A549 lung cancer cells, as well as on human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMECs). The effects of such combinations on the cell cycle and cell death were also determined. In addition, changes in the expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis and the action of vitamin D were analyzed. Moreover, the effects of 1,24(OH)2D3 on the anticancer activity of sunitinib and sunitinib in combination with docetaxel were examined in an A549 lung cancer model in vivo. Experiments aiming at evaluating the cytotoxicity of the combinations of the test agents revealed that imatinib and sunitinib together with cisplatin or docetaxel exerted potent anti-proliferative effects in vitro on A549 lung cancer cells and in HLMECs; however, 1,24(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 enhanced the cytotoxic effects only in the endothelial cells. Among the test agents, sunitinib and cisplatin decreased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A from the A549 lung cancer cells. The decrease in the VEGF-A level following incubation with cisplatin correlated with a higher p53 protein expression, while no such correlation was observed following treatment of the A549 cells with sunitinib. Sunitinib together with docetaxel and 1,24(OH)2D3 exhibited a more potent anticancer activity in the A549 lung cancer model compared to double combinations and to treatment with the compounds alone. The observed anticancer activity may be the result of the influence of the test agents on the process of tumor angiogenesis, for example, through the downregulation of VEGF-A expression in tumor and also on the induction of cell death inside the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Psurski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kutner
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
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8
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Chiche J, Pommier S, Beneteau M, Mondragón L, Meynet O, Zunino B, Mouchotte A, Verhoeyen E, Guyot M, Pagès G, Mounier N, Imbert V, Colosetti P, Goncalvès D, Marchetti S, Brière J, Carles M, Thieblemont C, Ricci JE. GAPDH enhances the aggressiveness and the vascularization of non-Hodgkin's B lymphomas via NF-κB-dependent induction of HIF-1α. Leukemia 2014; 29:1163-76. [PMID: 25394713 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated expression of glycolytic enzymes contributes not only to the increased energy demands of transformed cells but also has non-glycolytic roles in tumors. However, the contribution of these non-glycolytic functions in tumor progression remains poorly defined. Here, we show that elevated expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), but not of other glycolytic enzymes tested, increased aggressiveness and vascularization of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Elevated GAPDH expression was found to promote nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation via binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-2 (TRAF2), enhancing the transcription and the activity of hypoxia-inducing factor-1α (HIF-1α). Consistent with this, inactive mutants of GAPDH failed to bind TRAF2, enhance HIF-1 activity or promote lymphomagenesis. Furthermore, elevated expression of gapdh mRNA in biopsies from diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients correlated with high levels of hif-1α, vegf-a, nfkbia mRNA and CD31 staining. Collectively, these data indicate that deregulated GAPDH expression promotes NF-κB-dependent induction of HIF-1α and has a key role in lymphoma vascularization and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chiche
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - S Pommier
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [3] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Nice, France
| | - M Beneteau
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - L Mondragón
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - O Meynet
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - B Zunino
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - A Mouchotte
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - E Verhoeyen
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
| | - M Guyot
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, CNRS UMR 7284/U INSERM 1081, Centre A. Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - G Pagès
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, CNRS UMR 7284/U INSERM 1081, Centre A. Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - N Mounier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département d'Onco-Hématologie, Nice, France
| | - V Imbert
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'inflammation, cancer et cellules souches cancéreuses', Nice, France
| | - P Colosetti
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'mort cellulaire, différenciation, inflammation et cancer', Nice, France
| | - D Goncalvès
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'mort cellulaire, différenciation, inflammation et cancer', Nice, France
| | - S Marchetti
- 1] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [2] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'mort cellulaire, différenciation, inflammation et cancer', Nice, France
| | - J Brière
- AP-HP-Hôpital Saint-Louis, Service d'hémato-Oncologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - M Carles
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [3] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Nice, France
| | - C Thieblemont
- AP-HP-Hôpital Saint-Louis, Service d'hémato-Oncologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - J-E Ricci
- 1] Inserm, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 'contrôle métabolique des morts cellulaires', équipe 3, Nice, France [2] Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France [3] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Nice, France
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9
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C6-ceramide nanoliposomes target the Warburg effect in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84648. [PMID: 24367685 PMCID: PMC3868606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a sphingolipid metabolite that induces cancer cell death. When C6-ceramide is encapsulated in a nanoliposome bilayer formulation, cell death is selectively induced in tumor models. However, the mechanism underlying this selectivity is unknown. As most tumors exhibit a preferential switch to glycolysis, as described in the "Warburg effect", we hypothesize that ceramide nanoliposomes selectively target this glycolytic pathway in cancer. We utilize chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a cancer model, which has an increased dependency on glycolysis. In CLL cells, we demonstrate that C6-ceramide nanoliposomes, but not control nanoliposomes, induce caspase 3/7-independent necrotic cell death. Nanoliposomal ceramide inhibits both the RNA and protein expression of GAPDH, an enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, which is overexpressed in CLL. To confirm that ceramide targets GAPDH, we demonstrate that downregulation of GAPDH potentiates the decrease in ATP after ceramide treatment and exogenous pyruvate treatment as well as GAPDH overexpression partially rescues ceramide-induced necrosis. Finally, an in vivo murine model of CLL shows that nanoliposomal C6-ceramide treatment elicits tumor regression, concomitant with GAPDH downregulation. We conclude that selective inhibition of the glycolytic pathway in CLL cells with nanoliposomal C6-ceramide could potentially be an effective therapy for leukemia by targeting the Warburg effect.
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10
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Tait SWG, Green DR. Mitochondrial regulation of cell death. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2013; 5:5/9/a008706. [PMID: 24003207 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a008706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although required for life, paradoxically, mitochondria are often essential for initiating apoptotic cell death. Mitochondria regulate caspase activation and cell death through an event termed mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP); this leads to the release of various mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins that activate caspases, resulting in apoptosis. MOMP is often considered a point of no return because it typically leads to cell death, even in the absence of caspase activity. Because of this pivotal role in deciding cell fate, deregulation of MOMP impacts on many diseases and represents a fruitful site for therapeutic intervention. Here we discuss the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial permeabilization and how this key event leads to cell death through caspase-dependent and -independent means. We then proceed to explore how the release of mitochondrial proteins may be regulated following MOMP. Finally, we discuss mechanisms that enable cells sometimes to survive MOMP, allowing them, in essence, to return from the point of no return.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W G Tait
- Beatson Institute, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom.
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11
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GAPDH binds to active Akt, leading to Bcl-xL increase and escape from caspase-independent cell death. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:1043-54. [PMID: 23645209 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glucose catabolism and resistance to cell death are hallmarks of cancers, but the link between them remains elusive. Remarkably, under conditions where caspases are inhibited, the process of cell death is delayed but rarely blocked, leading to the occurrence of caspase-independent cell death (CICD). Escape from CICD is particularly relevant in the context of cancer as apoptosis inhibition only is often not sufficient to allow oncogenic transformation. While most glycolytic enzymes are overexpressed in tumors, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is of particular interest as it can allow cells to recover from CICD. Here, we show that GAPDH, but no other glycolytic enzymes tested, when overexpressed could bind to active Akt and limit its dephosphorylation. Active Akt prevents FoxO nuclear localization, which precludes Bcl-6 expression and leads to Bcl-xL overexpression. The GAPDH-dependent Bcl-xL overexpression is able to protect a subset of mitochondria from permeabilization that are required for cellular survival from CICD. Thus, our work suggests that GAPDH overexpression could induce Bcl-xL overexpression and protect cells from CICD-induced chemotherapy through preservation of intact mitochondria that may facilitate tumor survival and chemotherapeutic resistance.
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12
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Wang D, Moothart DR, Lowy DR, Qian X. The expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase associated cell cycle (GACC) genes correlates with cancer stage and poor survival in patients with solid tumors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61262. [PMID: 23620736 PMCID: PMC3631177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is often used as a stable housekeeping marker for constant gene expression. However, the transcriptional levels of GAPDH may be highly up-regulated in some cancers, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Using a publically available microarray database, we identified a group of genes whose expression levels in some cancers are highly correlated with GAPDH up-regulation. The majority of the identified genes are cell cycle-dependent (GAPDH Associated Cell Cycle, or GACC). The up-regulation pattern of GAPDH positively associated genes in NSCLC is similar to that observed in cultured fibroblasts grown under conditions that induce anti-senescence. Data analysis demonstrated that up-regulated GAPDH levels are correlated with aberrant gene expression related to both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. Down-regulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1) in gluconeogenesis in conjunction with up-regulation of most glycolytic genes is closely related to high expression of GAPDH in the tumors. The data presented demonstrate that up-regulation of GAPDH positively associated genes is proportional to the malignant stage of various tumors and is associated with an unfavourable prognosis. Thus, this work suggests that GACC genes represent a potential new signature for cancer stage identification and disease prognosis.
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13
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Huang R, Yu M, Li CY, Zhan YQ, Xu WX, Xu F, Ge CH, Li W, Yang XM. New insights into the functions and localization of nuclear CCT protein complex in K562 leukemia cells. Proteomics Clin Appl 2013; 6:467-75. [PMID: 22821915 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The eukaryotic cytosolic chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by assisting the folding of many proteins and is also well known for the critical roles in disease. However, the functions of CCT complex have not been established globally, especially when translocating into nuclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the function of CCT in nuclear and present a strategy in clinical proteomics studies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) combined with mass spectrometry was applied to separate and identify CCT protein complexes. RESULTS We isolated the CCT complex in K562 nucleus and identified a novel CCT complex containing 40 protein components involved in protein folding, RNA processing, apoptosis, and cell metabolism. The interactions between four candidate proteins and CCT were confirmed by immunoblotting. Computational biological analyses and independent biochemical assays validated the overall quality of interactions. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results support clues that CCT might play an unexpected role in various biological processes including RNA processing. And we envision future applications for this system searching for new clues of CCT in disease and readily be applied to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Combination of glycolysis inhibition with chemotherapy results in an antitumor immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:20071-6. [PMID: 23169636 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1206360109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Most DNA-damaging agents are weak inducers of an anticancer immune response. Increased glycolysis is one of the best-described hallmarks of tumor cells; therefore, we investigated the impact of glycolysis inhibition, using 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), in combination with cytotoxic agents on the induction of immunogenic cell death. We demonstrated that 2DG synergized with etoposide-induced cytotoxicity and significantly increased the life span of immunocompetent mice but not immunodeficient mice. We then established that only cotreated cells induced an efficient tumor-specific T-cell activation ex vivo and that tumor antigen-specific T cells could only be isolated from cotreated animals. In addition, only when mice were immunized with cotreated dead tumor cells could they be protected (vaccinated) from a subsequent challenge using the same tumor in viable form. Finally, we demonstrated that this effect was at least partially mediated through ERp57/calreticulin exposure on the plasma membrane. These data identify that the targeting of glycolysis can convert conventional tolerogenic cancer cell death stimuli into immunogenic ones, thus creating new strategies for immunogenic chemotherapy.
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15
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Drullion C, Trégoat C, Lagarde V, Tan S, Gioia R, Priault M, Djavaheri-Mergny M, Brisson A, Auberger P, Mahon FX, Pasquet JM. Apoptosis and autophagy have opposite roles on imatinib-induced K562 leukemia cell senescence. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e373. [PMID: 22898871 PMCID: PMC3434662 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib, the anti-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as first-line therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), eliminates CML cells mainly by apoptosis and induces autophagy. Analysis of imatinib-treated K562 cells reveals a cell population with cell cycle arrest, p27 increase and senescence-associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. Preventing apoptosis by caspase inhibition decreases annexin V-positive cells, caspase-3 cleavage and increases the SA-β-Gal-positive cell population. In addition, a concomitant increase of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27 is detected emphasizing the senescent phenotype. Inhibition of apoptosis by targeting Bim expression or overexpression of Bcl2 potentiates senescence. The inhibition of autophagy by silencing the expression of the proteins ATG7 or Beclin-1 prevents the increase of SA-β-Gal staining in response to imatinib plus Z-Vad. In contrast, in apoptotic-deficient cells (Bim expression or overexpression of Bcl2), the inhibition of autophagy did not significantly modify the SA-β-Gal-positive cell population. Surprisingly, targeting autophagy by inhibiting ATG5 is accompanied by a strong SA-β-Gal staining, suggesting a specific inhibitory role on senescence. These results demonstrate that in addition to apoptosis and autophagy, imatinib induced senescence in K562 CML cells. Moreover, apoptosis is limiting the senescent response to imatinib, whereas autophagy seems to have an opposite role.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drullion
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
| | - C Trégoat
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
| | - V Lagarde
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
| | - S Tan
- UMR-5248-CBMN, Université de Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8–Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence, France
| | - R Gioia
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
| | - M Priault
- UMR CNRS 5095, I.B.G.C, 1 rue Camille Saint Saens, Université de Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - A Brisson
- UMR-5248-CBMN, Université de Bordeaux, Bâtiment B8–Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence, France
| | - P Auberger
- INSERM U1065, Team 2, C3M, 151 route de ginestière, 06204 Nice, France
| | - F-X Mahon
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
| | - J-M Pasquet
- Laboratoire hématopoı¨èse leucémique et cibles thérapeutiques, INSERM U1035, Université Bordeaux Ségalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat Bat TP 4 étage, 33076 Bordeaux, cedex, France
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16
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Bailey CE, Hammers DW, Deford JH, Dimayuga VL, Amaning JK, Farrar R, Papaconstantinou J. Ishemia-reperfusion enhances GAPDH nitration in aging skeletal muscle. Aging (Albany NY) 2012; 3:1003-17. [PMID: 22027257 PMCID: PMC3229964 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging and skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to decreased contractile force generation that increases severely with age. Our studies show that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein expression is significantly decreased at 3 and 5 days reperfusion in the young mouse muscle and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days in the aged muscle. Using PCR, we have shown that GAPDH mRNA levels in young and old muscle increase at 5 days reperfusion compared to control, suggesting that the protein deficit is not transcriptional. Furthermore, while total tyrosine nitration did not increase in the young muscle, GAPDH nitration increased significantly at 1 and 3 days reperfusion. In contrast, total tyrosine nitration in aged muscle increased significantly at 1, 3, and 5 days of reperfusion, with increases in GAPDH nitration at the same time points. We conclude that GAPDH protein levels decrease following I/R, that this is not transcriptionally mediated, that the aged muscle experiences greater oxidative stress, protein modification and GAPDH degradation, possibly contributing to decreased muscle function. We propose that tyrosine nitration enhances GAPDH degradation following I/R and that the persistent decrease of GAPDH in aged muscle is due to the prolonged increase in oxidative modification in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Eric Bailey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
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17
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Abstract
Mortality from locally advanced and metastatic cancer remains high despite advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of the disease and improved adjuvant therapies. Recently, there has been an increased interest in cancer metabolomics, and in particular, the potential for targeting glucose metabolism, for therapeutic gain. This interest stems from the fact that cancer cells metabolize glucose very differently from normal cells. Cancer cells preferentially switch to aerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation as their means of glucose metabolism. This metabolic switch is believed to enhance cancer cell survival. Several therapeutic agents that target tumor metabolism have shown significant cancer cell cytotoxicity in preclinical studies, and some have progressed to clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the alteration of carbohydrate metabolism seen in cancer cells, the underlying mechanisms, and opportunities for targeting cancer metabolism for therapeutic purposes.
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18
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Kuželová K, Grebeňová D, Brodská B. Dose-dependent effects of the caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh on different apoptosis-related processes. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:3334-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Elschenbroich S, Ignatchenko V, Clarke B, Kalloger SE, Boutros PC, Gramolini AO, Shaw P, Jurisica I, Kislinger T. In-Depth Proteomics of Ovarian Cancer Ascites: Combining Shotgun Proteomics and Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:2286-99. [DOI: 10.1021/pr1011087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elschenbroich
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Steve E. Kalloger
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre of the Prostate Research Centre, Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital and British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- Informatics and Biocomputing Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Patricia Shaw
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
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20
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Su Y, Blake-Palmer KG, Fry AC, Best A, Brown ACN, Hiemstra TF, Horita S, Zhou A, Toye AM, Karet FE. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is required for band 3 (anion exchanger 1) membrane residency in the mammalian kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 300:F157-66. [PMID: 20980406 PMCID: PMC3023227 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00228.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian kidney isoform of the essential chloride-bicarbonate exchanger AE1 differs from its erythrocyte counterpart, being shorter at its N terminus. It has previously been reported that the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH interacts only with erythrocyte AE1, by binding to the portion not found in the kidney isoform. (Chu H, Low PS. Biochem J 400:143–151, 2006). We have identified GAPDH as a candidate binding partner for the C terminus of both AE1 and AE2. We show that full-length AE1 and GAPDH coimmunoprecipitated from both human and rat kidney as well as from Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells stably expressing kidney AE1, while in human liver, AE2 coprecipitated with GAPDH. ELISA and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assays using GST-tagged C-terminal AE1 fusion protein confirmed that the interaction is direct; fluorescence titration revealed saturable binding kinetics with Kd 2.3 ± 0.2 μM. Further GST precipitation assays demonstrated that the D902EY residues in the D902EYDE motif located within the C terminus of AE1 are important for GAPDH binding. In vitro GAPDH activity was unaffected by C-terminal AE1 binding, unlike in erythrocytes. Also, differently from red cell N-terminal binding, GAPDH-AE1 C-terminal binding was not disrupted by phosphorylation of AE1 in kidney AE1-expressing MDCK cells. Importantly, small interfering RNA knockdown of GAPDH in these cells resulted in significant intracellular retention of AE1, with a concomitant reduction in AE1 at the cell membrane. These results indicate differences between kidney and erythrocyte AE1/GAPDH behavior and show that in the kidney, GAPDH is required for kidney AE1 to achieve stable basolateral residency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Su
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Box 139, Hills Rd., Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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Abstract
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is often required for activation of the caspase proteases that cause apoptotic cell death. Various intermembrane space (IMS) proteins, such as cytochrome c, promote caspase activation following their mitochondrial release. As a consequence, mitochondrial outer membrane integrity is highly controlled, primarily through interactions between pro- and anti-apoptotic members of the B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein family. Following MOMP by pro-apoptotic BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) or BCL-2 antagonist or killer (BAK), additional regulatory mechanisms govern the mitochondrial release of IMS proteins and caspase activity. MOMP typically leads to cell death irrespective of caspase activity by causing a progressive decline in mitochondrial function, although cells can survive this under certain circumstances, which may have pathophysiological consequences.
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Pradelli LA, Bénéteau M, Ricci JE. Mitochondrial control of caspase-dependent and -independent cell death. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:1589-97. [PMID: 20151314 PMCID: PMC11115767 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria control whether a cell lives or dies. The role mitochondria play in deciding the fate of a cell was first identified in the mid-1990s, because mitochondria-enriched fractions were found to be necessary for activation of death proteases, the caspases, in a cell-free model of apoptotic cell death. Mitochondrial involvement in apoptosis was subsequently shown to be regulated by Bcl-2, a protein that was known to contribute to cancer in specific circumstances. The important role of mitochondria in promoting caspase activation has therefore been a major focus of apoptosis research; however, it is also clear that mitochondria contribute to cell death by caspase-independent mechanisms. In this review, we will highlight recent findings and discuss the mechanism underlying the mitochondrial control of apoptosis and caspase-independent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine A. Pradelli
- Inserm, U895, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 3 AVENIR, 06204 Nice Cedex 3, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Marie Bénéteau
- Inserm, U895, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 3 AVENIR, 06204 Nice Cedex 3, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean-Ehrland Ricci
- Inserm, U895, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), équipe 3 AVENIR, 06204 Nice Cedex 3, France
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Département d’Anesthésie Réanimation, 06202 Nice Cedex 3, France
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23
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Glycolysis inhibition sensitizes tumor cells to death receptors-induced apoptosis by AMP kinase activation leading to Mcl-1 block in translation. Oncogene 2009; 29:1641-52. [PMID: 19966861 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Most cancer cells exhibit increased glycolysis for generation of their energy supply. This specificity could be used to preferentially kill these cells. In this study, we identified the signaling pathway initiated by glycolysis inhibition that results in sensitization to death receptor (DR)-induced apoptosis. We showed, in several human cancer cell lines (such as Jurkat, HeLa, U937), that glucose removal or the use of nonmetabolizable form of glucose (2-deoxyglucose) dramatically enhances apoptosis induced by Fas or by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. This sensitization is controlled through the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is the central energy-sensing system of the cell. We established the fact that AMPK is activated upon glycolysis block resulting in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition leading to Mcl-1 decrease, but no other Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic members. Interestingly, we determined that, upon glycolysis inhibition, the AMPK-mTOR pathway controlled Mcl-1 levels neither through transcriptional nor through posttranslational mechanism but rather by controlling its translation. Therefore, our results show a novel mechanism for the sensitization to DR-induced apoptosis linking glucose metabolism to Mcl-1 downexpression. In addition, this study provides a rationale for the combined use of DR ligands with AMPK activators or mTOR inhibitors in the treatment of human cancers.
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Colell A, Green DR, Ricci JE. Novel roles for GAPDH in cell death and carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16:1573-81. [PMID: 19779498 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence points to the fact that glucose metabolism has a central role in carcinogenesis. Among the enzymes controlling this energy production pathway, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is of particular interest. Initially identified as a glycolytic enzyme and considered as a housekeeping gene, this enzyme is actually tightly regulated and is involved in numerous cellular functions. Particularly intriguing are recent reports describing GAPDH as a regulator of cell death. However, its role in cell death is unclear; whereas some studies point toward a proapoptotic function, others describe a protective role and suggest its participation in tumor progression. In this study, we highlight recent findings and discuss potential mechanisms through which cells regulate GAPDH to fulfill its diverse functions to influence cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Esther Koplowitz, and CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, 08036-Barcelona, Spain.
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